Order of the Red Star - (description, price on the black market). Order of the Red Star - (description, price on the black market) Varieties of the Order of the Red Star

The web of barbed wire is splattered with red spots of rust, like blood. In multi-layered rows it entwined low, dilapidated, charred buildings of cowsheds, stables, and pig sheds. Once upon a time there were outbuildings of the Krasnaya Zarya collective farm, Ostrogozhsky district, Voronezh region.

The Nazis turned this corner of the village of Novaya Melnitsa into a death camp. Several hundred captured Red Army soldiers were herded here to work on the construction of a military railway line.

Low, dark barns are blocked inside by thick rows of barbed wire, forming narrow corridors. Through countless holes in the walls, slightly covered with tufts of reeds, and in the roofs, the gloomy sky shines through. The floor is barely covered with a layer of brown, fetid, rotten straw. Here, after twelve hours of difficult excavation work, prisoners of war, exhausted by hunger, were herded like cattle into stalls. Often prisoners went out to work in the morning in formation, and in the evening their comrades brought them in their arms half-dead, having already crossed the black line of death with one foot.

To say that the prisoners were fed from hand to mouth is to embellish the truth. An inedible muddy brew of steamed rotten grain or gray cabbage waste was all that supported life in emaciated human bodies. When, on the way to work, a prisoner picked up a dropped beetroot or a raw potato on the road, the guard beat him with a rifle butt or shot him on the spot. The same fate befell those who suffocated from exhaustion and fell behind the party. When a compassionate collective farmer tried to give the prisoners a piece of bread, she was severely beaten by the guards.

But the occupiers were generous with all kinds of torture and abuse. The prisoners were beaten with batons, rifle butts, and bayonet-pointed. For the slightest offense they were hung from poles for long hours. They calculatedly and systematically humiliated human dignity, leading to despair and suicide. The order bearer, discovered in a party of prisoners, was forced to dig his own grave and was shot.

But this seemed not enough to the tormentors. On September 17, they conceived and carried out a terrible crime.

In the barracks, where many prisoners were housed, during the day the guards placed a large charge of explosive incendiary substance into the stove. Returning from work, the chilled inhabitants of the barracks lit the stove. There was a deafening explosion. The fire quickly engulfed the building. In the acrid smoke and tongues of growing flames, hundreds of burning people rushed about with cries of despair. They rushed to the exits from the barracks. But those running out were met by machine gun fire. Bodies fell on the threshold, blocking the path to the street. The flame roared. They were shooting machine guns. The unfortunate young men, turned into living torches, screamed in pain and despair. Soon the fire did its job. The fragile barn collapsed on the heads of those who had not yet been burned. 397 prisoners died in the flames and smoke. Eighty people were taken to the hospital with severe burns. Fifty of them died in severe pain. The sadists have done their dirty deed. Four hundred and forty-seven Russian prisoners died a martyr's death from their robber hands...

Outskirts of Ostrogozhsk. Dilapidated brick factory. Rusty barbed wire. Long sheds for drying bricks without roofs, without windows. Under the Germans it was called "DULAG 191". Prisoners of war, rounded up to work in the front line, languished here.

All prisoners of war slept on the ground. A barn called an infirmary was reserved for the sick and wounded. It differed from other barns only in name. The same bare ground for sleeping. The same brutal regime. The same muddy gruel of water, slightly mixed with rye flour. Gas gangrene claimed dozens of victims. Tetanus has become commonplace. As an act of “indulgence”, stinking horse carrion was sometimes placed in the kitchen cauldrons. The camp doctor, the German “Oberarts” Steinach, came to the kitchen and cynically said: “For Russian dogs this meat is quite good quality" This ignorant Aryan farrier, having no surgical specialty, became skilled in surgery by practicing operating on prisoners. Many, under his scalpel, ended their days on the operating table.

Prisoners were forced to work 10-12 hours on heavy earthworks. Those who collapsed from exhaustion or refused to work were beaten and killed. The translator Liedtke was especially sophisticated in his beatings.

The most terrible place in the camp was the punishment cell. People were sent there for the slightest offense. They were kept in a cold barn in the rain and wind for many days, deprived of food and given half a liter of water a day. There was only one way from the punishment cell - to the camp cemetery. Punishment in a punishment cell was considered worse than execution. Going to the punishment cell, the prisoners said goodbye to their comrades. They knew that they would never go back.

From purulent wounds, from the inseparable companions of hunger - typhus and dysentery, mortality increased. From 30 to 60 prisoners died every day.

