All phrasal verbs in English. Phrasal verbs in English

Many phrasal verbs are ambiguous: pick up chicks - 1) pick up chickens from the floor, 2) “pick up” girls.

Phrasal verbs in English (phrasal verbs) is a problematic topic, like or, and problematic not only for beginners. One of the difficulties associated with them is which phrasal verbs to learn first.

What are phrasal verbs?

A phrasal verb is a combination of a verb and 1) an adverb, 2) a preposition, 3) an adverb and a preposition. This is an integral semantic unit that should be perceived as one word, and not a combination of words. Often the meaning of a phrasal verb is far from the meaning of each word included in it individually.

1. Verb + adverb:

I asked around but no one has seen Johnny. - I asked people, but no one saw Johnny.

2. Verb + preposition:

The movie is coming out this summer. - Movie comes out this summer.

3. Verb + adverb + preposition:

We are looking forward to your reply. - We We're looking forward to it your answer.

It is also sometimes said that a phrasal verb consists of a verb and one or two particles, meaning by particles a preposition and an adverb.

Features of phrasal verbs

It is important to understand that a phrasal verb is a word, and not a combination of two or three words, that is, its meaning is not equal to the sum of the meanings of the words included in it.

Let's take a phrasal verb go out. Individually the words mean the following: go- go, out- out, out. It can be assumed that go out- this is “coming out from somewhere.” In fact go out- this is going somewhere for a walk, having fun.

Sheila is going to go out with her college friends tonight. – Sheila is going out tonight go somewhere with friends from college.

Moreover, go out with in a certain context it is dating someone, being in a romantic relationship.

Sheila is still going out with Daniel. – Sheila is still meets with Daniel.

Another difficulty with phrasal verbs is that they are often ambiguous (just like ordinary words). At the verb go out There is another meaning, which, however, is less common in colloquial speech:

The lights go out at eleven. - Light turns off at eleven o'clock.

Combinations “verb + preposition” are not always a phrasal verb; there are also prepositional verbs (), such as depend on – depend on, be afraid of – be afraid of something. Their meaning can usually be guessed from the verb. I talked more about prepositions and the constructions in which they are used in this video:

Why you need to know phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs are very common in spoken language. Without understanding them, at least the basic ones, you will not understand native speakers well. By the way, non-native English speakers often avoid phrasal verbs, replacing them with one-word synonyms (“contuniue” instead of “go on”), so it is easier to communicate with them.

In general, to speak and express thoughts, many phrasal verbs are optional. Yes, they make speech livelier, more conversational, shorter, but often they can be replaced with synonyms or circumvented by expressing it in some other way. Phrasal verbs need to be known first of all in order to understand live speech.

How to learn phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs, like any words, can be taught in different ways: etc. - this is more a matter of personal preference rather than the effectiveness of a particular technique. The most important thing is that phrasal verbs need to be memorized, taking into account their context.

There are words, say, the names of household items, that are perfectly remembered without context. Microwave in any context microwave. This trick will not work with phrasal verbs; their meaning is clear only in context, and they are remembered much better when there is an example before your eyes. That is why I have prepared a list of phrasal verbs with examples - examples will help you understand and remember them better.

Another tip for memorizing phrasal verbs: don't be afraid of them. Yes, there are many of them, but they are often found in speech (in speech more often than in texts), so if you watch, listen to programs, talk, you will quickly learn the main verbs due to their frequency.

List: phrasal verbs with examples and translation + cards

The list I offer is based on common sense and personal experience These are the phrasal verbs that I think are most useful to know. Below you will also find a short summary of this list of just 30 words. Abbreviations smb And smt stand for somebody(someone) and something(something). I have written more detailed articles about some verbs with phrasal verbs, idioms, useful expressions, you will find links below.

In addition, I recommend you video lessons and exercises on Puzzle English. There is a series of lessons on phrasal verbs, and in the exercises you need to assemble sentences by choosing the right words.

Exercises on phrasal verbs in Puzzle English

Ask

• ask smb out- invite you on a date

John asked Nancy out to (for) dinner. – John invited Nancy for lunch.

Did that nice young man ask you out?- This nice young man asked you out on a date?

• ask around– ask people, ask a question to several people

I asked around but nobody knew how to find that hotel. - I asked people, but no one knows how to find this hotel.

What? Sorry, I haven’t seen your cat. Ask around. - What? Sorry, I didn't see your cat. Ask people.

Be

• be after- try to get something, find something

What are you after in that room? There's nothing in there. - What you trying to find in this room? There's nothing here.

I don't know what he is after. - I don’t know what he needs.

• be away (to somewhere)– to be absent, to be in another place

The Johnson's were away all last week to Mexico. – The Johnson family all last week was away in Mexico.

• be on/off– be on, off (about the device)

Is the robot still on?– The robot is still is it on?

The lights are off in the building. – Light in the building off.

Blow

• blow up- explode

Cars don't blow up like they do in movies. - Cars are not explode like in the movies.

Break

• break up– to separate (about lovers)

Jack and Helen broke up finally. – Jack and Helen finally broke up.

• break down– to break down (for example, about a car)

Can you give me a ride? My car broke down. -Can you give me a ride? My car broke.

• break in- break in

The police broke in and arrested everyone. – Police broke in and everyone was arrested.

• break out- escape, escape

The movie is about a guy who broke out of jail. - A film about a guy, escaped from prison.

Bring

• bring along- bring someone with you

He brought along his son to the football match. - He brought with him son to a football match.

• bring over- bring something to someone, take something with you

Jack brought over a new videogame and we played it together. – Jack brought with me a new video game and we played it together.

• bring up– 1) mention something in a conversation, raise a topic, 2) educate, raise children

I didn't want to bring up business at lunch. - I didn't want to mention about business at lunch.

His grandmother brought him up.- His raised grandmother.

Call

• call (smb) back– call back

I’ve been to ten job interviews, you know what they all said? We'll call you back. – I went to ten interviews, do you know what they all told me? We will help you We'll call you back.

• call by- come in for a while, visit

I wanted to call by on my way home. - I wanted come in to you on the way home.

Calm

• calm (smb) down- calm down, calm someone down

Calm down, everything is going to be just fine. – Calm down everything will be just fine.

The nurse came up to the little girl and calmed her down. – The nurse approached the little girl and calmed her down.

Chip

• chip in- chip in money

I'm gonna order a pizza, let's chip in. - I'll order pizza, let's go Let's chip in.

They each chipped in ten dollars to buy a present. - They all chipped in$10 each to buy a gift.

Count

• count on (rely on)- rely on someone

You can count on my friend, he always keeps his word. – You can rely on to my friend, he always keeps his word.

Check

• check in/out- check in, check out of a hotel

We checked in on Saturday, and we check out on Tuesday. - We let's settle down(at the hotel) on Saturday, and let's move out on Tuesday.

• check with= agree with someone, get approval

He doesn't need to check with his wife to make sure they don’t have other plans. - He needs consult (agree) with his wife to make sure they had no other plans.

