Is there a need for a comma after a word? “and also” between homogeneous members

You often read news and large serious materials from reputable, respected publications on the Internet and catch yourself thinking: who is the author of these illiterate lines, where did they study, who taught them to use written Russian so ineptly. In addition to , a mistake in which, unfortunately, even specialist philologists make, many errors in the field of syntax and punctuation began to be found in the texts of would-be journalists.

Simply put, the question of where to put a comma, whether it is needed here or not, and if it is needed, then why, causes enormous difficulties for most writers. One gets the impression that they did not study this section of the Russian language either at school or at university, and they put punctuation marks where there is a pause in the language - this is where they strive to “stick” their “hook”. But in language, not everything is so simple - it has its own rules. MIR 24 decided to recall some of the punctuation features of the Russian language.

Punctuation refers to the system of punctuation marks in the written language, the rules for their placement in written speech, as well as the section of grammar that studies these rules. Punctuation makes clear the syntactic and intonation structure of speech, highlighting individual sentences and members of sentences. This greatly facilitates oral reproduction of what has been written.

(along with the colon and dash) is the most complex punctuation mark. In order to understand whether a given sentence contains a comma, you need to remember a few simple rules. In writing, this sign is used to highlight and isolate participial and participial phrases, definitions, isolations, addresses, interjections, interjections, clarifications and, of course, introductory words.

Also, a comma is used to separate between direct and indirect speech, between parts of a complex, complex and compound sentence, and homogeneous members of a sentence.

This punctuation mark is used either singly or in pairs. Single commas serve to divide a whole sentence into parts, separating these parts by marking their boundaries. For example, in a complex sentence it is necessary to separate two simple parts, and in a simple one - homogeneous members of the sentence that are used in the listing. Paired commas highlight an independent part of a sentence, marking boundaries on both sides. On both sides, participial and adverbial phrases, introductory words, and addresses in the middle of a sentence are most often distinguished. To understand where commas are placed, remember a few rules.

The main thing is the meaning

The most important thing is to understand the meaning of the sentence to understand the meaning of the sentence. One of the functions of punctuation marks is to convey correct semantics. If a comma is placed in the wrong place, the meaning is instantly distorted and a comic effect appears. For example: “Yesterday I entertained my sister, who was sick, playing the guitar.”

To highlight an independent part of a sentence, you need to read the sentence without this part. If the meaning of the sentence is clear, then the removed part is independent. Commas, as a rule, always highlight adverbial phrases, introductory sentences and words. For example: “The other day it became known that a friend of mine, returning from vacation, forgot her phone in the train car.” If we remove the participial phrase from this sentence, its meaning will hardly change: “The other day it became known that a friend of mine forgot her phone in the train car.”

However, there are cases when the gerund adjoins the predicate and in its meaning becomes similar to an adverb. In such cases, single participles are not separated by commas. “Why, sir, are you crying? Live your life laughing” (A.S. Griboyedov). If the gerund participle is removed from this sentence, it will become incomprehensible.

Insidious treatment

Addresses are always separated by commas in sentences. If it is in the middle or end of a sentence, it is not very easy to identify. For example: Tell me, boy, how far is it to the city? You are wrong, wife, when you say that Lionel Messi is not a football genius. Well, haven’t you noticed, sister, that the clock hanging on the wall has stopped?”

Let's compare

In almost all cases, a comma is used when talking about comparative phrases. It is easy to find in a sentence, mainly due to conjunctions as if, exactly, as, as if, as, rather than than, etc. However, there are exceptions. Comparative phrases are not highlighted if they are phraseological units. For example: It was as if he had disappeared into the ground. Rain cats and dogs and so on.

Between homogeneous members

A comma is placed between homogeneous members, but not always. A comma is necessary for conjunctions such as a, yes, but, but, however. Also, a comma is needed between homogeneous members that are connected by repeating conjunctions (and ... and, or ... or, not that ... not that, either ... or). There is no need to put a comma between homogeneous members that are connected by single conjunctions yes, and, either, or. In addition, repeating conjunctions before homogeneous members of the sentence will help determine where commas are placed.