The fascist executioners did everything to increase the mortality rate among prisoners. Camp officer Klyus, for example, at the end of October, when the first frosts hit, ordered swimming in a nearby river. From this bath in icy water, many prisoners fell ill with pneumonia and died.

The Novomelnichansky and Ostrogozhsky camps are not the exception, but the rule. Ask people who have been behind the barbed wire on Kholodnaya Gora in Kharkov, Belgorod, Koroch and other cities, they will tell you something that chills the blood in your veins and sends a wave of rage to your heart.

Thousands of prisoners die in the camps from hunger, epidemics, beatings and executions. Thousands of others die before reaching the camp, or on the way from one camp to another.

Ostrogozh citizen Maria Terentyevna Kaydanikova said:

“On January 5th, I saw the Magyars driving a hundred Russian prisoners through Ostrogozhsk. It was bitterly cold, and the Red Army men were half-naked. Almost no one had shoes. The legs were wrapped in dirty rags. We wanted to give them bread and at least some clothes. The Magyar guards cursed and beat with rifle butts. Me and one citizen, because I threw a padded jacket to a prisoner and she handed over a bucket of dried pears, were severely beaten and threatened with execution.

The prisoners were driven into the basement of a house on the street. Medvedovsky near the pharmacy. As I walked by in the evening, I heard moans and screams coming from the basement. Looking through the broken window, I saw something that made my legs give way. A fire was burning in the basement. In the corners, the prisoners lying side by side froze in horror. Over the fire, two stalwart Magyars held a body writhing in pain by the shoulders and legs - they were roasting a prisoner over the fire. The prisoner screamed hoarsely. But the tormentors, straining with all their might, held him over the fire. When the unfortunate man fell silent and went limp, the tormentors threw him face down into the fire. The body moved, and one Magyar immediately plunged his bayonet into the martyr’s back several times.”

In the village of Gusek, Kursk region, the retreating fascists drove 200 prisoners of war from the Chernevsky camp and 160 district activists into a school building, tightly boarded up the doors and windows, doused the building with gasoline and set it on fire. All three hundred and sixty Soviet people died in the fire or were shot while trying to escape the flames.

In the village of Orlik, Kursk region, after much torture and beating, the occupiers killed 30 prisoners of war. In winter, during the fighting in this village, the wounded senior lieutenant Zemtsov fell into the hands of the Germans. The fascist tormentors tied him to a tank and drove the car along the street until Zemtsov died in terrible agony from bruises and loss of blood.

Seventy captured Red Army soldiers were shot by the Nazis in the village of Drokino, Voronezh region. They were forced to dig a grave for themselves. The grave was barely covered with earth. The corpses began to decompose, but collective farmers were strictly forbidden to approach the grave.

In the village of Gorodishche, Shatalovsky district, the Nazis killed Ksenia Pankratova, the mother of two young children, Evdokia Pankratova, the mother of three children, Ksenia Peshkova, the mother of one young child, and collective farmer Nikolai Shabanov. They offended the Germans by hiding the seriously wounded captain Ogarkov. After the execution of four patriots, the captain was shot, abused and tortured in the tract of the Gorodishchensky forestry.

In the village of Dolgaya Polyana, Kursk region, sixty-three-year-old old men Sergei and Efrosinia Pankratov and Ivan Monakov were shot along with three Red Army soldiers whom they had hidden in their house. The Pankratovs' daughter Marfa accidentally escaped death by falling into a ditch before being shot.

This is the terrible truth about fascist captivity. Bloodthirsty beasts, for whom no laws or international conventions have been written, systematically exterminate Soviet prisoners of war, using the most sophisticated, most painful methods of murder. German captivity is worse than death. This is not a phrase - a terrible reality.

Al. SURKOV.
ACTIVE ARMY.

Order of the Red Star. September 1943

I received my first military award - the Order of the Red Star after a year and two months of fighting on the front line near Rzhev and on the Kursk Bulge, was wounded and accomplished many feats.

But they forgot to reward me, but they often sent me on dangerous missions, because they knew my luck and “indestructibility.”

For six months we fought hard but unsuccessfully for Rzhev. I miraculously survived, but how many people died there! Our division was renewed three times in those battles! Soviet soldiers They performed miracles of heroism there, they died by the thousands in the swamps, under terrible shelling and bombing, again and again they rose and ran to attack enemy machine guns across the corpse fields. In addition to participating in battles, I successfully went to the rear of the Germans three times for the “tongue”; I was sent after other search groups did not return from the mission and it was impossible to take the “tongue”. But I was lucky. I went on reconnaissance missions, ran with the infantry in attacks to see enemy firing points and correct the battery’s fire. When there was not a single officer left in the rifle companies in the battle, I, a tenacious artilleryman, raised and led the soldiers into the attack. But, like many, he was never awarded.