Come

• come across (run across)- to stumble upon something, someone, to meet by chance

I came across my ex-wife in the grocery store. - I accidentally came across at his ex-wife at the grocery store.

• come back- come back

He's gone. But he promised to come back. - He left. But he promised return.

• come up to smb/smt- approach someone or something

She came up to me and asked if I was lost. - She came up to me and asked if I was lost.

• come up with smt- come up with a solution, find an idea

And then all of a sudden Mary came up with her brilliant plan. “And then all of a sudden Mary came up with it your brilliant plan.

Just come up with something. - Just come up with anything (solution).

• come from- to be from somewhere

Where do you come from? – Where You?

She comes from Spain. - She from Spain.

• come off– fall off

Old paint has come off the wall. – Old paint fell off from the wall.

• come out– 1) come out (about a film, book) 2) open up (about a secret)

When is your new book coming out? - When comes out your new book?

It came out that the picture was fake. – It turned out that the picture was fake.

• come over– come to someone (usually home)

My parents are gone for a business trip, come over. - My parents went on a business trip, come to me.

• Come on!– an expression with meanings: 1) come on! (encouraging) 2) let's go! hurry up! 3) stop it already! (well that's enough for you, come on)

Come on, guys, you can do it! – Let's, guys, you can do it!

Come on, we need to hurry. – Went, we need to hurry.

Oh, come on, dad, I know there is no Santa. - Dad, well that's enough for you, I know there is no Santa.

• come around– 1) visit, stop by, 2) come to your senses after losing consciousness

I live just across the street, come around some time. - I live across the street come in somehow.

He was unconscious but the doctor made him come around. - He was unconscious, but the doctor brought him to his senses.

Cut

• cut down on smt– 1) cut back, reduce the consumption of something

We'll have to cut down on water if we want to last until help arrives. - We'll have to reduce consumption water if we want to hold out until help arrives.

The gevernment is going to cut down on defense spending. – The government is meeting cut costs on defense.

• cut smt off– 1) cut something off, 2) isolate

Why did you cut the sleeves off?- Why do you cut off sleeves?

On this island, we are cut off from the rest of the world. - On this island we cut off from the rest of the world.

• cut smt out- cut something out

She cut out his picture from the magazine. - She cut out his photo from a magazine.

• cut in (front of smb)– cut off with a car, suddenly wedge in front of another car

The green Ford cut in front of us as if he owned the road! – Green Ford cut us off as if it were his road!

Deal

• deal with smt/smb- conduct business

I prefer to deal with the same representative each time. – I prefer every time conduct business with the same representative.

Dress

• dress up (as smb/smt)- to dress up, to dress beautifully or formally, to change into someone or something

You don't have to dress up to go to the mall, jeans and a T-shirt a fine. – You don’t need dress up for a shopping center, jeans and a T-shirt will do.

Ellie dressed up as a witch for Halloween. – Ellie dressed up as a witch for Halloween.

End

• end up- to end up in some place or situation

That's how I ended up in small this town. - That's how I am in the end it turned out in this city.

After such a brilliant career, he ended up selling second hand cars. – After such a brilliant career, he eventually became used car dealer.

Fall

• fall down- fall

My cat fell down from the balcony, but it’s ok. – My cat fell from the balcony, but he's fine.

• fall for smb- fall in love

Mike fell for Jane. – Mike fell in love in Jane.

• fall for smt- buy into a trick, believe in a deception

That's a stupid story, my wife will never fall for it.- This is a stupid story, my wife. never do this buy it.

• fall apart- fall apart

If we are talking about a person, then fall apart - it’s hard to experience something

How are you going to sell your house? It's falling apart. – How are you going to sell your house? He's the same is falling apart.

After losing my job, I was falling apart. - After I lost my job, I was not himself(I was having a hard time).

• fall behind– to lag behind

To fall behind both physically, while moving, and figuratively, for example, behind schedule.

One of the tourists fell behind and got lost. - One of the tourists lagged behind and got lost.

We have to hurry, we are falling behind the schedule. - We need to hurry, we we're falling behind from the schedule.

Fill

• fill in/out– fill out (form)

There will be a lot of paperwork, you’ll have to read, fill in, sign hundreds of documents. - There will be a lot of paperwork, you will have to read, fill out sign hundreds of documents.

• find out / figure out- find out, find out

I don’t’ know how it works but let’s figure it out. – I don’t know how it works, but let’s do it let's find out(we'll figure it out).

How did you find out where to find me? - How are you? found out where can you find me?

Get

• get along with- to get along with someone, to be in good relations

In school, I didn't get along with my classmates. - I'm at school didn't get along with classmates.

• get through- call by phone

I called you twice but couldn’t get through. - I called you twice, but I couldn’t get through.

• get in- get into the car.

Hey, we gotta hurry! Get in! - Hey, we need to hurry! Get in the car!

He didn’t see the truck coming when we was getting in his car. “He didn’t see the truck coming when sat down into the car.

• get on– board a train, plane, ship, bus

I am afraid, we got on the wrong train. - I'm afraid that we sat down on the wrong train.

• get off– 1) get off transport (car, train, bus, etc.), 2) get off, take off something

I'm getting off here, see you later! - I'm here I'm going out see you!

Get your feet off my table! – Take it away your feet off my table!

• get up/down– rise, stand up/fall, bend down

The boxer got up and continued to fight. – Boxer got up and continued the fight.

When something exploded got down, but it was just a firework. - When something exploded, I crouched down but it was just fireworks.

• get away (with smt)- to avoid punishment for something

How to get away with murder. - How avoid punishment for murder.

• get over– 1) get over an obstacle, 2) cope with a problem, illness

The cat is so fat that it can’t get over a fence. - This cat is so fat that you can’t climb over through the fence.

If you have a problem, you have to get over it. – If you have a problem, you have to deal with it cope with.

Give

• give up– 1) give up, 2) stop doing something

Fight and never give up. - Fight and never give up.

I gave up smoking. - I quit(stop) smoking.

• give smt away– 1) to give away a secret, 2) to give away, to give away (for free)

Someone gave your little secret away.- Someone told about your little secret.

The are giving away some unsold stuff. - They hand out some unsold items.

• give back– return

You took my phone! Give it back!– You took my phone! Give it back his!

• give out– give away, usually free of charge and a large number people

You can't just give out the candies, they are one dollar each. -You can't just do that distribute candies, they cost a dollar apiece.

Go

• go on (with smt)- continue doing something

Go on, please, I’m listening. – Carry on please, I'm listening.

After a short pause, Jane went on with her story. – After a short pause Jane continued your story.

• go out- go somewhere to have fun, take a walk

I go out with my friends every Friday night. - I I'm going somewhere with friends every Friday evening.

• go out with smb– dating someone, being in a romantic relationship

Are you still going out with Bob? -Are you still dating with Bob?

• go with– approach, combine, go towards something (about clothes, food)

These shoes don't go well with your pants. - These shoes are bad combine with your trousers.

