EntranceWe study Ukrainian language. Independent study of the Ukrainian language
Or some other), you need to have a sufficient vocabulary. Therefore, your first step should be to study individual words and expressions. For this purpose, both electronic dictionaries, which are available on the Internet, and ordinary ones (you can buy them in a bookstore or borrow them from the library) are suitable. By the way, it is not at all necessary to purchase a large publication; you don’t need it yet. A pocket dictionary, which will contain the most necessary materials, is a good place to start.
At the same time, train your pronunciation, remember exactly how each word is read. This will help you, indicated in the dictionary next to the word, or a special audio application (it can be sold separately or immediately bundled with the book). To better remember what you read, say it all out loud.
Separate audio courses aimed at simultaneously replenishing vocabulary and regional knowledge can also help in practicing pronunciation. The content of such materials is, as a rule, dialogues in the language (often followed by Russian), monologues on a specific topic. You should consolidate what you have learned and at the same time get used to the sound of native speakers by watching films or listening to Ukrainian radio stations.
Remember that it is impossible to learn to speak a foreign language without knowing at least the basic rules of grammar. You must know how to construct sentences, know the word order in both declarative and interrogative sentences, and do not forget the ways of inflecting nouns and verbs. Otherwise, without this, you will not connect even two words with each other.
note
Real-time communication with a native speaker or with someone who, like you, is studying, can help improve your language skills. Ukrainian language. Finding a like-minded person is now easy thanks to numerous forums on the Internet.
Practice little by little, but every day (without constant practice, you will not be able to really speak Ukrainian).
Sources:
- we speak Ukrainian
Many versions of Windows operating systems support a multilingual interface that allows you to enter information from the keyboard into various languages, including in Ukrainian.
You will need
- - keyboard with Ukrainian layout.
Instructions
If you have a multilingual version installed operating system, open your computer's control panel and go to the Regional and Language settings, then go to the Languages tab. Click on the “Options” button and use the menu on the right to add Ukrainian layout for your keyboard. Then apply and save the changes.
You can also set up a special command for switching, which would be different from the normal layout change mode. In the same menu, you can delete those language layouts that you do not use when using your computer - just select them in the list and click on the “Delete” button on the right side of the window.
If your keyboard does not have Ukrainian characters, change it, learn the Ukrainian layout using special programs, or purchase special replacement stickers for keys with Ukrainian characters. They can be purchased from online stores and computer equipment sales points, or you can make them yourself.
When using a layout it is also quite easy to do without all this if you have
Since the Euromaidan, the use of the Ukrainian language in communication among citizens of Ukraine has become a trend and a sign of patriotism.
“A language disappears not because others don’t learn it, but because those who know it don’t speak it.”- these words of the Spanish politician Jose Maria Artze scattered in social networks as a call to communicate in your native language. Speaking Ukrainian has become not just a fashion, but a necessity for many conscientious citizens. However, for the majority, psychological barriers and fears became an obstacle. Here are some tips on how to start speaking Ukrainian in a Russian-speaking environment, and most importantly, how to speak correctly.
These tips are universal and can help you master any foreign language.
1 . Get rid of your fears
The majority of Ukrainians who did not dare to switch to native language in communication, they find the same excuses. But these are all myths that are easily debunked.
- “I don’t speak Ukrainian well, and I don’t want to spoil it.” No nation in the world has literary version native language. Even residents of Western Ukraine do not speak pure Ukrainian.
- “I’ve spoken Russian since childhood, my family is Russian-speaking.” Imagine that with the same conviction you would try to live, for example, in the USA. Would you continue to speak Russian?
- "This dead language, no one in my city speaks Ukrainian." Well, you have a chance to become a pioneer and submit good example for the rest of his fellow countrymen.
2. Create a Ukrainian-speaking environment
Start with passive accumulation of Ukrainian vocabulary. Watch movies and TV series with Ukrainian dubbing, read Ukrainian-language press and listen to Ukrainian music. Set up your computer, program interface and social networks in Ukrainian. When visiting various sites and making payments, select the Ukrainian language in the interface.
3. write in Ukrainian
4 . Talk to strangers
The easiest way to overcome the psychological barrier is to start speaking Ukrainian first of all with strangers: in a store, in transport, on the street. Be prepared that your speech will seem terrible to you, but only practice and time will help you establish yourself in the language.