The battles for Rzhev were not successful, and therefore almost no one was awarded there. This once again confirms that awards were determined not by the exploits of soldiers, but by the strategic successes of marshals. If the military operation was a success, a certain number of awards are allocated for it. These awards are distributed among the military units participating in the operation. And in units they reward those whom the authorities want to reward.

Then our division was transferred to Stalingrad. Heavy fighting in the winter of '43 in the Donbass. Unfortunately for us, General Vatutin blundered and the Supreme High Command failed in carrying out Operation Leap to liberate Donbass. The operation failed, and because of this we were surrounded in Barvenkovo. Then it was me, a twenty-two-year-old lieutenant, who was sent with a report to army headquarters. It was necessary to be able to get out of the encircled Barvenkovo ​​through the positions of enemy tanks and infantry in broad daylight. I delivered the report, and at the same time saved nine children in Barvenkovo ​​during the bombing.

Then the battles on the Seversky Donets, the Battle of Kursk. On the eve of Battle of Kursk The Germans concentrated tank divisions near Kharkov, in the forests on the Donets. Our division during May and June could not take the “language”. The Germans kept the secrets of their preparations for this battle very carefully. However, thanks to the sophistication of the search organization, I miraculously managed to capture a German tankman beyond the Donets. The delighted general hugged us and promised to reward the entire group of scouts. But months passed, and the general forgot his promise.

The Battle of Kursk ended with heavy fighting. She took to their graves two-thirds of the scouts who, together with me, got the “language” on the Kursk Bulge. Thank God, I survived and escaped with a slight injury. We took Kharkov and Krasnograd. The completely exhausted division was returned to Kharkov, to Merefa, for replenishment. It was there, in September 1943, that I, together with others, including those from the rear, were awarded the first award - the Order of the Red Star. Based on the results of the Battle of Kursk. I was no longer a scout or a platoon commander, but commanded an artillery battery for six months. That’s how “easy” I “grabbed” my first order.

By the way, we didn’t fight for rewards then. We didn't even think about them. Therefore, we were not upset when we were not rewarded. And they were of no use to us: there was no end in sight to the war, not today or tomorrow he would kill, or even the next second, we were on the front line - well, why do I need this reward? I even rejoiced when they didn’t reward me for a long time, otherwise they will reward you, give me payment for it, and you’ll catch death. We fought not for awards, but for the Motherland; we should have exterminated more Germans, who had caused us so much harm.

From the author's book

Moscow Kremlin. Order of the Red Star In Moscow, I learned that I had been awarded the next rank of lieutenant colonel. During my stay there, another very pleasant event happened. The Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the award was published in central newspapers

From the author's book

At the head of the KRO Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR. Second Order of the Red Star And indeed, the next day I sent a report to the Counterintelligence Department of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs with a request to transfer me to work in the active army. A call to Moscow for negotiations soon followed. In Moscow I was given

From the author's book

Invasion of the Red Army in Poland, September - October 1939 On September 17, 1939, fulfilling the provisions of the secret protocol to the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the Red Army invaded Poland. Polish Commander-in-Chief Marshal Edward Rydz-Smigly gave the order to provide

From the author's book

Chapter 1. Preparation of the operation “Commander Rumyantsev” (Belgorod-Kharkov offensive operation Red Army) and the operational situation on the front of its implementation by the beginning of August 1943. Despite the initial plans of the Soviet command and the scale of the battle

From the author's book

Southwestern part Pacific Ocean. Dutch East Indies, Australia, Pelelew, Biak - March 1943-July 1943 In the spring of 1943, the US 5th Air Force, located in Australia, began active combat operations. In the autumn of 1942, a detachment of British troops arrived in Port Darwin.