What wine goes with fish? – What kind of wine? fits to the fish?

• go back to- return to some activity

We went back to work after a short break. - We are back back to work after a short break.

• go down/up– shrink/increase

Are you expecting the prices to go down? Normally, they only go up.– Do you expect prices will they fall? Usually they only grow.

• go without smt- get by, cope without something

This time you'll have to go without my help. - This time you'll have to get by without my help.

Hand

• hand out- distribute to a group of people

Hand out the invitations to everyone. – Give it away invitations to everyone.

• hand in– hand in (e.g. homework)

You have to hand in your essay by Monday. – You must pass essay by Monday.

Grow

• grow up- grow up, become an adult

When I grow up, I want to be a doctor. – I want to become a doctor when I'll grow up.

• grow back- grow back, grow back

Don’t worry about your haircut, it’ll grow back. – Don't worry about your haircut, hair will grow back.

• grow out of smt- to grow out of something, to become too big or too old for it

My kids grew out of the clothes I had bought just a few months ago. – My children grew out of clothes, which I bought just a few months ago.

I grew out of cartoons. - I have already too old for cartoons.

Hang

• hang in- hold on, don’t lose heart

Hang in there! We're coming to rescue you. – Hold on! We are coming to help.

• hang out- hang out with someone, spend time

I'm gonna hang out with my friends today. - I'm going today hang out with friends.

• hang up- hang up, end the phone conversation

Wait! Don't hang up!- Wait! Don't hang up!

Note: pick up – pick up the phone.

Hold

• hold on– 1) please wait, 2) don’t give up, hold on

Hold on, I forgot my phone. – Wait, I forgot my phone.

Hold on, guys, help is coming. – Hold on guys, help is on the way.

• hold it against smb- hold a grudge against someone

He lied to me but I don’t hold it against him.- He lied to me, but I I don't hold it against him for this.

• hold back- restrain physically

A seven nation army couldn’t hold me back. – The army of seven nations (countries) could not contain.

Hurry

• hurry up- hurry

You have to hurry up,we are almost late. – You need hurry, we're almost late.

Keep

• keep (on) doing smt- continue doing something

Instead of “doing” you can take another verb.

Keep on stirring until it boils. – Keep stirring until it boils.

Keep going, keep going. – Forward, forward(let's go, let's go).

• keep smt from smb- keep something secret from someone

You can't keep your death from your family. – You can’t hide your illness from family.

• keep smt/smb out– don’t let anyone get close, don’t enter, don’t let in

You should keep your dog out of my lawn. - You feel better hold your dog further away from my lawn.

Keep your hands out of me! – Hold your hands from me further away!

Let's

• let smb down- let down

Don’t worry, you can rely on me, I won’t let you down.- Don't worry, you can rely on me. I don't want you I'll let you down.

• let smb in- let in, let in

Guy, let me in, it's cold out there! - Guys, let me in me, it's cold there!

Log

• log in/out– log in/out of your account (on the Internet), log in/log out

How can I log in if I forgot my password? - How can I log in, what if I forgot my password?

Log out first, then log in again and check if the game works. – Come out from the account, come in again and check if the game works.

Look

• look for- search

I am looking for a post office. - I looking for post office.

• look forward to- look forward to something

We are looking forward to your next visit. - We and We're looking forward to it your next visit.

We are looking forward to visiting you. - We We're looking forward to it when we visit you.

• look after- to keep an eye on, to keep an eye on

Can you look after my stuff, please? I'll be right back. - Could you please look after my things please? I'll be right back.

• look up– find information (usually in a book)

I don't know this word look it up in the dictionary. - I don’t know this word look in the dictionary.

• look out- to be afraid of something

Typically used as an exclamation “Look out!” - “Beware!”

Look out! Someone's coming! – Beware! Someone's coming!

Make

• make smt up- to invent, to lie about something

I had to make up a story about why I was late. - I had to compose the story of why I was late.

I told you she made it up!- I told you that she is all this I made it up!

• make out- kiss passionately and for a long time

Jack cought his girlfriend making out with his friend. – Jack found his girlfriend, kissing with his friend.

Move

• move in (to)– settle into a new home, move in

We moved in yesterday and know no one here. - We moved came here yesterday and we don’t know anyone here.

I'm going to move in to my friend's place. - I'm going move to to a friend.

• move away (to)- leave somewhere, move out of housing

The Patterson's have moved away, but I can give your their new address. – The Pattersons moved out(moved), but I can give you their new address.

I was born in Germany but we moved away to England, when I was a kid. – I was born in Germany, but we moved to England when I was a child.

• move on- move from one thing to another, move on

I think we've talked enough about it, let's move on. - I think we've talked about this enough, let's already further(let's move on to another topic).

I want to change my job, I need to move on. – I want to change my job, I need move on.

Pass

• pass away- go to another world, die

Pass away is the formal, most polite and cautious synonym for the word die (to die).

My grandfather passed away when I was ten. – My grandfather left us when I was ten.

• pass by- pass, pass by and not stop

We were passing by the City Hall, when Ann saw Harry in the street. - We passed by City Hall when Anne saw Harry on the street.

• pass out– lose consciousness

It was hot in the church and an old lady passed out. – It was hot in the church, and the elderly woman fainted.

Note: come round - come to your senses.

Pay

• pay smb back- repay a debt, repay

Morgan bought me a ticket, but I haven’t paid him back yet. Morgan bought me a ticket, but I haven’t yet. returned give him money.

• pay off– pay off

Your effort will pay off. – Your works will pay off.

Pick

• pick up– 1) pick up from the floor, 2) pick up the phone, 3) “pick up”, “pick up” (about getting to know each other)

Have you just dropped a cigarette on the ground? Pick it up!“Did you just throw a cigarette on the ground?” Lift it up!

It’s my boss calling, don’t’ pick it up. - This is my boss calling. don't pick up the phone.

“He came home with a girl he had picked up in a bar.” – “You mean she had picked him up?”- “He came home with a girl whom picked up at the bar.” - “You mean which one is his caught it?”

Play

• play along (with smb)- play along

Jim played along with Ron, when he said he was a movie producer. – Jim played along Ron when he said he was a film producer.

Don't worry, just play along ok? - Don't worry, just play along Fine?

• play around (fool around)- fool around

Aren't you too big boys for playing around? - Aren't you guys too big to fool?

The teacher was angry because we were fooling around. – The teacher got angry because we were fooling around.

Pull

• pull over- stop the car by the road, on the side of the road

We pulled over to check our tires. - We stopped by the road to check the wheels.

• pull oneself together- pull yourself together, pull yourself together

Come on pull yourself together,we have to work. - Come on already, get yourself together we need to work.

Put

• put on– put on

Put your hat on. – Put it on hat.

Put on your seat belts. – Buckle up(put on) your seat belts.

Run

• run away- run away

Tell me that funny story how you early away from a dog. – Tell them this funny story about how you ran away from the dog.