Difficulties arise when homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions come across. Between homogeneous definitions, a comma is necessary. For example: interesting, fascinating book. For heterogeneous definitions, there is no need to use a comma: interesting philosophical novel. The word “interesting” expresses the impression in this phrase, and “philosophical” means that the novel belongs to a certain genre.

Boundaries of simple sentences

In complex sentences, a comma is placed before coordinating conjunctions. These are unions like and, yes, or, either, yes and. The main thing here is to correctly determine where one simple sentence ends and another begins. To do this, you need to find a grammatical basis in each of them (subjects and predicates) or divide a complex sentence according to its meaning.

Defined word in participial phrase

A comma is placed in sentences with a participial phrase, but also not always. The main thing here is to remember that participles are isolated only if they appear after the word they define. The word being defined is the one from which the question is asked to the participial phrase. For example: The bus standing at the bus stop broke down. If this does not happen, a comma is not needed: The bus standing at the stop has broken down.

A comma is always placed before contrastive conjunctions - but, yeah, uh.

Oh those interjections

Affirmative, interrogative, negative words, as well as interjections, require commas. There is always a comma after the interjection: “Competent speech, alas, is a rarity these days”. But not everything is so simple here. The interjection must be distinguished from particles such as oh, ah, well– they are used for reinforcement, as well as particles O, used when addressing. “What are you like!”, “Oh, close your pale legs!” (V. Brusov).

Here, of course, everything is very schematic and brief - Russian punctuation is much more complex and richer. But even these tips, I hope, will help you write correctly and put commas where they are justified by the rules, and not use them where they are not needed. I wish you success in mastering the “great and mighty” and remind you:

How to correctly pronounce, speak and write - the New Season program will test your knowledge and teach you on the air of the MIR TV channel from September 3. The program will air on button 18 on Sundays at 7:20.

Every week, TV viewers will be able to learn new and interesting facts about the “great and mighty.” The program will continue to be hosted by the charismatic Sergei Fedorov, who promises to fill the program not only with intelligence, but also with sparkling humor.

Ivan Rakovich

On one of the sites dedicated to the Russian language, I found the following sentence: “Turn on the lights, or turn down the music.” Is a comma necessary? It seems to me that she is superfluous here.

You're right, the comma is superfluous. Non-repeating union or connects homogeneous members of the sentence here.

	Question No. 294290

"Understand why your audience needs you. Determine who your customers are and what problems your product can solve." I think that all 3 commas are superfluous here, my colleagues say that all 3 are needed. Who is right? Thank you!

Russian help desk response

Two commas are needed: before the word For what and before the word Who. They are placed between the main and subordinate clauses as part of a complex sentence. The third comma is superfluous, because it is a conjunction And connects homogeneous subordinate clauses.

	Question No. 285028

How to correctly place commas in the phrase: “forget everything you know about life and just open your eyes”? I think 2 commas are needed. Everyone claims that the second comma is superfluous.

Russian help desk response

You're right. Both commas are needed. Subordinate clause what did you know about life separated by commas on both sides.

	Question No. 282360

Hello! I was extremely confused by your answer. Why is there no need for a comma here?

Question No. 282322

Good afternoon. Is there an extra comma in the parentheses?
access to your personal account (,) the user is required to report this.
patterns

Russian help desk response

Yes, this comma is superfluous, there is no need to put it.

Russian help desk response

There is a rule: after a homogeneous member of a sentence joined by a conjunction and, there is no comma, i.e. it is not isolated.

	Question No. 282322

Good afternoon. Is there an extra comma in the parentheses?
In case of loss of the password, as well as in case of illegal possession by strangers
access to your personal account (,) the user is required to report this.

Russian help desk response

Yes, this comma is superfluous, there is no need to put it.

	Question No. 281761

Hello, dear employees of Gramota.ru!
Thanks for your hard work. Please help me again.
"To identify groups at high risk of developing diseases... in 2014, on-site forms of work were actively used(,)
and medical examination of certain groups of the adult population was carried out."
Is the comma in parentheses appropriate or unnecessary?
Thank you.
Sincerely, Elena Vladimirovna.