From the author's book

Appendix Actions of individual units of the Red Army during the liberation of Donbass (February - September 1943) 3rd Guards rifle division in the Donbass offensive operation (08/18–09/22/1943) In August 1940, by order people's commissar Union defense

From the author's book

Document No. 5.1 Award sheet for the commander of the S-13 submarine of the 1st submarine submarine of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet, captain 3rd rank Alexander Ivanovich Marinesko, for awarding the Order of the Red Star 1. Year of birth - 19132. Nationality – Ukrainian3. Social status – worker4. Party affiliation - can. VKP(b)5. WITH

From the author's book

Document No. 5.2 Award sheet for the commander of the submarine S-13 of the 1st submarine submarine of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet, captain 3rd rank Marinesko Alexander Ivanovich for awarding the Order of the Red Star 1. Year of birth - 19132. Nationality – Ukrainian3. Social status – worker4. Party affiliation - can. VKP(b)5. WITH

From the author's book

Order of the Great Patriotic War 1st degree April 4, 1944 And yet, almost a year after the first award, already in forty-four, I was awarded a second time. During this year we fought so many battles in defense and offensive, we experienced so many deaths and injuries, advancing from

From the author's book

Order of Alexander Nevsky November 7, 1944 So, for crossing the Dniester, where I played a key role with my captured howitzers, ensuring the bloodless transfer of the division regiments, I was not awarded anything. Then I commanded a battery and a division for a long time, but I was still not

From the author's book

Order of the Red Banner. May - June 1945 Again we got involved in fierce battles with the Nazis in Yugoslavia near Vukovar. There I was seriously shell-shocked. Then there were battles in Hungary, Austria and Czechoslovakia. The following speaks about the ferocity of the fighting in Hungary: little known fact: under

From the author's book

Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree. September 1945 I received the Fifth Order - Patriotic War, 2nd degree - for fighting the Japanese in Manchuria. Although it was not so much the Japanese who bothered us there, but the waterless Gobi Desert and the Greater Khingan ridge. Me and my division on horseback

From the author's book

Chapter XVII The front is narrowing. The 10th Flotilla intensifies its activities. May - September 1943 I take command of the flotilla. The tasks are expanding. Gibraltar is attacked from Olterra. Threat of landing. Sardinia or Sicily? On July 10, all doubts were dispelled. Division of boats on

Order of the Red Star - award for significant services in defense Soviet Union, both in wartime and in peacetime, at one time became the second exclusively military order of the CCCP.

History of the Order of the Red Star

This order was established in 1930, simultaneously with the Order of Lenin, and became the second most important exclusively military award of the USSR. The author of the design of the order is the artist V.K. Kupriyanov. and sculptor V. V. Golenetsky

The award is made in the form of a five-pointed star covered with ruby ​​red enamel. In the center of the star is a shield with the image of a Red Army soldier with a rifle in his hands, around the shield is the inscription “PROLETARIANS OF ALL COUNTRIES UNITE”, below is the inscription “USSR”, under the shield is an image of a hammer and sickle.

The Order of the Red Star is made of silver. The silver content in the order is 27.162±1.389 g (as of September 18, 1975). The total weight of the order is 33,250±1,620 g.

The size of the order between the opposite vertices of the star is 47-50 mm (depending on the year of issue). The distance from the center of the order to the top of any of the five enamel rays of the star is 26-27 mm.

The Order of the Red Star is quite unique in that it is essentially the only order of the USSR pre-war period, the design of which has not undergone any significant changes. The most significant change can be considered the change in the position of the Red Army soldier on the central medallion. In the mid-thirties, the military regulations of the Red Army underwent changes, and the soldier’s stance during a bayonet attack changed, as a result of which the soldier’s stance on the order also changed.

Initially, the Order of the Red Star was worn on the left side of the chest, and from June 1943 on the right, after the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree. In addition, since 1943, instead of the order, it was allowed to wear an order ribbon on the award bar. The order's ribbon is silk, moiré, burgundy color, 24 mm wide with a gray stripe 5 mm wide in the center.

Knights of the Order of the Red Star

The Order was established on 04/06/1930, on May 5 of the same year the statute of the Order of the Red Star was approved, changes and additions to the description and statute of the award were made: 05/7/1936; 06/19/1943; 02/26/1946; 10/15/1947; 12/16/1947; 03/28/1980

The first recipient was Vasily Konstantinovich Blucher for skillfully repelling the attack of the Chinese army during the events on the Chinese Eastern Railway.

Among the first holders of the Order of the Red Star was test pilot I.F. Kozlov. He was awarded on May 20, 1932 for the successful landing of an experimental fighter I-12 (ANT-23), on which, as a result of testing, the aircraft cannon exploded and the control systems were damaged.

In the 30s, the order was often awarded for services not directly related to military conflicts. For example, on July 7, 1933, Pyotr Vasilievich Mandryka, the head of the central hospital of the People's Commissariat, was awarded the Order of the Red Star, “For outstanding services in organizing an exemplary medical practice in the central hospital and for direct outstanding work in surgical treatment.”