• run for- to catch up, to run after something

I lost my wallet when was running for a bus. - I lost my wallet when ran for by bus.

• run across / run into smb (come across)- accidentally bump into someone

Ron ran across his teacher, miss Smith, in the park when he was supposed to be at school. – Ron I came across it by accident at his teacher, Miss Smith, in the park when he was supposed to be at school.

• run around- be very busy, do a lot of things

After running around all day, James is too tired to play with his kids. - After he minded business all day, James is too tired to play with the children.

• run on smt– to work on something (about a source of energy)

Does this bus run on gas or electricity? – This bus works for gasoline or electricity?

• run over smt/smb- move by car

The deer was ran over by a car. – Deer moved car.

Set

• set smt up– 1) arrange, organize, 2) substitute

Can you set up a meeting with him? – You can arrange will I meet him?

The police have set him up. They put some drugs in his pocket. - Police him framed They planted drugs in his pocket.

Note: the word “police” in the meaning of “police officers” is plural, not singular, so it is “police have”, not “police has”.

Show

• show off- to brag, to show off

He bought the most expensive guitar to show off to his friends. - He bought the most expensive guitar so that grab in front of friends.

• show up- appear, come

Show up is usually to come unexpectedly or late, like “show up” in Russian. Often used when someone was expected, but he never came.

We’ve been waiting for him for an hour but he didn't show up. “We waited for him for an hour, but he didn't come.

He showed up in the middle of the night. - He showed up in the middle of the night.

Sleep

• sleep over- spend the night at someone's house

It’s too late to go back home, why don’t you sleep over? - It's too late to go home, why don't you stay overnight?

Can I sleep over at my friend's house? – Can I spend the night at a friend's house?

Slow

• slow down– reduce speed

The car slowed down passing us by. - Car slowed down, passing by us.

Shut

• shut (smt/smb) up- shut up, shut up

Hey, shut up, I can't hear anything. - Hey, shut up I don't hear anything.

Somebody shut this alarm up.- Someone shut up already this alarm.

Sign

You are not supposed to write the best essay ever, but it has to stand out. – You don't have to write the best essay of all time, but it should do something differ.

The tourist guide was wearing an orange jacket so that he stood out in a crowd. – The guide was wearing an orange vest to stand out in the crowd.

Stick

• stick to smt- stick to something

You can’t lose weight if you don’t stick to the diet. – You won’t be able to lose weight if you don’t stick to diets.

Phrasal verbs are a dark horse in English. Teachers do not like to explain this topic, justifying themselves by saying that “it is not so necessary.” Meanwhile, if you know phrasal verbs, your English will certainly improve. Let's try to help with this. Since the topic is large, the article will be divided into two parts. In the first, we will open the door to the world of these mysterious verbs, tell you what is there, why and how. In the second part there will be many, many examples and secrets of effective memorization.

Part one, in which we get acquainted with phrasal verbs

If you ask the average English speaker what phrasal verbs are, they will shrug their shoulders. This is a term that appeared precisely in the context of learning a foreign language. For the English, there are simply verbs, some of which are used in conjunction with short parts of speech - adverbs or prepositions.

For simplicity these short words we will sometimes call them particles.

For example, there is the verb put. And there is its use with numerous particles - on, off, down, across, back and so on. The meaning is different in each case.

That is, phrasal English verbs are verbs that consist of two parts:

1. Actually, verb 2. Particle

The particle changes the meaning of the verb, sometimes beyond recognition:

Break- break
Break in- break in

Somebody broke in last night and stole my jewelry.
Last night someone broke in and stole my jewelry.

Give- give
Give up- give up

Don't give up, because you have friends.
Don't give up, because you have friends. Sometimes, knowing the translation of the verb and particle separately, you can guess the meaning of the phrasal verb:

Sit- sit down, down- down

Sit down- sit down

Let's- let, in- V

Let's in- let in

Let the cat in, please.
Let the cat in, please.

And sometimes it is impossible to guess the meaning the first time you encounter a phrasal verb:

Let's- let, down- down. But the phrase “allow down” makes no sense.

Let's down- let down

Don't let me down this time.
Don't let me down this time.

Phrase natives and non-phrase conquerors

Phrasal verbs are a very old phenomenon in English. They were already found in the most ancient written sources. At first their meanings were literal - direction of movement, place, position of objects in space:

Unlike short adverbs, prepositions show not only the location of objects in space, but also the relationship between the verb and the object.

The story of one particle

Over time, the meanings of phrasal verbs have been modified. The relationship between verb and particles became increasingly complex. Particles no longer meant only physical movement somewhere, but also allegorical movement, and much more.

For example, adverb out. British scientists followed its evolution, and this is what they saw:

• In the ninth century out meant only movement from inside to outside:

  Walk out - go out
  Ride out - go out

• By the fourteenth century out already expressed the idea of ​​something audible:

  Cry out - shout out
  Call out - call

• A hundred years later, another meaning was added - erasing something from the face of the earth:

  Die out - die out
  Burn out - burn out

• In the sixteenth century, new meanings appeared: to distribute, to distribute:

  Pass out - distribute
  Parcel out - divide into parts

• In the nineteenth century out already used with verbs meaning “to remove something from something”

  Rinse out - wash, rinse
  Clean out - to clean

Needless to say, it was a powerful means of language development. But in 1066 something terrible happened. England was conquered by Normandy, led by William the Conqueror (it was not for nothing that he had such a nickname). The English language was literally in disgrace for about one hundred and fifty years. It began to be considered the language of the common people. Can you imagine this now? Neither do we. People who considered themselves cultured spoke French.

It was indecent to say, for example, make up(do). After all, there was a “cultural” French fabriquer with the same meaning. This is how it appeared English verb to fabricate.

Phrasal verbs of the English language with translation and their synonyms come from France:

This is why phrasal verbs usually have non-phrasal synonyms. Until now, phrasal verbs are more often found in colloquial speech than in literary speech. Of course, now the division is no longer so strict. Many phrasal verbs are used so often that you hear them literally everywhere, see them in books, not to mention films and TV shows. That is, we cannot say in any way: don’t learn phrasal verbs, you can do without them. You'll get by, but you'll just sound very unnatural. Your interlocutors will constantly have the feeling that a time machine has been invented, and you have just stepped out of it.

More phrasal verbs and their more literary analogues:

How to learn to speak using phrasal verbs?

So, you've decided to get closer to the English people and decorate your speech with native phrasal verbs so as not to sound like a snob. It can be difficult. There are two reasons:

1. Most often at school or college we are taught book variants of verbs. Only then, if we're lucky, do we come across some phrases and learn their translation. It happens that students don’t even realize they exist until they reach the intermediate level.
2. Even if you know about the existence of such structures, it is easy to confuse the particles or place them in the wrong place. Therefore, application in speech is hampered by the banal fear of error.

The first problem has been dealt with: now you know that this phenomenon exists in the English language, and it occupies a very important place.

And in order to kill fear, you just need to find out what structures there are and learn to navigate them.