Russian help desk response

The comma is superfluous. It is not used because the two parts of a complex sentence are united by a common minor member in 2014.

	Question No. 281590

Good afternoon.
Is (and why) necessary a second comma in the sentence “From the perspective of not the writer, but the reader, the book was a success”? Maybe the first comma is too much?
Thank you.

Russian help desk response

After the last homogeneous member of the sentence, which is attached by an adversative or subordinating conjunction and does not end the sentence, a comma is not placed, i.e. it is not isolated: From the perspective of not the writer, but the reader, the book was a success.

	Question No. 280611

Please tell me whether the punctuation in this phrase is correct - “But what should I answer Jack?”

Russian help desk response

The comma is superfluous.

	Question No. 279786

Hello. Are the punctuation marks correct in the following sentence: Before extinguishing the fire, rescuers turned off the power supply.

Russian help desk response

The comma is superfluous.

	Question No. 270936

Can you please tell me if the punctuation marks in the following sentence are correct?

The leaves on the trees are like bright pictures.

Russian help desk response

The comma is superfluous.

	Question No. 268218

Good afternoon, Gramota specialists! In the sentence “Sofyan Feghouli flew to Africa to fulfill his international duty as part of the Algerian national team,” the comma is superfluous, since this is not a complex sentence. Or am I not right? Thank you in advance.

Russian help desk response

You are right, there is no reason to put a comma before a word perform.

	Question No. 257843

Illiteracy is rampant in the country... what can you do if a person doesn’t know how to spell “pretty”?

Isn't there a need for a comma after the word "knows"?

Russian help desk response

Comma after knows required.

	Question No. 234197

Regarding the process of identification, a fair question arises: which languages ​​are most susceptible to this mechanism? Is the punctuation correct?

Russian help desk response

The comma is superfluous.

	Question No. 226887

Please tell me whether it is correct to highlight the word “for example” with commas on both sides in this case: “this is a signal about possible metabolic disorders or hormonal imbalances, for example, during pregnancy.”

Russian help desk response

The second comma is superfluous (_for example_ stands out along with the turnover).

	Question No. 220940

They stood up and watched: if he drowned, he wouldn’t drown. Is the punctuation correct?

Russian help desk response

The comma is superfluous. Correct: _Stand up and watch: if he drowns, he won’t drown_.

Very often the word “also” is taken as an introductory word, which is why they make the mistake of putting a comma after this word at the beginning of the sentence. In fact, "also" is union so he not isolated commas neither in the middle of a sentence nor at the beginning.

For example:

Also In our store you can purchase household goods.

The conjunction “also” at the beginning of a sentence is not very correct stylistically. It is appropriate to put this word at the beginning of a sentence if the sentence is an addition to the above, for example, it is a note.

In this case, the conjunction “also” is very close in meaning to “in addition.”

No, a comma is not required there, since the word Also although it begins some sentences, it is not an introductory construction for them. This is clear in that when you read those sentences that begin with the word also, you will understand that there is no intonation pause between this word and the topic, which it, in thought, summarizes in meaning, with the preceding sentence or independent parts speeches among themselves.

For example:

Also Like me, my brother was quite successful in boxing and won various competitions.

In the middle of a sentence, it is also not required:

Having bought myself a tracksuit, I Also I also bought some sneakers.

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Intelligence interrogation: Klim Zhukov about Zadornov’s films

Aligned

Recently, a cheat sheet on the Russian language spread across LJ. I took it from here: http://natalyushko.livejournal.com/533497.html

However, there were errors and inaccuracies.
I corrected what I noticed, plus added information from my notebook and other sources.

Use it. =)

If you notice any errors or have any additions, please write about it.

Editor's note. Part 1

Commas, punctuation

“In addition” is ALWAYS highlighted with commas (both at the beginning and in the middle of a sentence).