5 . Start talking in everyday life
Once you start speaking Ukrainian at home and at work, be prepared to explain the reason for this change. Tell your family and friends about your position and ask them to support you in this endeavor. Remember, Russian-speaking Ukrainians understand you perfectly, even if they address you in Russian. Practice has proven that even native Russians understand Ukrainian, if spoken slowly. Be prepared to feel how difficult it is to maintain such a dialogue, because during a conversation people automatically use each other's words. We must learn not to let our guard down. It’s better to speak more slowly, but in Ukrainian.
6. Find experienced conversation partners
It is important not just to speak, but to speak correctly. For this, it is important to have an interlocutor who will become an example for you. Listening to his language will make it easier for you to respond in Ukrainian. Don't be afraid to make mistakes and ask unfamiliar words. This way you will quickly enrich your vocabulary.
7. Be patient
In order to not only speak fluently, but also think in Ukrainian, you will need about a year. But during this period you will need breaks. Don't be afraid to take a week or a month off and try again later.
8 . Free Ukrainian language courses
Those who are not able to master the language on their own should sign up for free Ukrainian language courses, which are available in many cities of Ukraine. Here you will definitely find like-minded people and constant Ukrainian communication!
Despite the fact that the Ukrainian language is sometimes very similar to Belarusian and Russian, if you come to the country without knowing the language, you can end up in an awkward situation full of misunderstandings. Therefore, it is worth preparing for your upcoming trip to Ukraine.
– an online resource aimed at replenishing the user’s vocabulary. To do this, you can use one of the blocks. Here you can look through the dictionary and listen to the pronunciation of each word, try to guess the word from the many suggested ones, collect phrases, and also use the services of a tutor via Skype.
Another free online service for learning the Ukrainian language. The site contains the most popular phrases and formulations. And learn new material A translation with accompanying audio playback and illustrations will help. The site has similar sections for other languages.
A resource that provides the opportunity to learn many languages, including Ukrainian. Pictures and sound recordings from native speakers can help you learn words. Using the site, the listener will learn to speak, read and write correctly in Ukrainian; more than a thousand expressions and words that are most often used in everyday life are collected here.
An online dictionary that will help the user learn new words. The visitor gets the opportunity not only to save words, but also to conduct self-tests. Registration is required.
An online library where you can find many Ukrainian audiobooks. Each page with an audio file has a link to the source text, so other skills are also involved with language comprehension.
This multilingual site will improve your pronunciation and sentence building skills in Ukrainian. The resource contains many audio recordings of native speakers.
– an online space for sharing knowledge in group chats. For an additional fee, you will find the most suitable pen pal for yourself. The system will select him based on the data you filled out in the proposed questionnaire: his native language, country of origin, age and language he practices. Here you can learn 115 languages in real time and for free, using voice or text chat. Here you can also compete in vocabulary games, read books in the online library, or correspond via email.
– Ukrainian for beginners. The channel contains cartoons that introduce the Ukrainian alphabet and tell simple stories that help you get used to the language.
We will start this lesson by studying the Ukrainian alphabet and Ukrainian letters. It should be noted that the Ukrainian alphabet is slightly different from the Russian one. Some letters differ in pronunciation from Russian, while others differ in spelling.
There are new letters in the Ukrainian alphabet:
Ї, ї – read as a sound (йи) or (ji), formed by the fusion of two sounds (й) and (и),
Є є – read as a sound (е) or (je), like the Russian letter e,
Ґ ґ – reads like the Russian letter g.
At the same time, the Ukrainian letter is pronounced differently than the outwardly similar Russian letter i.
And, and in Ukrainian it is read approximately like Russian ы.
І, і – should be pronounced like Russian i.
Pronounce the Ukrainian letter E, e, similar in sound to the Russian e.
Ukrainian G, g is pronounced softly, like g in the words aga (aha) and oh,
Ukrainian ch sounds harder than Russian.
In the Ukrainian language there is an apostrophe - a dividing solid sign, denoted in writing in the form of a superscript comma ", which is almost never found in the Russian language.