So, there are five main designs:

1. Verb + adverb
2. Verb + adverb + object
3. Verb + object + adverb
4. Verb + preposition + object
5. Verb + adverb + preposition + object

1. Verb + adverb. The first combination is the simplest and shortest:

   

   Otherwise, phrasal verbs of this type are called intransitive, that is, the action does not move from the verb to some object.

   The plane will take off on time - the plane will take off on time
   My computer broke down - my computer is broken

2. Verb + adverb + object. If we add an object to the previous construction - that is, what the action of the verb is directed at - we get the second type:

   

   Such phrasal verbs are called transitional. The action does not end with the verb, but moves on to some object.

3. Verb + object + adverb: You can insert an object between a verb and an adverb:

   

   Sometimes it is possible to insert an object either before or after an adverb, and the meaning will not change either way:

   

   But there are cases when an object should only be in a certain place:

   • If the object is very long, or there is a semantic emphasis on it, there is a tendency not to break the phrasal verb:

     Wash out the aluminum glass-topped coffee pot.
     Wash that aluminum coffee pot with the glass lid.

   • If the direct object is a gerund (ending in ing), the phrasal verb is not broken:

     give up smoke ing- quit smoking
     keep on talking ing- keep talking
     put off decid ing- postpone the decision
     take up danc ing- start dancing

   • If the object is a pronoun, it is always inserted between the verb and the particle:

     wash it out(you can’t say: wash out it)
     blow it up
     take it off
     put them on
     hand it in

   • Many phrasal verbs are traditionally used in the same form:

     Let's off steam- let off steam
     Put up a good fight- fight for something
     Keep your shirt on- keep yourself in control
     Cry your eyes out- cry your eyes out
     Blow someone's head off- blow someone's head off

4. Verb + preposition + object.

   This is similar to a verb + adverb + object construction. But, unlike an adverb, a preposition serves to connect a verb with an object. The word order here is always clear. This order is similar to Russian in sentences with prepositions. In Russian we can say the phrase "I count on friends", where “I count on” is a verb, “on” is a preposition, and “friends” is an object. You can't tell "I count friends on".

   It's the same in English. You can say:

   I count on my friends
   I head for home,

   but you can't:

   I count my friends on,
   I head home for.

5. Verb + adverb + preposition + object.

   This formula combines the first and fourth structures. Let's look at examples:

   

   It is curious that in phrasal verbs the adverb or preposition always appears after verb. And in nouns that were formed from these verbs, the adverb is almost always in front.

   

   Part two, in which we make friends with phrasal verbs

   You can be friends with them in different ways.

   One of them is to learn phrasal verbs in English not separately, but with the help of daisies. Not real ones, of course, but drawn ones, where the core is a phrasal verb, and the petals are phrases in which it can be used. Or instead of petals there could be planets that revolve around the sun - whatever you prefer.

   Yes, for calm down(calm down, calm down), we have four phrases:

   1. Tea calms me down immediately. Tea instantly calms me down.

   2. Count down to calm down. To calm down, count backwards.

   3. Ways to calm yourself down. Ways to calm down.

   4. Calm your baby down. Calm your child.

   We place calm down to the center of the planetary system. Here's what we got:

   

   Phrasal verbs in English, the list of which will be very, very long, cannot be taught one by one. Speech consists of phrases, and individual words have little meaning. Therefore, teaching them with companions is easier and more effective.

   You can find “companions” on the Internet, overhear them in TV series, or copy them from a magazine, or even from a textbook - any trusted source is good. Phrases can be anything: long, short, frequently used or rare, but interesting to you personally.

   One more " solar system» - clean up(clean, wash).

   1. Let's clean up! Let's clean up!

   2. Spring litter clean-up
   (this is a phrasal noun, but it’s also useful). Spring garbage collection.

   3. Clean up the mess! Clean up the mess!

   4. It's properly cleaned up. It is well washed.

   

   An additional advantage of this method is that you see the word used in different grammatical forms. Not only in the infinitive, but also in the past tense, passive voice, third person, and so on.

   The second way is to distribute phrasal verbs by topic.

   Today we have chosen five topics:

   1. Love and feelings (where would we be without them);
   2. Internet and computer (you can’t go anywhere without this);
   3. Food;
   4. Sports and physical activity;
   5. Study.

   Love and feelings

   So, if you want to start a romantic relationship with someone, then you have so many ways to say it using phrasal verbs. If you

   have your eye on someone- have your eye on someone,

   you can start

   hit on him/her- flirt with him or her,

   chat up- start a conversation to get to know each other,

   ask him/her out- invite him/her on a date.

   If you are not very good at it yet

   pick up- seduce,

   and you were refused, there is an option

   run after him/her- “run” after him/her, that is, try to attract attention(although we don't recommend doing this).

   Well, if you had a relationship, but for some reason it didn’t work out, you can always

   Break up with him/her- break up with him or her.

   Almost all phrasal verbs in the English language are used in songs. Well, songs about love are their inexhaustible source. Can you figure out where the phrasal verbs are hidden?

   I know you ain't in love with him, break up with him.
   I know you're not in love with him, break up with him.

   I got to ask her out before I get too old.
   I have to ask her out before I get old.

   He runs after a girl until he"s caught.
   He runs after the girl until he himself is caught.

   Internet and computer

   Many phrases in this topic involve the verb to go. It doesn’t have any meanings - enable, log in, gain access, use something...

   

   Whenever I go on a computer, the first thing I open is the website and YouTube.

   When I sit down at the computer, the first thing I do is go to the website and YouTube.

   More useful words:

   Sign up- subscribe
   Print off (out)- print
   Set up- install
   Type in- print, enter (for example, in the input line)
   Plug into- connect
   Filter out- filter (for example, spam)

   No doubt you've encountered at least some of them on the World Wide Web, reading something like the following:

   Sign up to see photos and videos from your friends.
   Subscribe to see photos and videos of your friends.

   Do I have to print out the e-tickets?
   Do I need to print out e-tickets?

   Plug the keyboard into your computer.
   Connect your keyboard to your computer.

   Food

   Are you hungry? No problem, let's cook something.

   Open up the fridge- open the refrigerator.

   Get out of there everything that is bad.

   Cut everything up- cut everything,
   add in some spices of your choice- add spices to taste,
   fry it up- fry it. Don't forget on time
   turn it over- turn over.

   Was it not very tasty? If you don't

   full up- ate,

   then there is only one way out -

   eat out- eat out.

   The main thing when you sit in a restaurant is not to suddenly remember what you forgot

   turn off the oven- turn off the oven.

   Sports and physical activity

   After eating, you can stretch a little. So to speak,

   work off- work out those delicacies that were eaten in a restaurant.

   And in general, it would be nice

   get rid of- get rid of from several kilograms.

   Do you like to work out? Do you enjoy working out?

   To begin with, you definitely need

   warm up- warm up.
   Spread out your arms - extend your arms to the sides.
   Bend down your knees - bend your knees,
   jump your feet apart- jump, spread your legs wide and
   jump your feet together- collect your legs with a jump.
   Go on jumping - keep jumping.