“Most likely” in the meaning of “very likely, most likely” is separated by commas (Of course, it’s all because of the cognac and the steam room, otherwise he would most likely have remained silent.).
In the meaning of “quickest” - NO (This is the most likely way to get to the house.).

"Quicker". If it means “better, more willingly”, then WITHOUT commas. For example: “She would rather die than betray him.” Also WITHOUT commas, if it means “better to say.” For example: “making some remark or rather an exclamation.”
BUT! A comma is needed if this is an introductory word expressing the author’s assessment of the degree of reliability of this statement in relation to the previous one (in the meaning of “most likely” or “most likely”). For example: “He cannot be called a smart person - rather, he is on his own mind.”

“Of course”, “of course” - the word of course is NOT separated by commas at the beginning of the response, pronounced in a tone of confidence, conviction: Of course it is!
In other cases, a comma is REQUIRED.

The expressions “in general”, “in general” are SEPARATED in the meaning “in short, in a word”, then they are introductory.

“First of all” stands out as introductory in the meaning of “first of all” (First of all, he is a fairly capable person).
These words do NOT stand out in the meaning of “first, first” (First of all, you need to contact a specialist).
A comma after “a”, “but”, etc. is NOT needed: “But first of all, I want to say.”
When clarifying, the entire phrase is highlighted: “There is hope that these proposals, primarily from the Ministry of Finance, will not be accepted or will be changed.”

“at least”, “at least” - are isolated only when inverted: “This issue was discussed twice, at least.”

“in turn” - is not separated by a comma in the meaning “for its part”, “in response, when it was the turn.” And the quality of introductory ones is isolated.

“literally” - not introductory, not separated by commas

"Hence". If the meaning is “therefore, therefore, it means,” then commas are needed. For example: “So you, therefore, are our neighbors.”
BUT! If it means “therefore, as a result of this, based on the fact that,” then the comma is needed only on the left. For example: “I found a job, therefore we will have more money”; “You are angry, therefore you are wrong”; “You can’t bake a cake, so I’ll bake it.”

"Least". If it means “the least”, then without commas. For example: “At least I’ll wash the dishes”; “He made at least a dozen mistakes.”
BUT! If in the meaning of comparison with something, emotional assessment, then with a comma. For example: “At a minimum, this approach involves control,” “To do this, you need, at a minimum, to understand politics.”

“that is, if”, “especially if” - a comma is usually not needed

“That is” is not an introductory word and is not separated by commas on either side. This is a conjunction, a comma is placed before it (and if in some contexts a comma is placed after it, then for other reasons: for example, to highlight a certain isolated construction or subordinate clause that comes after it).
For example: “There are still five kilometers to the station, that is, an hour’s walk” (a comma is needed), “There are still five kilometers to the station, that is, if you walk slowly, an hour’s walk (a comma after “that is” is placed to highlight the subordinate clause "if you go slowly")

“In any case” are separated by commas as introductory ones if they are used in the meaning “at least”.

“Besides that”, “besides this”, “besides everything (other)”, “besides everything (other)” are isolated as introductory ones.
BUT! “Besides that” is a conjunction, a comma is NOT needed. For example: “In addition to not doing anything himself, he also makes claims against me.”

“Thanks to this”, “thanks to that”, “thanks to that” and “along with that” - a comma is usually not required. Segregation is optional. The presence of a comma is not an error.

“Moreover” - WITHOUT a comma.
“Especially when”, “especially since”, “especially if”, etc. — a comma is needed before “even more so.” For example: “Such arguments are hardly needed, especially since this is a false statement”, “especially if it is meant”, “rest, especially since a lot of work awaits you”, “you shouldn’t sit at home, especially if your partner invites you to the dance."

“Moreover” is highlighted with a comma only in the middle of the sentence (on the left).

“Nevertheless” - a comma is placed in the middle of the sentence (on the left). For example: “He has decided everything, however, I will try to convince him.”
BUT! If “but nevertheless”, “if nevertheless”, etc., then commas are NOT needed.