In addition, there were cases of awarding the order to persons who were generally far from military affairs. So on March 22, 1935, the Head of the Main Directorate of the Gold Industry A.P. was awarded. Serebrovsky, “for exceeding the 1934 production program.”

The Order was awarded not only to individuals, but also to entire teams. Thus, one of the first teams awarded the Order of the Red Star, on December 27, 1933, was the newspaper “Red Star” - “for success in providing combat and political training Soviet army».

Before the start of World War II, the order was awarded more than 21,500 times. Most of all (1935 awards) are associated with the battles on Lake Khasan in 1938.

One of the first to be awarded during the Great Patriotic War was D.A. Belovol. for 3 fascist planes shot down in battle.

The Order of the Red Star could also be awarded to citizens of other states; the only US soldier who fought for the Red Army, Joseph Beyrle, was awarded this award. A total of 182 citizens of other states became holders of the Order of the Red Star.

In total, approximately 2,860,000 awards were made during World War II.

After the end of World War II, the importance of the order decreased significantly, since starting in 1944 it began to be awarded for long service (15 years of impeccable service). This norm was abolished only in 1958, to raise the prestige of the award.

During local conflicts after the war period and the war in Afghanistan, the Order of the Red Star was awarded to all servicemen of the Soviet army who received moderate wounds, severe wounds or severe concussions in battle.

Since the statute of the order provided for repeated awards for new feats and distinctions, as well as for length of service, there are multiple holders of the Order of the Red Star.

The maximum number of awards to one person with the Order of the Red Star is six. We know of four such gentlemen, these are Onoprienko Philip Petrovich, Panchenko Pyotr Petrovich, Silantiev Vasily Vasilievich and Sitsevoy Nikolai Gavrilovich.

The last award decree dates back to December 19, 1991. Knights of the Order of the Red Star were: Permyakov Gennady Anatolyevich; Petrenko Alexander Pavlovich; Shamanov Vladimir Mikhailovich; Lyakh Vladimir Viktorovich for “for the courage and bravery shown in the performance of military duty.”

Description of other awards of the Second World War of the USSR: Order of the Red Banner, the first order in the history of the Soviet Union Socialist Republics, and the highest Order of Ushakov for the command staff of the Navy of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Order of the Red Star in the USSR award system

Price of the Order of the Red Star

The cost of the Order of the Red Star depends on its type, safety and availability of documents. Today, the price of an order in collectible condition with documents starts from:
1930-36 Type 1 “Goznak” quantity ≈800 pcs. - 2,720,000 rub.
1936-37 Type 2 “Without stamp” quantity ≈1000 pcs. - 540,000 rub.
1937-41 Type 3 “Mondvor” quantity ≈10000 pcs. - 160,000 rub.
1941-43 Type 4 “Early Mint” quantity ≈240,000 pieces. - 16,000 rub.
1941 Type 5 “Three rivets” quantity ≈4300 pcs. - 150,000 rub.
1943-54 Type 6 “Late Mint” quantity ≈2800000 pcs. - 1900 rub.
1954-91 Type 7 “New medallion” quantity ≈800,000 pcs. - 3900 rub.
Price updated as of 03/22/2020

Varieties of the Order of the Red Star

Type 1 "Goznak"

Numbers 1 – 781

The first examples of the order, which were awarded in 1930-1936, were manufactured at the Goznak factory in the amount of 800 copies. Its distinctive feature is that the star is hollow, made of two separate parts connected by soldering. The third element of the order is the central medallion with a Red Army soldier and inscriptions, attached to the front by soldering. A Red Army soldier in an overcoat and budenovka, with a rifle in his hands, and in boots with windings, is depicted with his face turned towards the viewer, which is exactly how a soldier should have stood during a bayonet attack at the time of its establishment (1930).

On the reverse of the order there is a bronze threaded screw with a two-stage flange. The “GOZNAK” stamp is located below the threaded screw, and the order number is located above the screw. Nut for fastening the order to clothing with a diameter of 36 mm, with a threaded flange soldered on the inside.

Type 2 Without stamp

Numbers 814 – 1805

In the mid-thirties, the regulations of the Red Army underwent changes, and the soldier’s position during a bayonet attack became different, which also required changes to the award itself. On the new versions of the Order of the Red Star, the soldier was already positioned at an angle; in addition, the soldier’s shoes were also replaced, boots with windings were replaced with boots.