   Fine. Now

   cool down- take a hitch, cool down.
   Stretch up- do some stretching.

   If you're bored of studying alone, you can

   Join in- join, join a running club.

   Then maybe someday you

   take part- take part in the marathon. Over time you
   bulk up- gain muscle mass.

   Studies

   We know that you, our readers, are constantly learning. Maybe in order to

   sail through the exams- pass exams successfully, not
   scrape through them- hand them over somehow

   and don't let the teachers

   mark you down- lower your rating.

   Maybe you are gnawing on the granite of science in order to

   to get into a good university- enroll in good university to be able
   major in- specialize in what you like and, over time,
   leave behind- overtake everyone else.

   You are passionate about studying English. You

   write down- write down new words,
   skim through- look through articles about English grammar,
   go over- learn irregular verbs and idioms.

   Keep it up! Main,

   Don't ever give up- never give up! And you will succeed.

   Now GET a bonus!

   Finally, a little about the word get. This is not a very familiar word to us. Meanwhile, this is a great injustice, because it can be used for literally everything. No, really, if you have forgotten all the phrasal verbs of the English language, and non-phrasal ones too, say get, and you will be understood. Yes, this is the very word for “any unclear situation”:

   How did you get here? - How did you come here?

   I don't get you, could you explain? - I don’t understand you, could you explain?

   Get some beer with you - Take some beer with you.

   Noticed that get goes instead of arrive, understand, take? And these are just some of the meanings. And what about phrasal verbs? get forms visible-invisible. Today we will introduce you to some of them.

   

   Get by
   Coping with difficulty
   I will get by with a little help from my family.
   I will get through this with a little help from my family.

   Get along
   Be on good terms with someone.
   My sister and I get along well.
   My sister and I have a good relationship.

   Get at
   Hint.
   What are you getting at?
   What are you hinting at?

   Get ahead
   To get ahead of someone, to make progress in some area compared to others.
   He has done everything to get ahead of his colleagues.
   He did everything to get ahead of his colleagues.

   Get into
   1. Get carried away with something;
   2. Enroll, get (into an educational institution)

   I got into piano playing again.
   I started to get interested in playing the piano again.
   What if I don’t get into any university?
   What if I don't get into university?

   Get away
   1. Go on vacation/vacation;
   2. Hide, run away.

   I love to get away on summer breaks.
   I love going somewhere in the summer.
   The thieves couldn't get away in broad daylight.
   The thieves couldn't escape in broad daylight.

Phrasal verbs are stable combinations of verbs with prepositions or adverbs. They resemble short phrases, and their meaning may not correspond to the literal translation of the verbs themselves and depends on the context.

English phrasal verbs cannot be ignored in order to understand modern colloquial speech. For example: let's connect the verb come= to come, to arrive with prepositions in= in, back= back, out= from, outside, up= up, by= about, by and adverb over= over. We get the following directions of action:

Some translations are quite literal and easy to understand and remember. Others are idiomatic, here it is worth turning on your imagination, making associations, making narrative, interrogative, emotionally charged sentences with them. You can choose synonyms for them of Latin origin, for example: go on (continue) - continue (continue), to put off (put off) - to postpone (postpone).

Master verb forms in English you should gradually, starting with the most common ones, and also make an individual selection of your favorite phrases, and not mindlessly cram a huge list of words.

Phrasal verbs are divided into transitive, i.e., requiring a direct object after themselves without a preposition, and intransitive, which do not have a direct object after them without a preposition, into divisible and indivisible. Based on this, table of phrasal verbs in English might look like this:

Types of phrasal verbs in English
Transitional		Intransitive
divisible: verb + object + preposition	indivisible: verb + preposition
figure _ out (calculate, understand)	look after (look after)	go away (to leave)
ask _ out (invite)	care for (take care of)	give up (give up)
wake_up (to wake up)	take off (take off, leave)	hold on (continue)
put _ away (put off)	disagree with (disagree with)	go on (continue)
clean_up (clean up)	get over (get better)	hurry up (hurry up)
give _ away (give away)	tell on (to report on)	step aside (resign from position)

Examples with divisible phrasal verbs:

What should I do? I can't still figure it out! = What should I do? I still can't understand this!

I suppose he's going to ask me out on a date. = I think he's going to ask me out on a date.

Please, wake him out at 7 a.m. = Please wake him up at 7 am!

Forget it, put everything away and try to be happy! = Forget it, put everything aside and try to be happy!

I have been cleaning my room up since yesterday. = I have been cleaning the room since yesterday.

Here are your tests results. Please, give them away! = Here are your test results. Please give them away!

Examples with indivisible phrasal verbs:

She looks after my cat when I`m on holiday. = She looks after my cat when I'm on vacation.

Her kids are well cared for. She is a wonderful mother! Her children are well cared for. She is a wonderful mom!

The plane took off on time. = The plane took off on time.

If you behave like this, I will disagree with you! If you behave like this, I will not agree with you!

If you eat fresh fruits and vegetables, you`ll get over soon! If you eat fresh fruits and vegetables, you will soon get better!

In their society people tell on each other. = In their society, people inform on each other.

Examples with intransitive phrasal verbs:

Next morning he went away, and nobody saw him anymore. = The next morning he left and no one saw him again.

Don`t give up! We'll go through! = Don't give up! We will break through!

Hold on! I'll be in a second. = Stay on the line, I'll be there in a second.

Hurry up, I'm already hot! = Hurry up! I'm already hot!

He was old, but to step aside– that was out of the question. = He was old, but leaving his position was out of the question.

The Double You foreign language studio has compiled a list of common phrasal verbs that we would like to present to your attention.

Table of English Verb Forms

be back	come back
bring_up	educate
build_up	increase, build up
call in	drop by for a visit
call_off	cancel
call_up	call)
calm down	calm down
carry on	continue; carry hand luggage
check in	register
check out	check out, check out
cheer_up	cheer up, console
chill out	relax
count on_	rely on
do_over	redo
do_up	button up
dream_up	invent
eat in	eat at home
eat out	eat in the restaurant
fall out with _	argue
find_out	learn
get along with_	get along with
get around	drive around
get around_	avoid something
get behind	fall behind
get on with _	get along with someone
get over_	overcome
get through_	endure something
get through to _	call
get through with _	end with
get up	get up, rise
gift wrap	pack
give in	give in in an argument, fight
go out with	go on dates with
hang around	loiter around
hang out	hang out
hang up	hang, delay, linger
have_on	play out
keep away from	stay away from
keep up with	keep up with
let down	disappoint
lie down	go to bed
look down on	despise someone
look forward to	look forward to
look into	study
look like	be like
look up to _	respect smb.
make out	understand; cope
make_up	invent;
make up with _	make peace with
make up_	make up, paint
mix_up	confuse, confuse
move in	move in
move out	move out (from apartment)
pass out	lose consciousness
pass_out	give something away
pay_back	repay the debt
pick_up	pick something up
piss_off	annoy someone
pull on	put on (clothes)
put in	insert, interfere
put up with	put up with something
run across_	unexpectedly meet
run out of _	spend something fully
set_up	organize something
shop around	compare prices
show_off	brag about something
shut up	silence, shut up
sleep over	spend the night
sort_out	solve (problem)
stand up	get up
switch off/on	turn on/off
take off	take off (clothes)
take_up	get involved in something
tear_up	tear apart
think_over	ponder
try_on	try on something.
try_out	test
turn out	turn out to be
turn_down	make it quieter
turn_up	make it louder
turn up	appear
use up	spend something fully
work out	turn out
work_out	decide something
write down	write down on paper

Phrasal verbs have become very popular in modern English speech. If you want to understand modern English, then you cannot escape this topic. Native speakers use phrasal verbs very actively, and if you don’t know them, understand English speech will be problematic.