If "however" means "but", then the comma on the right side is NOT placed. (An exception is if this is an interjection. For example: “However, what a wind!”)

“In the end” - if it means “in the end”, then a comma is NOT placed.

“Really” is NOT separated by commas in the meaning of “in fact” (that is, if this is a circumstance expressed by an adverb), if it is synonymous with the adjective “valid” - “real, genuine”. For example: “Its bark itself is thin, not like oak or pine, which are really not afraid of the hot rays of the sun”; “You are really very tired.”

“Indeed” can act as an introductory and SEPARATE. The introductory word is characterized by intonation isolation - it expresses the speaker’s confidence in the truth of the reported fact. In controversial cases, the author of the text decides on the placement of punctuation marks.

“Because” - a comma is NOT needed if it is a conjunction, that is, if it can be replaced with “because”. For example: “As a child, he underwent a medical examination because he fought in Vietnam,” “maybe it’s all because I love when a person sings” (a comma is needed, because replace with “because” it is forbidden).

"Anyway". A comma is needed if the meaning is “be that as it may.” Then this is introductory. For example: “She knew that, one way or another, she would tell Anna everything.”
BUT! The adverbial expression “one way or another” (the same as “in one way or another” or “in any case”) does NOT require punctuation. For example: “War is necessary one way or another.”

Always WITHOUT commas:
Firstly
at first sight
like
it seems
for sure
similarly
More or less
literally
in addition
in the (eventual) end
in the end
as a last resort
best case scenario
Anyway
at the same time
overall
mostly
especially
in some cases
through thick and thin
subsequently
otherwise
as a result
due to this
after all
in this case
in the same time
generally
in this regard
mainly
often
exclusively
at most
meanwhile
just in case
in case of emergency
if possible
as far as possible
still
practically
approximately
with all that
with (all) desire
on occasion
wherein
equally
the biggest
at the very least
actually
generally
maybe
as if
in addition
to top it off
I guess
by the proposal
by decree
by decision
as if
traditionally
supposedly

The comma is NOT included
at the beginning of a sentence:
“Before... I found myself...”
"Since…"
"Before as…"
"Although…"
"As…"
"In order to…"
"Instead of…"
“Actually...”
"While…"
“Especially since...”
"Nevertheless…"
“Despite the fact that...” (at the same time - separately); There is NO comma before “what”.
"If…"
"After…"
“And...”

“Finally” in the meaning of “finally” is NOT separated by commas.

“And this despite the fact that...” - a comma is ALWAYS placed in the middle of a sentence!

“Based on this, ...” - a comma is placed at the beginning of the sentence. BUT: “He did this based on...” - a comma is NOT used.

“After all, if..., then...” - a comma is NOT placed before “if”, since then comes the second part of the double conjunction - “then”. If there is no “then”, then a comma is placed before “if”!

“For less than two years...” - a comma is NOT placed before “what”, because This is NOT a comparison.

A comma is placed before “HOW” only in case of comparison.

“Politicians such as Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov...” - a comma is added because there is a noun "policy".
BUT: “...politicians such as Ivanov, Petrov, Sidorov...” - a comma is NOT placed before “how”.

Commas are NOT used:
“God forbid”, “God forbid”, “for God’s sake” - are not separated by commas, + the word “God” is written with a small letter.

BUT: commas are placed in both directions:
“Thank God” in the middle of the sentence is highlighted with commas on both sides (the word “God” in this case is written with a capital letter) + at the beginning of the sentence - highlighted with a comma (on the right side).
“By God” - in these cases, commas are placed on both sides (the word “God” in this case is written with a small letter).
“Oh my God” - separated by commas on both sides; in the middle of the sentence, “God” - with a small letter.

If introductory word Can omit or rearrange to another place in the sentence without violating its structure (usually this happens with the conjunctions “and” and “but”), then the conjunction is not included in the introductory construction - a comma is NEEDED. For example: “Firstly, it became dark, and, secondly, everyone was tired.”