The star of the order began to be made in one piece, with a shield with a Red Army soldier attached by soldering. The reverse of the order is smooth, with a threaded screw in the center. The order number was made manually, with a graver, and is located below the threaded screw. The clamping nut has become smaller in diameter - 33 mm, versus 36 mm for the previous type.

Type 3 "Mondvor"

Numbers 1786 - 11682

The third type of award appeared in 1937 and was produced before the start of the Great Patriotic War. The obverse of the award has not changed. The only significant change on the reverse is the stamp “MONDVOR”, made by stamping and located above the threaded screw. In addition, in rooms 1700-2100 there are transitional options, on which the “MONDVOR” stamp is made manually with a stamper.

Type 4 "Early Mint"

Numbers 11400 - 254732

The fourth type of the Order of the Red Star was produced from 1938 to 1943. Compared to the previous, third type, the mark has changed, the word “MONDVOR” was replaced by “MINT”. The mark, as before, is located above the threaded screw, and can be located either at the base of the upper ray or directly on the upper ray of the star.

This type is easily distinguished from all subsequent options by the presence of a flange at the base of the threaded screw.

Type 5 "Three rivets"

Numbers 24417 - 28750

The fifth type of the Order of the Red Star was produced in the first year of the war after the evacuation of the Leningrad Mint to Krasnokamsk. Its main difference was that the central medallion with a Red Army soldier and inscriptions is attached not by soldering, but by three rivets. Rivets are visible on the reverse, at 12, 5 and 7 o'clock around the screw. The “MINT” mark is located on the upper ray of the star in two lines. The number, as before, is located at the bottom, below the threaded screw and rivets.

Type 6 "Late Mint"

Numbers 235999 - 3083725

The sixth type of the Order of the Red Star has become the most widespread, and accordingly the least valuable among collectors. The main difference from the fourth type is the absence of a flange at the base of the threaded screw. The threaded screw is made of 925-sterling silver, pin diameter 4 mm, length 11 mm (15 mm after 1951), attached to the order by soldering, in a specially drilled recess.

The clamping nut has a diameter of 33 mm, and is made of silver for early badges, or cupronickel/nickel silver for badges issued after February 1944.

Type 7 "New medallion"

Numbers 3084250 - 3878987

The last, seventh type of the Order of the Red Star appeared in 1952. Its distinctive feature was the new medallion stamp. In the new stamp, a Red Army soldier points with his bayonet between the letters "O" and "E" in the word "UNITE." In all previous versions, the tip of the bayonet pointed to the letter “O”. In addition, the figure of the Red Army soldier himself has changed slightly; he is leaning forward a little more, and his right leg is turned to the right.

On the reverse, as in earlier versions, there is the mark “MINT” located in two lines, at the base of the upper ray of the star. The medallion number was applied in the lower part with a burr until 1968, and by burr in the period from 1968 to 1991.

Statute of the Order of the Red Star

The Order of the Red Star was established to reward great achievements in the defense of the USSR both in war and peacetime, in ensuring state security.

The Order of the Red Star is awarded to:

• soldiers of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal troops, employees of the bodies of the State Security Committee of the USSR, as well as members of the rank-and-file and commanding staff of internal affairs bodies;
• military units, warships, formations and associations, enterprises, institutions, organizations.

The Order of the Red Star can also be awarded to military personnel of foreign countries.

The Order of the Red Star is awarded to:

• For personal courage and bravery in battle, excellent organization and skillful leadership of military operations that contributed to the success of our troops;
• For successful fighting military units and connections, as a result of which significant damage was inflicted on the enemy;
• For services to ensuring state security and inviolability of the state border of the USSR;
• For courage and bravery shown in the performance of military or official duty, in conditions involving risk to life;
• For exemplary performance of special command assignments and other feats accomplished in peacetime conditions;
• For great services in maintaining high combat readiness of troops, excellent performance in combat and political training, mastery of new military equipment and other services in strengthening the defense power of the USSR;
• For services to the development of military science and technology, training personnel for the Armed Forces of the USSR;
• For services to strengthening the defense capability of the states of the socialist community.

The Order of the Red Star is awarded upon the proposal of the USSR Ministry of Defense, the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the USSR KGB, respectively.

The Order of the Red Star is worn on the right side of the chest and, in the presence of other orders, is located after the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree.

(From a special correspondent for Red Star)

Our line of defense on one section of the front stretched for a long distance along the river, separating the unit stationed here from the enemy. It was here that there was less data about his strengths and means. The pilots saw tanks in the depths of the German positions, observers discovered a concentration of artillery. But what parts these are, how many there are, what they are going to do - no one could establish.

