Aleichem meaning. The meaning of the word Sholom Aleichem

More meanings of the word and translation of SHOLOM ALEYCHEM from English into Russian in English-Russian dictionaries.
What is the translation of SHOLOM ALEYCHEM from Russian into English in Russian-English dictionaries.

More meanings of this word and English-Russian, Russian-English translations for SHOLOM ALEYCHEM in dictionaries.

• SHOLOM ALEICHEM - Sholem Aleichem
  
• SHOLOM ALEICHEM - Sholom Aleichem
  
• SHOLEM ALEICHEM - Sholom Aleichem
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• SHOLEM ASCH - Ash, Sholom
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• SHOLEM ALEICHEM - Shalom Aleichem
  
• SHOLEM ALEICHEM - Shalom Aleichem
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• SHELOM - SHELOM, -a, m. 1. Jew. 2. intl. Hello, great, fireworks, hello. Jewish greeting (correctly Sholom).
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• ROBBINS, JEROME - (1918-1998) Robbins, Jerome Dancer and choreographer. Choreographer of "West Side Story" on stage (1957) and in film (1961) - award...
• FIDDLER ON THE ROOF - "Fiddler on the Roof" Musical by composer J. Bock based on the stories of Sholom Aleichem, staged in 1964, one of the best and second ...
• ROBBINS, JEROME - (1918-1998) Robbins, Jerome Dancer and choreographer. Choreographer and director of "West Side Story" on stage (1957) and in film (1961) - ...
• FIDDLER ON THE ROOF - ("Fiddler on the Roof") "Fiddler on the Roof" Musical by composer J. Bock based on the stories of Sholom Aleichem, staged in 1964, one ...

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- Sholom Aleichem!

- Aleichem shalom!

-Where are you coming from?

- From Warsaw.

– What are you doing?

– I am a Jewish newspaper.

– What is your name?

- "Judisches Volks-Zeitung". And you, where are you from?

-Where should I be from? From Yehupets.

– What do you do?

– What should I do? I am a Jewish writer.

– What is your name?

– Sholom Aleichem.

– Sholom Aleichem? That means you can live in peace and harmony!

– The same to you and your children!

- What are you doing, Mr. Sholom Aleichem?

- What should we do? We are writing.

- What are we writing?

– What should we write? What we see is what we write about.

– What do the scriptures you write give you?

– What can they give? Sorrows, colic, tears, resentment, torment, suffering, anxiety...

– Is that all?

-What else do you want?

- I mean...

- Honor? Without measure, without counting! No writer in the world has as much honor as the Jewish writer. It's no joke, the Jews have a writer, a person who writes!

-Are you serious?

- So what? Just kidding, right? Look for yourself what is happening on our anniversaries. Best wishes from admirers, from ardent admirers and simply from zealous readers they fly from all over the world - from Kasrilovka, from Tuneyadovka, from Teterevets, from Zatrapezovka, from Galaganishka, from Strishch, from everywhere! And what about the correspondence that the hero of the day himself publishes in newspapers?! And what about feasts, banquets, toasts?! The sea is flooded! And the scholarships, and the donations that are made at this time for the benefit of the working people of the Promised Land!.. Are you kidding - what kind of honor is given to a Jewish writer?

- No, that’s not what I’m talking about; I mean...

- Earnings? Mouth full! If only there was enough free time, in addition to being a melamed, a shopkeeper, a broker, a matchmaker, or simply a person who does not refuse alms, who is able to go from house to house and collect money for the publication of his book. Are you making jokes with a Jewish writer? The Jewish writer is a free man!

– What does a free person mean?

- He is free from all blessings in this and the next world; he is free from a piece of bread, from health, from friends, from his wife and children, from all the joys of life...

“It seems to me, Mr. Sholom Aleichem, that here the bile is already speaking in you, you are even getting into the jungle of intolerance.” ...This is not good. It is not becoming for a Jewish writer who writes for the people to attack the Jews like that. A Jew must accept everything in life with love and say three times a day...

– “Everything is for the better”?

- Certainly! Everything is for the better! What would happen if you didn’t even have that? What appearance would we have among the nations if we threw off our only caftan? Do we really have other clothes besides our literature to show off in before the world?

- Perhaps you are right.

– How is this “maybe”? For sure! But let's talk about something more fun.

- About the wake?

- Not that. I have to see you...

- Request? Print someone in the newspapers?

- God forbid! I have a little business for you.

- Regarding matchmaking?