Phrasal verbs. Introduction

Verb → preposition

So

Verbs of motion → preposition

Go out/go in/come back

Very often, a phrasal verb can look like a combination of a verb of motion and a preposition. In this case, the preposition will indicate the direction of movement. This combination is very easy to understand and remember.

Accordingly, we can say:

geton,lookout,runaway,takeoff etc. These are all phrasal verbs.

Let's look at these connections:

Get on– get into transport (one of the many options for transferring this link). I got on the bus. – I got on the bus.

Look out- look from somewhere ( look- to look, but it is not clear where, an excuse out indicates that we are looking from somewhere). For example, you look out the window - you look out of the window.

Run away – run away ( run- run, away- go away) run away with me - let's run away with me.

Take off – take something off, take off clothes ( take- take, off- leave space take off- remove yourself) take off the socks - take off your socks.

Looking at these examples, you can intuitively guess how the copula is translated. We see that we have verbs that denote direction, and prepositions associated with this direction.

Let's look at some more examples (in these examples we will also use the verb of motion + preposition):

get out - you walk → We get out of the car. – We got out of the car;

go in - for walk , V walk → Go in one ear and out the other. “It went in one ear and out the other.” The British say so too.

Come on→ Come on! He is waiting for you. - Quicker! He's waiting for you.

Grow up→ What do you want to do when you grow up? – What will you do when you grow up?

Come back→ He won't come back to her - He will return to her.

Turn round→ He turned round and looked at me – He turned and looked at me.

We see that with verbs of motion everything is much simpler. In this case, the English preposition plays the role of a Russian prefix. For example, in Russian we speak at to go, and in English the role of the prefix “ y" will play pretext off, and as a result we get - drive off -at drive.

Here are some examples to get you started ( Please note that we do not translate the verb separately from the preposition).

Get on – we already know that one of the translation options for this very popular combination is to get into some type of transport. Now let's look at another situation.

How are you getting on? = How did you do? – How are you coping? In this sentence get on- cope with. This is not the last meaning of this link.

Look out- look out from somewhere. I look out of the room. - I look out of the room.

Here is another example where the same phrasal verb gives a completely different meaning.

Look out= be careful! Beware! Be careful!

Break down, break - break, down move down. What can you break down? Well, yes, it sounds strange. Let's see what it means in context. My skateboard broke down- My skateboard is broken.

Break up – break up.

They broke up yesterday. - They broke up yesterday.

Any phrasal verb only makes sense when it is used in context.

Phrasal verb → preposition

Sometimes a phrasal verb can be followed by another preposition, and then we get something like this: “Why did she run away from you. “Why did she run away from you?” And then we panic: “how to translate all this?”, “What do you mean, two prepositions after the verb?” But everything here is not as complicated as it seems at first glance.

We just have to understand that, most likely, the first preposition refers to the verb, and the second to the object, that is, away → run, from → you.

Each phrasal verb often has a synonym.

For example:

You can give up

You can stop smoking – you can quit smoking.

The same combination can have different meanings and perform different functions, it all depends on the situation and context.

For example:

• Some phrasal verbs are meaningless to use without an object. For example, I put out– I put it out. What did I put out? It is completely unclear what we are talking about. And now, in order to get a complete sentence with meaning, we must add an object. I put out a fire. - I put out the fire. Well, now everything has fallen into place.
• Based on whether the object is present or absent in the sentence, phrasal verbs can be divided into:
  • transitional ( phrasal verbs have object );
  • intransitive ( phrasal verbs Not require object and are independent).

Iturned off the computer.– I turned off the computer. If just I turned off- I included, then the phrase itself does not make sense, and, of course, in relation to the action, the question arises by itself.

This table gives examples of transitive and intransitive phrasal verbs.

Since a sentence with a phrasal verb can have an object (we already know that such verbs are called transitive), it is logical that this object should find its place in the sentence. Hence the question. Can the object break the connective and come between the verb and the preposition or can it only come after the phrasal verb. Yes, such a division is possible.

Therefore, phrasal verbs can be:

1. separable, most phrasal verbs can be separable object → these include transitive verbs (phrasal verb + object);
2. inseparable, cannot be separated object → these include all intransitive (phrasal verb without object) and some transitive verbs (phrasal verb + object).

Let's look at an example with a separable phrasal verb:

"You should give up this job.“You should give up this job.”

"You should give this job up».

In both cases, the connective is translated the same way, but here’s what’s interesting: since we perform an action on an object (the object is this job), then this object can come between the main verb and its preposition or not break at all. Even though the preposition came after the object, they still denote one indivisible concept; it continues to be a phrasal verb.

As a rule, there are two options for where the object will appear: after the phrasal verb or between the verb and the preposition. It depends on the speaker himself.

But if you replace object pronoun (it/them/me/he, etc.), then you must place the pronoun between two parts (between the verb and the preposition).

Let's look at the same example.

Should I give up this job? → Yes, you should give itup.

Will we pick up t he children? → Yes, let's pickthemup.

The pronoun will always come between the verb and the preposition.

Examples with unseparable phrasal verbs:

I came across the book by chance. – I accidentally came across this book.(You can't say: I came the book across)

I stayed up all night. – I didn’t sleep all night.(You can’t say: I stayed all night up.)

• Sometimes the same phrasal verb can be both transitive and intransitive.

Here is an example with a transitive phrasal verb.

My mother gave up smoking.– My mother quit smoking.

But here is the same phrasal verb, but in this example, it plays the role of an intransitive one.

Don't give up!- Don't give up!

Why is it so important to learn phrasal verbs? Since native English speakers always use such verbs in their speech, learning a language without these verbs makes no sense. And, of course, this has its advantages; we don’t need to know a huge number of words to express our thoughts.

Finally, let's review some phrasal verbs that will help you take the next test.

Verb	Translation
take off	take off
act out	conduct (dialogue)
wake up	wake up
be back	come back
carry on	continue
get up	get up
get off	get out (of the car)
get on	get on transport
turn off	turn off
turn on	include
look out	look from somewhere
run away	run away
go in	come in
grow up	grow up
turn round	turn
break up	part
check in	check in (at a hotel)
check out	check out, check out (from the hotel)
go away	leave
put down	put

Test

And now the test:

Time limit: 0

Navigation (job numbers only)

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Greetings, dear friend!