Several times our fighters tried to search and capture the “tongue”. They swam across the river and got to the shore, but here a strong fire stopped them. Sometimes the Germans opened fire even when the boat with our soldiers was in the middle of the river. The fighters changed the direction of the search, but everything was repeated as before. Only once did they manage to freely go deep into the coastal strip in an area covered with thickets of reeds and surrounded by a viscous swamp.

The soldiers walked along the swamp without meeting a single enemy soldier. Then they decided to go even deeper into the German rear through the swamp. Now they were already at the target, but at that time the machine gun began firing, rockets flashed, and the search again ended in vain. It turned out that the Germans were vigilantly guarding their positions both from the front and from the flank.

Long-term observation of the enemy made it possible to discover that he was concentrating all his forces on the front line. There were no Germans in the nearest village, located only two or three kilometers from the coast. Only once a day, at 12 o’clock, one or more cars drove up here. Apparently, the Germans took food from the population. By about two o'clock in the afternoon they were returning to their dugouts and trenches. In this village it was decided to set up an ambush to capture a prisoner.

The task was, at first glance, not so difficult. Using a swamp that was not guarded by anyone, it was as if one could send a group of fighters to the village, and they would do what was needed. But the Germans came here in a large armed detachment. In addition, their positions were partly in close proximity to locality. Consequently, it could not be expected that the daring seizure of the “tongue” in broad daylight behind enemy lines would be successful without any support. The combat work of an ambush, like any other type of combat, requires clear organization and thoughtful interaction.

The detachment commander, Senior Lieutenant Malt, decided to divide his people into three groups - one capturing and two supporting. Air reconnaissance data showed that the enemy had tanks in the ravine behind the village, and Comrade. Malt decided to reinforce one support group with three anti-tank rifles. He placed observers on the highest point of our shore, who were supposed to inform him about everything that was happening on the enemy’s side and which he himself would not be able to see. Communication with observers was carried out via radio. In the same way, there was an agreement between the scouts and the artillerymen, who, if necessary, were to cover the detachment with fire.

It was clear to the detachment where they needed to cross. All that remained was to choose a convenient time to cross and enter the village. The senior lieutenant decided that it would be best to do this at dawn. At night the Germans are expecting our reconnaissance. Of course, they will also monitor the swamp, where a search attempt has already been made once. And at dawn, judging by the reports of our observers, the enemy’s vigilance weakens. This means that this is the best time for the operation.

The sun was just rising when three boats landed in the reeds. Three fighters immediately headed to the village. Soon a report came from them that there were no Germans there. After this, the entire detachment was drawn into the village. His battle formation was built as follows. In a grove on the outskirts of the village, near the road along which German vehicles usually passed, a captivating group led by Lieutenant Dyachenko settled down. Anti-tank rifles were positioned along another road leading to the ravine where the German tanks were located. The second support group, reinforced with machine guns, covered the retreat and controlled the path to the swamp so that the Germans could not cut off our fighters. Senior Lieutenant Malt had with him two radio operators, one machine gunner, as well as messengers from all groups. Now everything was ready to meet the enemy. All that remained was to wait for him.

As time went. It was clear: the Germans did not notice how our soldiers crossed the river, and did not even control the swamp with separate patrols. The detachment could calmly carry out its task.

At about 12 o'clock a covered German truck appeared near the village. When he drove into the grove, the captivating group, at the command of Lieutenant Dyachenko, suddenly opened fire. At the same time, grenades were thrown at the car. The enemy was taken by surprise. The soldiers killed most of the Germans, one non-commissioned officer who jumped out of the car was grabbed by the Red Army soldier Shevchenko, two managed to escape. It took a few more minutes to search the truck and the dead, and take away all the documents they had. Having finished their work, the exciting group began to retreat to the river.

It was like complete luck. But the two Germans who escaped apparently reported our ambush to their tank crews. Along the road from the ravine, three German tanks moved towards the village. To allow the detachment to retreat, the anti-tank rifle crews took the blow. They calmly allowed the tanks to approach them and knocked out one of them. The other two tanks, which carried the landing party, continued to move straight towards the armor-piercers. Now the exciting group was already at the river. The armor-piercers had no need to linger, and Senior Lieutenant Malt ordered them to retreat through the grove to the swamp. The tanks walked around the grove and, almost at the same time as the armor-piercing troops, reached the reed thickets. But here they were already powerless: the swamp did not allow them to move further.