If introductory word remove or rearrange it is forbidden , then a comma after the conjunction (usually with the conjunction “a”) is NOT placed. For example: “She simply forgot about this fact, or maybe she never remembered it,” “..., and therefore, …”, “..., and maybe …”, “..., and therefore, …”.

If introductory word Can remove or rearrange, then a comma is NEEDED after the conjunction “a”, since it is not associated with the introductory word, i.e., welded combinations such as “and therefore”, “and however”, “and therefore”, “and maybe”, etc. p.. For example: “She not only didn’t love him, but maybe even despised him.”

If at first sentences worth coordinating union(in the connecting meaning) (“and”, “yes” in the meaning of “and”, “too”, “also”, “and that”, “and that”, “yes and”, “and also”, etc.) , and then an introductory word, then there is NO need for a comma in front of it. For example: “And really, you shouldn’t have done that”; “And perhaps it was necessary to do something differently”; “And finally, the action of the play is ordered and divided into acts”; “Besides, other circumstances have come to light”; “But of course, everything ended well.”

It happens rarely: if at first offers worth joining union, A the introductory construction stands out intonationally, then commas are NEEDED. For example: “But, to my great chagrin, Shvabrin decisively announced...”; “And, as usual, they remembered only one good thing.”

Basic groups of introductory words
and phrases
(set off by commas + on both sides in the middle of the sentence)

1. Expressing the speaker’s feelings (joy, regret, surprise, etc.) in connection with the message:
to annoyance
to amazement
Unfortunately
unfortunately
unfortunately
to joy
Unfortunately
to shame
fortunately
to the surprise
to horror
bad luck
for joy
for luck
the hour is not exactly
there's no point in hiding
by misfortune
fortunately
strange affair
amazing thing
what good, etc.

2. Expressing the speaker’s assessment of the degree of reality of what is being communicated (confidence, uncertainty, assumption, possibility, etc.):
without any doubts
undoubtedly
undoubtedly
may be
right
probably
apparently
Maybe
Indeed
in fact
there must be
Think
Seems
it would seem
Certainly
Maybe
May be
Maybe
Hope
presumably
is not it
undoubtedly
obviously
apparently
in all probability
truly
perhaps
I guess
in fact
essentially
Truth
right
of course
goes without saying
tea, etc.

3. Indicating the source of what is being reported:
They say
they say
they say
transmit
In your
according to...
I remember
In my
in our opinion
according to legend
according to information...
according to…
according to rumors
according to message...
in your opinion
audible
report, etc.

4. Indicating the connection of thoughts, the sequence of presentation:
All in all
Firstly,
secondly, etc.
however
Means
in particular
The main thing
Further
Means
So
For example
Besides
by the way
By the way
by the way
by the way
finally
vice versa
For example
against
I repeat
I emphasize
more than that
on the other side
On the one side
that is
thus, etc.
as it were
whatever it was

5. Indicating techniques and ways of formatting expressed thoughts:
or rather
generally speaking
in other words
if I may say so
if I may say so
in other words
in other words
in short
better to say
to put it mildly
in a word
simply put
in a word
as a matter of fact
if I may say so
so to speak
to be precise
what is it called, etc.

6. Representing appeals to the interlocutor (reader) in order to attract his attention to what is being reported, to instill a certain attitude towards the facts presented:
do you believe
do you believe
do you see
you see)
imagine
let's say
do you know)
Do you know)
Sorry)
believe me
Please
understand
do you understand
do you understand
listen
suppose
Imagine
Sorry)
let's say
agree
agree, etc.

7. Measures indicating an assessment of what is being said:
at least, at least - are isolated only when inverted: “This issue was discussed twice, at least.”
the biggest
at the very least

8. Showing the degree of normality of what is being reported:
It happens
it happened
as usual
according to custom
happens

9. Expressive statements:
All jokes aside
between us it will be said
just between you and me
need to say
it won't be said as a reproach
frankly
according to conscience
in fairness
admit say
to speak honestly
funny to say
Honestly.