Now let's repeat all this in the table: Ukrainian alphabet
G, g
Ґ, ґ
Her
Є, є
And, and
І, і
Ї, ї sound Russian correspondence
(h) – soft g
(G)
(uh)
(je) like Russian e
close to(s)
(And)
(ji)
Otherwise, the pronunciation of Russian and Ukrainian letters is almost the same. But it should be remembered that all letters in the Ukrainian language are always read as they are written. The unstressed vowel o is pronounced clearly, that is, o should always sound like o, but not like a. The same applies to the letter g. It is always, unlike the Russian language, even at the end of adjectives in genitive case read as g(h).
Now let's practice. Pronounce the Ukrainian letter g. We pronounce it the way g sounds in southern Russian dialects softly, slightly towards the sound x, or how g sounds in the words aga (aha), oh (oho). Say these two words, repeat them. Did you feel the sound of the Ukrainian city? Wonderful. Now try to pronounce any words with the letter g, but pronounce this letter in Ukrainian. Love this soft sound filled with the beauty of the Ukrainian land. Let it be your sound. Love it as something closest to you. Practice pronouncing it throughout the day among your family. Let them love him too.
Have you already started exercising? Great! And if you pronounce all the letters clearly in accordance with their spelling, that is, always pronounce o as o, g even at the end of adjectives as g (thy (voho), distant (dalekoho), Ukrainian (ukrainskoho), rosiyskogo (rosiyskoho) and softly, then you already speak with a Ukrainian accent. Try pronouncing whole sentences this way.
Wonderful! Your pronunciation is close to ideal. Soften your e a little. Do you remember how it is written in Ukrainian? Of course e. Now try to pronounce the Ukrainian letter i (corresponds approximately to the Russian ы) more softly and with a higher timbre, that is, it should sound, unlike the Russian ы, a little closer to the Russian letter i (Ukrainian i). Can you imagine what Ukrainian and sounds like (corresponding to Russian ы)? Then let's make this beautiful sound together. That's right! A little softer and higher in timbre than Russian ы. Yes, yes, a little closer to Russian and... Well done! But if you can’t do anything with Ukrainian and just pronounce it like Russian ы, you won’t be mistaken by much. Now read Ukrainian words: Grits (hryts), hryvnia (hryvnya), gory (hory), hands (hands), poky (poky).
Now try to fall in love with the most beautiful Ukrainian sound, which is denoted by the letter ї. It's easy to pronounce. Combine two sounds: sound (th) and sound (i). It will turn out (yi) or (ji). Is it really easy? Repeat several times. Let's pronounce this sound in words:
Ukraine (Ukraine), Kiev (Kyyiv), її (yiii), їzhak (yizhak), їsti (yists).
How is your Ukrainian and? Soft? And g? Have you forgotten that we pronounce g as in the word aha? Great! You learned the letter ї without difficulty. In the word Kiev at the end, pronounce not f, as in the Russian version, but v, as it is written. Pronounce this v at the end of a word a little closer to the y sound, something between v and u. It always sounds like this at the end of a word:
Pishov (pishoў), znayshov (znayshоў), robiv (robyў), bachiv (bachyў).
Constantly practice pronouncing all the above and any other words, maybe even Russian, but pronounce them in Ukrainian.
We offer you as homework read and memorize a poem by the famous Ukrainian poet Alexander Oles about the long-suffering Ukrainian language, which, no matter what, will already sound loudly, in addition, we would like to introduce you to the poem of our great Kobzar Taras Grigorievich Shevchenko “Zapovit”. You have already mastered the Ukrainian alphabet! Good luck!
How long have we been waiting for the word of our will,
I axis is back, brining.
Brink - our language sings,
I enchant, quiet and drunk.
We've been waiting for you for so long... Call out to the people,
What kind of language did he save for us?
I fell into such terrible trouble,
If you can't stand for a moment.
(O. Oles)
COMMANDMENT
If I die, then give me a shout
To my grave
Middle steppe wide
In Ukraine dear,
Shcheb doe wide-field,
I Dnipro, I steep
It was visible, it was barely visible,
Yak is a roaring yak.
How I carried it from Ukraine
By the blue sea
I'm stealing blood... I'll go away
I doe, I burn –
I’ll leave everything, I’ll leave Pauline
Until God himself
Pray... until then
I don't know God.
Say hello and get up
Tear up Kaydani
I the enemy's evil blood
Sprinkle the will.
I am the greatest in this world,
In this world free, new,
Don't forget to remember
Unbreakable with a quiet word.