A fight began with the German paratroopers, who tried to get into the reeds. Now the machine guns of the second support group came into action. Having apparently decided that nothing could be done in the swamp anyway, the Germans retreated. Only the tanks, standing at the edge of the thicket, fired indiscriminately, which had no effect, because the tankers could not see anything in front of them. Our soldiers approached the boats. Senior Lieutenant Solod, who reported all the details of the battle by radio, conveyed the last instructions to the artillerymen - to cover the crossing of the fighters to their shore from the flanks.

Thanks to clear support and well-thought-out organization of actions, the ambush carried out its task perfectly and did not lose a single person. Let us briefly dwell on some of the details that ensured the success of the detachment. The anti-tank gun crews were not too lazy to equip their positions in the same way as in a normal defensive battle. The second support group was partially located in the trees, which allowed it to suddenly open fire on the enemy from above and throw grenades at them. It goes without saying that all the fighters were well camouflaged and constantly conducted surveillance, which largely complemented the testimony of the control prisoner.

On the same day, having compared the information received from the prisoner with data from aerial reconnaissance, neighbors and entries in observation logs, the detachment commander was able to report to the unit commander what the enemy’s strength and intentions were. This alone made it worth the effort and time spent organizing the ambush. // Captain. ACTIVE ARMY.

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

A BAD RAID ON AN ENEMY DUGGER

WESTERN FRONT, May 24. (By telegraph from our correspondent). A group of reconnaissance units from the N unit, led by Lieutenant Zakharov, made a night raid on the enemy dugout.

The approaches to the Germans' location were firmly fortified: the swamp, as well as a wire fence stretched in three rows, served as reliable protection. Here, at a height wedged into the neutral zone, the enemy set up his firing point, and forty meters from it - a dugout.

At 23:00 the scouts began to covertly cross the swamp. When they reached the halfway point, the Germans opened machine-gun fire. But this did not stop the daredevils. They continued to move forward.

Having approached the wire fence at a distance of 30 meters, the scouts lay down. Sappers with two submachine gunners for cover moved forward and quickly cut through the wire. The capture group, led by junior lieutenant Shavshin, crawled into the passages and almost reached the enemy’s firing point. Suddenly the Germans fired a red rocket. The scouts huddled tightly to the ground and did not move until the rocket went out.

The Germans continued to fire their machine guns indiscriminately. Taking advantage of this, junior lieutenant Shavshin and scout Mikhmel crawled even closer and rushed into the machine-gun nest, followed by scout Dubarev. Shavshin hit one German on the back of the head with a machine gun, Mikhmel dealt with the second, and Dubarev finished off the third. At this time, scout Aldoshkin threw grenades into the communication passages and blocked the Germans’ exit. The covering group threw grenades at the enemy dugout located 40 meters away.

The Germans were so stunned by the suddenness of the fire that they did not fire a single shot. Having captured the "tongue", the scouts safely returned to their unit.

Subject: Warfare, military history

Authenticity Guarantee: Seller's Warranty

Topics of the issue. Articles, photos.

1 page:

Order and medal-glory of the Soviet warrior. Decree on approval of designs and description of ribbons for orders and medals of the USSR and rules for wearing orders and medals, order ribbons and insignia, Description of ribbons for orders and medals of the USSR and blocks for order ribbons. Orders (Photo) ,Exhibition of samples of captured weapons in Moscow - announcement.

Page 2:

Orders and medals and rules for wearing them (Photo)

Page 3:

Operational report of the Information Bureau of June 19, Decree on conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (list of names), Study of enemy tactics. I.d.

Page 4:

Streamlining the payment of monetary allowances to the wounded, Fascist violence against the population of France, Night on the armor (Story by Major Z. Hiren) etc.

100% original, from a binder. Condition in the photo.

Do not make rash bets, look at the photos carefully. Unverified users with a rating of less than 2 must first confirm their bid via “Ask the seller a question”, otherwise the bids will be deleted. No offense! Before placing a bid, think: do you need such a lot? All questions about the lot and payment before purchase! If you do not contact or refuse to pay, negative feedback is guaranteed, the lot will be rearranged. Sending by mail. Prepayment. Delivery cost 100 rubles. By purchasing several of my lots you save on shipping! I only accept cash and postal electronic transfer for payment.
Contact system, Migom, Sberbank card. The lot is not sent outside the Russian Federation! Look at my other lots. Read the terms of the transaction carefully! If you do not agree with at least one of the points, do not place bets! Good luck!