- No... But yes, in terms of matchmaking.

-Who is the groom? Where is the bride from?

– The groom is in Yegupiec, the bride is in Warsaw.

- Too far for matchmaking. What should they be called?

– The bride’s name is “Judishes Volks-Zeitung”, and the groom’s name is Sholom Aleichem. Do you like the plan?

- Not bad. If only...

– What “if only”?

- If only... Nothing...

- I don’t like omissions. Tell me what bothers you?

– What can confuse me? Nothing bothers me one bit! In a word, what do you want?

- This is what I want. Since I am a Jewish newspaper, and you are a Jewish writer, I want you to write, and I to print.

- What should I write?

- Feuilletons... To make people laugh.

- Laugh? Because I want to cry...

“You can cry as long as the audience laughs.” Do you understand?

– I understand, how can I not understand? You want me to introduce myself as a buffoon, a comedian, a clown, a clown, to amuse the audience with words...

- ABOUT! Just contact a Jewish writer! Who said - buffoon, comedian, clown, buffoon? I just want your writings to contain a joke, a joke, a clap on the shoulder, and a slap on the backside. In short, the public must be pleased...

- So that everyone would say: “Damn this Sholom Aleichem! Well, his tongue would be numb! Well, his little hand would be dry!”

– And I also want you to really talk with our Jews, and precisely in their dialect, in their native language, so that you tell them like this: you, they say, are this and that, you, they say, are both this and that!.. That is, you must cut them like a nut, but beautifully, decorously and nobly. Do you understand me?

- I understand, how can I not understand? Do you want us to play with them that game called “cat and mouse”?.. So be it... If only...

– What “if only”?

- If only... Nothing.

“I told you, I can’t stand omissions.” Let's be honest, what bothers you?

– What can confuse me? Nothing bothers me one bit. In a word, what more do you want?

– Also give them skits...

- So that they yawn?

– Tell them stories...

– So that they fall asleep faster?

– Write a big novel, a novel with love, with touching scenes that will take your breath away. In a word, to have a romance...

– In six parts with a prologue and epilogue, a la Shomer? Incongruous, wild, absurd scenes, neither in village nor in town?.. Melamed from Nesvizh makes love with the maid Rivka; he writes hot letters, she sings sensitive songs; then he leaves for Paris and nine months later returns to the barons or a millionaire and finds his beloved in the kitchen of the moneylender Ephraim, a bandit, murderer, murderer. Here a duel breaks out between them: the moneylender Ephraim wants to split the Nesvizh baron in half; then the baron runs to the governor, wakes him up and returns with him and three gendarmes; Seeing this turn of events, the moneylender grabs a knife and stabs himself, the maid Rivka faints and sings a German-Jewish song, so heartbreaking that even a stone could melt...

- All? Have you finished yet? There is no need for Nesvizh melameds to go to Paris, for governors to be woken up in the middle of the night, for moneylenders to kill themselves and for maids to sing heartbreaking German-Jewish songs in the kitchen. I want you to give a novel, but a Jewish novel, love, but a Jewish love. Do you understand me?

– I understand, why not understand? Do you want me to write about life, about authentic Jewish life? Do you want me to write with the blood of my heart, with my nerves, from the depths of my soul, something for which you pay with your health and grow old before your time, from which your face becomes covered with wrinkles and your head turns gray, is that what you want? So be it... If only...

– What “if only”?

- If only... Nothing.

- More omissions? Finally, tell me what bothers you?

– What can confuse me? Nothing bothers me one bit! In short, what else do you want?

– I want you to take the trouble to look through all the books and little books that writers write at least once a month...

- They're running out of paper...

- But printers print...

- As you grease it, so will you go. Once they get paid, they print.

“But booksellers take it.”

- They exchange a book for a book, an awl for sewing...

- But people read...

– What else does he have left? They don't give bran to the cattle - they chew straw...

- So you take the trouble to look through all this, read it, and then briefly retell it to the reader, chew it thoroughly for him, explain what is good and what is no good...

– We must spare his stomach...

- In a word, you will write criticism.

- Is it a big deal?! I will become the same beast and die in the same herd...

- But what? I ask that all this be done without unnecessary noise...

- Why shout?

- And without fire...

- And without water...

- And without anger...

- Being angry is a sin...

– Your criticism should be not boring, and useful, and serious, and humorous... Do you understand me?