This test will help you consolidate the words and expressions learned in this article.

Execution time ~ 3-5 minutes.

Number of questions – 10

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If you have any questions, you can always ask our experts on our website.

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1. Task 1 of 10

   1 .

   Number of points: 1

   Mike […] his T-shirt. – Mike took off his shirt.

2. Task 2 of 10

   2 .

   Number of points: 1

   We should […] the train. - We must get on the train.

3. Task 3 of 10

   3 .

   Number of points: 1

   When I finished working on the computer, I […]. – When I finished working on the computer, I turned it off.

4. Task 4 of 10

   4 .

   Number of points: 1

   […] and don’t come back. - Go away and don’t come back.

1. ADD UP- make sense, converge, correspond

Her story didn’t add up, I think she was lying, it didn’t make sense“Her story didn’t add up, it seems to me she was cheating, it doesn’t make sense.”

2. BLOW UP- has three meanings: to inflate, to explode and to get angry

Please could you blow up those balloons?- Could you please blow up these balloons?

The building was blown up by a bomb— The building was blown up by a bomb

When I said I couldn't go to her party, she blew up— When I said that I couldn’t go to the party, she got angry
.

3. BRING UP- has two main meanings: to educate and to raise a question or some proposal in a conversation

Their grandparents brought them up because their parents were always traveling— Their grandparents raised them because their parents traveled constantly.

Your suggestion will be brought up at the next meeting.- Your proposal will be considered at the next meeting.

4. CALL OFF- recall, withdraw

The game was called off.- The game was postponed

Call off your dog, he’s biting my leg!- Get your dog away from me, he's biting my leg!

5. CARRY ON- two meanings: continue to do something and behave rudely, ugly

We must try to carry on as if nothing had happened.- We should try to act as if nothing happened.

The people upstairs were carrying on again last night, they had me quite worried.“My upstairs neighbors were arguing all night again, they were really bothering me.”

6. COME ACROSS- has several meanings, among which the main ones: to be perceived by someone, to come across (accidentally meet) someone or something

He comes across as someone who means what he says.“He seems to be one of those people who says what he thinks.”

I came across this old photograph in the back of the drawer.- I accidentally discovered this old photograph at the bottom of a box.

7. COME UP WITH- come up with

She came up with a great proposal for the new advertising campaign.

8. FALL APART- fall apart, literally and figuratively

This cup just fell apart in my hands.- This cup fell into pieces right in my hands.

We used to be good friends, but fell apart about a year ago.- We were very good friends, but about a year ago we separated.

Their marriage seems to be falling apart.- It seems their marriage is on the rocks.

9. GET ALONG- has many meanings: to get along with someone, to succeed, to leave, to grow old

Does he get along with his mother-in-law?- Does he find a common language with his mother-in-law?

How is your work getting along? How is your work going?

I think I’ll be getting along now, I want to be home quite early.- I think it's time for me to leave, I
I want to get home early.

Grandfather is getting along and doesn’t see too well any more.- Grandfather is getting old and has poor vision.

10. GET AWAY- leave, run away, hide, get away with it

You can't get away with it.- You won't get away with this.

The thieves managed to get away in a stolen car— The thieves managed to escape using a stolen car

11. GET OVER - overcome (for example, an illness, or an unpleasant feeling)

It always takes some time to get over the shock of someone's death.- When someone dies, it always takes a while for the shock to wear off.

I can’t get over your news, I would never have thought it possible!“I can’t get used to what you told me, I would never have thought that this was possible.”

12. GIVE UP- quit (meaning give up), refuse

I did want a holiday abroad, but we’ve had to give up the idea.- I really wanted to spend a holiday abroad, but we had to abandon this idea.

He is given up by the doctors.- The doctors refused him.

We had to give up the castle to the enemy.- We had to surrender the fortress to the enemy.

13. GO ON- continue, happen

We began work at 12 and went on till half-past one.- We started working at 12 and continued until half past two.

How is your work going on?- How is work going?

There’s a wedding going on at the church.- There is a wedding going on in the church now.

How long has this been going on?- How long has this been going on?

14.HOLD ON- hold on to something, wait by the phone, don’t give up

If a branch is near you, hold on until we can get a rope.- If there is a branch nearby, hold on to it until we find the rope.

Hold on!- Hold on!

Hold on, I shan’t be a minute.- Don't hang up, wait a minute.

15. LOOK AFTER- to look after, look after someone

Who will look after the children while you go out to work?- Who will look after the children while you are at work?

16. LOOK FORWARD TO- to look forward to, to be in anticipation

I'm looking forward to some warmer weather after this bitter winter.- I hope it will be warmer now, the winter has been so harsh.

Every year the children look forward to the holidays coming.- Every year children look forward to the holidays.

17. LOOK UP- look for something in a book/directory, improve (about things)

If you don’t know the meaning of a word, look it up in a good dictionary.- If you don’t know what a word means, look it up in a good dictionary.

Things are looking up.- The situation is improving.

18. MAKE OUT- make out/distinguish, understand, kiss a hickey

You can just make out the farm in the distance.- You can see a farm in the distance.

I can't make out the meaning of this poem.- I can’t understand the meaning of this poem.

The park was full of lovers making out on the grass.- The park was filled with couples who were licking each other while lying on the grass.

19. PASS OUT— lose consciousness, give out/give out (usually free of charge)

When he heard the news, he passed out with the shock.- When he found out about this, he fainted.

The protesters passed out leaflets to the growing crowd.— Protesters handed out leaflets to the growing crowd

20. PULL OVER- pull over to the side of the road, stop

We pulled over to take some pictures of clouds and lightning.- We stopped on the side of the road to photograph lightning flashes against the background of clouds.

21. PUT DOWN- has several meanings: to disembark passengers, to postpone work, to write something down, to write something down, to pacify

Can you put me down at the next corner, please?- Drop me off at the next corner, please.

Put down whatever you're doing and join the party!- Put aside your business and join the company!

Put down every word she says.- Write down every word after her.

I'll take three boxes; would you put them down (to my account)?- I'll take three boxes; Would you mind putting this on my account?

22. PUT OFF- put off

Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.- Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.

23. PUT UP WITH- put up

I can’t put up with my neighbor’s noise any longer; it's driving me mad.“I can’t put up with the noise from my neighbors anymore, it’s driving me crazy.”

24. TURN UP- unexpectedly show up, arrive/arrive/appear, increase volume/temperature, etc.

He turned up missing at roll call.“He wasn’t there at roll call.”

As always, John turned up late — John was late as usual

Please turn the music up, I love this song!- Please turn it up, I love this song!

25. Watch out- be careful. Often used when suddenly shouting to the interlocutor “Watch out!”

Watch out in the mountain, there are bears there- Be careful, there are bears in the mountains.

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