Set expressions with comparison
(without commas):
poor as a church mouse
white as a harrier
white as a sheet
white as snow
fight like a fish on ice
pale as death
shines like a mirror
the disease vanished as if by hand
fear like fire
wanders around like a restless person
rushed like crazy
mumbles like a sexton
ran in like crazy
lucky, as a drowned man
spins like a squirrel in a wheel
visible as day
squeals like a pig
lies like a gray gelding
everything is going like clockwork
everything is as chosen
jumped up as if scalded
jumped up as if stung
stupid as a plug
looked like a wolf
goal like a falcon
hungry as wolf
as far as heaven from earth
shaking as if with a fever
trembled like an aspen leaf
he's like water off a duck's back
wait like manna from heaven
wait like a holiday
lead a cat and dog life
live like a bird of heaven
fell asleep like the dead
frozen like a statue
lost like a needle in a haystack
sounds like music
healthy as a bull
know like crazy
have at one's fingertips
fits like a cow's saddle
goes next to me like it's sewn on
like he sank into the water
roll around like cheese in butter
sways like a drunk
swayed (swayed) like jelly
handsome as god
red like a tomato
red as a lobster
strong (strong) like an oak
screams like a catechumen
light as a feather
flies like an arrow
bald as a knee
it's raining cats and dogs
waves his arms like a windmill
rushing around like crazy
wet as a mouse
gloomy as a cloud
dropping like flies
hope like a stone wall
people like sardines in a barrel
dress up like a doll
you can't see your ears
silent as the grave
dumb as a fish
rush (rush) like crazy
rush (rush) like crazy
rushing around like a fool with a written bag
runs around like a chicken and an egg
needed like air
needed like last year's snow
needed like the fifth spoke in a chariot
Like a dog needs a fifth leg
peel off like sticky
one like a finger
remained broke like a lobster
stopped dead in his tracks
razor sharp
different as day from night
different as heaven from earth
bake like pancakes
turned white as a sheet
turned pale as death
repeated as if in delirium
you'll go like a darling
remember your name
remember like in a dream
get caught like chickens in cabbage soup
hit like a gun on the head
sprinkle like a cornucopia
similar as two peas in a pod
sank like a stone
appear as if by command of a pike
loyal like a dog
stuck like a bath leaf
fall through the ground
good (useful) like milk from a goat
disappeared as if into the water
just like a knife to the heart
burned like fire
works like an ox
understands oranges like a pig
disappeared like smoke
play it like clockwork
grow like mushrooms after the rain
grow by leaps and bounds
drop from the clouds
fresh like blood and milk
fresh as a cucumber
sat as if chained
sit on pins and needles
sit on coals
listened as if spellbound
looked enchanted
slept like a log
rush like hell
stands like a statue
slender as a Lebanese cedar
melts like a candle
hard as a rock
dark as night
accurate as a clock
skinny as a skeleton
cowardly as a hare
died like a hero
fell as if knocked down
stubborn as a sheep
stuck like a bull
mulish
tired as a dog
cunning like a fox
cunning like a fox
gushes like a bucket
walked around like a daze
walked like a birthday boy
walk on a thread
cold as ice
skinny as a sliver
black as coal
black as hell
feel at home
feel like you're behind a stone wall
feel like a fish in water
staggered like a drunk
It's like being executed
as clear as two and two is four
clear as day, etc.

Do not confuse with homogeneous members

1. The following stable expressions are not homogeneous and therefore are NOT separated by a comma:
neither this nor that;
neither fish nor fowl;
neither stand nor sit;
no end or edge;
neither light nor dawn;
not a sound, not a breath;
neither for yourself nor for people;
neither sleep nor spirit;
neither here nor there;
for no reason about anything;
neither give nor take;
no answer, no hello;
neither yours nor ours;
neither subtract nor add;
and this way and that;
both day and night;
both laughter and grief;
and cold and hunger;
both old and young;
about this and that;
both;
in both.