- Understand! Why not understand? You want me to concoct a real tsimes for you from the rubbish that litters our literary market. Rummaging through a pile of manure - maybe one day you'll find a pearl - is easy work; it won't make you blue in the face for long - it's so good for both body and soul. Well, not bad... I'm ready, if only...

– What “if only”?

- If only... Nothing...

- Ugh, Mr. Sholom Aleichem! How many times have I told you that I do not tolerate omissions. You must be frank with me. Tell me, please, what does your “if only” mean?.. Money?

– Who talks about money?

- What? Honor?

- Who talks about honor?

- What? Health?

– What can we say about health?

- What are you talking about! keep repeating “if only”?

- If only they read it!..

Sholom Aleichem is a Jewish address exchanged between ordinary people when they meet. “Peace be with you” is what it means. This fictitious name was chosen for himself by a young author who wrote about ordinary people in their native language - Yiddish. Here is Sholom Aleichem, a writer. The photo shows a man with kind, insightful eyes and humor, which he transferred to the pages of his stories, novels and novels.

Childhood

Sholom Nokhumovich Rabinovich was born in 1859 into a poor family in Pereyaslavl in Little Russia. Then the family moved to the town of Voronkovo, also in Ukraine. The teenager's childhood was poisoned by her stepmother from the age of 13. In the cold winter, he often sat outside near the house, where he was not allowed. Now, if a cart or a cab had arrived, then the boy could have led them into an inhospitable house, where there were several closets with beds for guests. Then he himself could warm up. But in winter there are rich guests who do not stay at the visiting house of Nokhum Rabinovich. They prefer the hotel of Naum Yasnogradsky. Freezing Sholom dreams of finding a treasure that is buried somewhere in Voronkovo, and now, after the family went bankrupt, they live again in Pereyaslavl. So Sholom lived in a large, bankrupt family, where there were brothers, sisters, and stepmother’s children. Jews had great respect for learning; they always had a reverent attitude toward books. Therefore, everyone, even the poorest boys, went to school (for girls this was considered optional). The first “work” he wrote was a list of his stepmother’s curses, which he arranged in alphabetical order. It is at home that Sholom Aleichem looks at the changing guests. His biography is replenished by meeting many people who will later turn to the pages of his books. After school, the young man graduated from college and dreamed of continuing his studies in Zhitomir at the institute and becoming a teacher.

Wandering

But young Sholom Aleichem must earn his living. He wanders around small places, working as a tutor. No one stands on ceremony with him. He is often offered the floor instead of a bed, and his hunger annoys his hosts, who glare as food disappears from the table. At night it even happens to cradle small children. Finally, Sholom was lucky. At the age of 17, he ended up in a very rich house, where he teaches a fourteen-year-old girl. Everything is fine. But, as has been described more than once in literature, the teacher and student begin to experience tender feelings for each other. This is noticed by the father, who is a good judge of people. This will be Sholom Aleichem. The photo shows a kind but impractical man.

The girl’s father immediately realized that the young man did not have the spirit of an entrepreneur. This guy won't suit you as a son-in-law. This glorious dreamer will not even make a good assistant in business. Therefore, the whole family leaves secretly at night. Waking up in the morning, Sholom Aleichem, whose biography suddenly takes a terrible turn, discovers that he is completely alone in the house. The payment is left in a visible place for him, and that’s it. It is unknown where to look for your love.

Marriage

Sholom wandered around Little Russia for many years until he persuaded his beloved to run away from home. They got married against her parents' wishes. And two years later the father-in-law died, and in 1885 a huge fortune fell on the young family. An inexperienced player on the Kyiv and Odessa stock exchanges quickly lost his entire inheritance in five years. He is not a businessman - a simple-minded Sholom Aleichem. His biography, as his father-in-law had foreseen, would take a different path.

Becoming a writer

In 1888, Sholom Aleichem began to engage in publishing with the remainder of his funds. Collections of the “Jewish People's Library” appear in print. He looked for Jewish talents throughout vast Russia and found them in shops, shoemakers, and funeral parlors. He paid very high fees and financially supported elderly writers. He began writing and publishing himself. His novels “Stempenyu” and “Iosele the Nightingale” are published. And in 1894 he began a new novel, the main one in his life, “Tevye the Milkman”. This is how Sholom Aleichem, a Jewish writer, is gradually born.

Jewish pogroms

In 1903-1905, the writer's family lived poorly on literary fees in Kyiv. It is big, there are six children in it. And now in the south and southwest of the country there is a terrible wave of Jewish pogroms. People are tortured before they die.

Innocent people are beaten with stones, shovels, axes, women and girls are raped. Jewish houses and shops are destroyed, property is destroyed, synagogues are destroyed, holy books. But the police are silent, as if nothing is happening, and if they react, it is very sluggish. At this time, the writer was actively writing pamphlets, feuilletons and stories dedicated to these nightmares (“Gold”, “Shmulik”, “Joseph”). Because of these horrors, the writer’s family leaves first for Switzerland and then for the USA. This is how Sholom Aleichem becomes a wanderer. The biography turns new pages.

Overseas

The first time in the “land of freedom” goes well. He is advertised by both the Jewish press and American publications, comparing him to Mark Twain. But this quickly stops. Less than a year has passed since the publication of his new book “Motl Boy” is suspended, and the writer and his family are forced to return to Russia.

At home

There is no money in the family, and the writer travels around the country with readings of his books. In 1908 he fell ill with tuberculosis. He has been engaged in literary activity for 25 years, he is loved and appreciated, and publishers make money from his works.

The family is poor. And now Jews all over the country are raising money to buy the rights to publish his books. This was successful, and they were handed over to the author. A sick writer goes to Germany for treatment. Finds him there world war. He and his family are deported to Russia. But due to hostilities, it is impossible to return to it.

America again

Here he will spend two years before his death, dreaming of returning to his native land and being buried next to his father in Kyiv. His grandchildren are already growing up. Bel Kaufman, who wrote Up the Down Staircase, is his own granddaughter and has many fond memories of her grandfather.

In 1916, Sholem Aleichem died in America, far from his homeland. The biography, briefly outlined, has come to an end. It must be said that he will be buried in front of a huge crowd of people in a cemetery in New York. And his books live on and are read with no less interest than at the time they were written.

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(pseud.; real name - Solomon (Sholom Nokhumovich) Rabinovich)
(1859-1916), Jewish writer. Born on March 2, 1859 in Pereyaslav (Russia, now in Ukraine). He studied at cheder, studied Hebrew, and from the age of seventeen he made his living as a tutor. When he fell in love with one of the students, her father drove him away from the estate. After serving for several years as a “official” rabbi in the town of Luben, Sholom Aleichem married Olga Loev in 1883, and two years later her father died, leaving a large estate. By 1900, Sholem Aleichem had lost his fortune and retired from business to devote himself to literature. The pogroms of 1905 forced Sholom Aleichem to leave Russia. He undertook a lecture tour across Europe, but an exacerbation of pulmonary disease in 1908 forced him to leave this enterprise, and until the outbreak of the First World War, the writer and his family lived in Italy and Switzerland. The war found them in Germany, from where they hastened to leave for Denmark and in the same year moved to New York, where Sholom Aleichem died on May 13, 1916. Sholom Aleichem wrote his first works in Hebrew, Russian and Yiddish. The pamphlet The Trial of Shomer (Shomers Mishpat, 1888), which ridiculed the novelist Shomer (N.M. Shaikevich), and the success of the Jewish People's Library (1888-1889) founded by him, legitimized Yiddish as a full-fledged literary language. Sholom Aleichem knew how to convey the fullness and expressiveness, humor and lyricism of the Yiddish language. The writer created his own world, populating it with Jews of all varieties that were found in Russia at the turn of the century. Each character is a full-blooded personality, with its unique identity. The names of some of his heroes became common nouns among Jews. Sholom Aleichem's comic is “laughter through tears,” which earned him the love and gratitude of world Jewry. Sholom Aleichem's books are extremely successful and have been translated into many languages. These include Tevye the Milkman (Tevye der milhiger); the play Scattered and Persecuted (Ceseit un tsershpreit, post. 1905); Flood (Der Mable); Menahem-Mendl; a novel from the actor's life, The Railway Story (2 vols., 1909); The Bloody Joke (Der Blutiger Shpas) - a story based on the trial in Kyiv in the case of M. Beilis, accused of ritual murder (1912-1913; theatrical production 1914 It’s hard to be a Jew - Shver zu zayn a yid); Big Win (Dos Groyce Gevins, 1915); autobiography From the fair (Funem Yarid).
LITERATURE
Belenky S.S. Sholom Aleichem is a writer and a person. M., 1984 Sholom Aleichem. Collected Works, vols. 1-6. M., 1988-1990 Sholom Aleichem. Peace be with you! M., 1990 Sholom Aleichem. Wandering stars. M., 1994

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