(General rule: a comma is not placed inside complete phraseological expressions formed by two words with opposite meanings, connected by a repeated conjunction “and” or “nor”)

2. NOT separated by commas:

1) Verbs in the same form, indicating movement and its purpose.
I'll go for a walk.
Sit down and rest.
Go take a look.
2) Forming a semantic unity.
Can't wait.
Let's sit and talk.

3) Paired combinations of a synonymous, antonymous or associative nature.
Seek the truth.
There is no end.
Honor and praise to all.
Let's go.
Everything is covered.
It's nice to see.
Questions of purchase and sale.
Greet with bread and salt.
Tie hand and foot.

4) Compound words (interrogative-relative pronouns, adverbs that contrast something).
For some people, but you can’t.
It’s somewhere, somewhere, and everything is there.

Compiled by -

While some people are guided by their own intuition when writing “particularly complex” words and expressions, others prefer to learn the rules and follow them exactly. The only problem is that in the Russian language there are exceptions to the rules, so-called “special cases” that do not obey the “laws of spelling”. “Also” – how to spell this word? If you write it incorrectly in the text, then this is fraught with an incorrect perception of what is written or even a loss of the meaning of the entire “manuscript”. That is why this kind of knowledge will never be superfluous.

Writing: continuous and separate

“Also” or “also,” correctly written in the text, can serve as additional evidence that a person has an above-average command of his native language. Sometimes the “writer” acts on a whim, not knowing exactly how to spell “the same” or “also.” In order not to become a victim of deception of your own intuition, you should take into account that the correct spelling of these words depends on what part of speech it is. An adverb with a particle requires separate writing, and a conjunction requires combined writing.

1. If there is a comparison further in the text, then the word is written separately (“so” is an adverb, “the same” is a particle). To check, it is recommended to insert the combination “as and” into the sentence.
2. If, in the process of writing a sentence, a given word is easily replaced by synonyms, the most common of which is “too,” then it is written together. This is a conjunction formed by merging an adverb and a particle, easily replaced by another common conjunction - “and”.

When a person is overcome by doubts, or he simply does not know the rules for writing “also” and “the same way,” then experts in the Russian language advise doing the following: write the same sentence with a “separate” and “merged” version. People who regularly deal with printed content will immediately determine which option will be correct, but if it still remains a mystery whether “also” should be written together or separately, then you will have to follow the rules.

Punctuation

There is no comma after “also” if the word is introductory. This rule also applies to situations when there are “a”, “and”, “how” in front or behind it. A comma is placed before “also” if it is a conjunction. In a complex sentence, this word is isolated according to the general rules, but it is worth considering that it can be used to connect two thoughts, and then commas are not needed.

In general, punctuation marks are placed depending on the context and features of the construction of the sentence. When it contains an adverbial phrase and this word is included in it, then isolation is required. And in constructions in which “how” is present, is “also” separated by commas or not? In compound conjunctions between their members, punctuation marks are either placed or not placed, which causes certain difficulties when writing.

Synonyms

The most common and most frequently used synonym for the word “also” is “also”. In addition to this, the list can include:

• respectively;
• equals;
• like;
• in its turn;
• equally or equally;
• in addition;
• yet again;
• Besides.

You can’t ignore “the same,” a synonym for which (the most common according to dictionaries) is “the same.” “Similarly”, “to the same extent”, “as before”, “to the same extent”, “in a similar way” - these are all “arias from the same opera”, and the list of synonyms is not limited to these expressions, because there are many of them, and The most “exotic” ones can be considered: “the same way”, “like”, “the same way”.

Part of speech

The coordinating conjunction “also” is a part of speech used to connect two homogeneous members of a sentence and to compose complex sentences. It is noteworthy that this conjunction can be easily replaced with another, for example, “too” or “and”, or even removed altogether, since it is a service part of speech to which a syntactic question cannot be asked. The interchangeability of conjunctions allows you to create different sentences with the same words without changing the meaning.

The homonymous adverb “so” and its complementary particle “the same” can be safely put into a sentence (and written separately) if replacement with “too” or “and” is impossible. Often the particle “zhe” is so easily removed from a sentence that no one notices its absence.

You need to know the spelling of these words.