Presentation for the 125th anniversary of Tsvetaeva. Script, presentation for the reading competition for the anniversary of Marina Tsvetaeva

Marina Tsvetaeva Life and work of the poet

Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva (September 26 (October 8) 1892, Moscow, Russian Empire - August 31, 1941, Elabuga, USSR) - Russian poetess, prose writer, translator, one of the largest Russian poets of the 20th century.

Marina Tsvetaeva was born on September 26 (October 8), 1892 in Moscow, on the day when the Orthodox Church celebrates the memory of the Evangelist John the Theologian. This coincidence is reflected in several of the poet’s poems. The rowan tree lit up with a red brush. Leaves fell, I was born. Hundreds of Bells argued. The day was Saturday: John the Theologian.

Her father, Ivan Vladimirovich, is a professor at Moscow University, a famous philologist and art critic; later became director of the Rumyantsev Museum and founder of the Museum of Fine Arts.

Mother, Maria Alexandrovna Main (by origin - from a Russified Polish-German family), was a pianist, a student of Anton Rubinstein. Her mother had a huge influence on Marina and on the formation of her character. She dreamed of seeing her daughter become a musician.

After her mother's death from consumption in 1906, Marina and her sister Anastasia were left in the care of their father. Anastasia (left) and Marina Tsvetaeva. Yalta, 1905. ...The azure island of childhood is becoming paler, We are standing alone on the deck. Apparently, you left sadness as a legacy, oh mother, to your girls!

Tsvetaeva's childhood years were spent in Moscow and Tarusa. Due to her mother's illness, she lived for long periods in Italy, Switzerland and Germany. “House of Tjo” was purchased in 1899 by M. Tsvetaeva’s maternal grandfather A.D. Maine. After his death, his second wife, whom the young Marina and Asya nicknamed “Tyo,” lived in the house for the last 20 years of her life. Tyo from “aunt”, since it was not her own grandmother who told her to call her aunt. The nickname "Tyo" also passed on to the house. Marina and Anastasia Tsvetaev lived in this house during their winter visits to Tarusa in 1907-1910.

Marina Ivanovna received her primary education in Moscow, at the private women's gymnasium M. T. Bryukhonenko. She continued it in boarding houses in Lausanne (Switzerland) and Freiburg (Germany). At the age of sixteen, she took a trip to Paris to attend a short course of lectures on Old French literature at the Sorbonne.

In 1910, Marina published (in the printing house of A. A. Levenson) with her own money the first collection of poems - “Evening Album”. (The collection is dedicated to the memory of Maria Bashkirtseva, which emphasizes its “diary” orientation). “This book is not only a sweet book of girlish confessions, but also a book of beautiful poems” N. Gumilyov

The “Evening Album” was followed two years later by a second collection, “The Magic Lantern.” Tsvetaeva's early work was significantly influenced by Nikolai Nekrasov, Valery Bryusov and Maximilian Voloshin (the poetess stayed at Voloshin's house in Koktebel in 1911, 1913, 1915 and 1917). In 1913, the third collection, “From Two Books,” was published.

I defiantly wear his ring Yes, a wife in eternity, not on paper! - His excessively narrow face is like a sword... His mouth is silent, with corners down, His eyebrows are painfully magnificent. In his face two ancient bloods tragically merged... In his face I am faithful to chivalry, To all those who lived and died without fear! - Such - in fatal times - They compose stanzas - and go to the chopping block. June 3, 1914 In 1911, Tsvetaeva met her future husband Sergei Efron.

On January 27, 1912, the wedding of Marina Tsvetaeva and Sergei Efron took place. In the same year, Marina and Sergei had a daughter, Ariadna (Alya).

In the summer of 1916, Tsvetaeva arrived in the city of Alexandrov, where her sister Anastasia Tsvetaeva lived with her common-law husband Mavrikiy Mints and son Andrei. In Alexandrov, Tsvetaeva wrote a series of poems (“To Akhmatova,” “Poems about Moscow,” and other poems), and literary scholars later called her stay in the city “Marina Tsvetaeva’s Alexandrov Summer.” The Tsvetaeva sisters with children, S. Efron, M. Mints (standing on the right). Alexandrov, 1916

In 1914, Marina met the poetess and translator Sofia Parnok; their romantic relationship continued until 1916. Tsvetaeva dedicated the cycle of poems “Girlfriend” to Parnok. Tsvetaeva described her relationship with Parnok as “the first disaster in her life.”

In 1917, Tsvetaeva gave birth to a daughter, Irina, who died of starvation in an orphanage in Kuntsevo (then in the Moscow region) at the age of 3 years. Ariadne (left) and Irina Efron. 1919 The years of the Civil War turned out to be very difficult for Tsvetaeva. Sergei Efron served in the White Army. Marina lived in Moscow, on Borisoglebsky Lane. During these years, the cycle of poems “Swan Camp” appeared, imbued with sympathy for the white movement. House in Borisoglebsky Lane, 6, in which M. Tsvetaeva lived from 1914 to 1922

In May 1922, Tsvetaeva and her daughter Ariadna were allowed to go abroad to join her husband, who, having survived the defeat of Denikin as a white officer, had now become a student at the University of Prague. At first, Tsvetaeva and her daughter lived for a short time in Berlin, then for three years on the outskirts of Prague. Marina Tsvetaeva in 1924 Homesickness! A long-debunked problem! I don’t care at all - Where to be completely alone, over what stones to walk home with a market purse To a house that doesn’t know what is mine, Like a hospital or a barracks... 1934

In 1925, after the birth of their son George, the family moved to Paris. Moore (Georgy Sergeevich Efron), son of Marina Tsvetaeva. Paris, 1930s. M.I. Tsvetaeva with her husband and children, 1925

Most of what Tsvetaeva created in exile remained unpublished. In 1928, the poetess’s last lifetime collection, “After Russia,” was published in Paris, which included poems from 1922-1925. Later, Tsvetaeva writes about it this way: “My failure in emigration is that I am not an emigrant, that I am in spirit, that is, in air and in scope - there, there, from there...”.

On March 15, 1937, Ariadna left for Moscow, the first in her family to have the opportunity to return to her homeland. On October 10 of the same year, Efron fled from France, having become involved in a contracted political murder. In 1939, Tsvetaeva returned to the USSR following her husband and daughter. Upon arrival, she lived at the NKVD dacha in Bolshevo (now the Museum-Apartment of M. I. Tsvetaeva in Bolshevo). M.I. Tsvetaeva, France, 1939. Passport photo before returning to her homeland Tsvetaeva House-Museum in Bolshevo, city of Korolev

On August 27, daughter Ariadne was arrested, and on October 10, Efron. In August 1941, Sergei Yakovlevich was shot; Ariadne was rehabilitated in 1955 after fifteen years of repression. During this period, Tsvetaeva practically did not write poetry, doing translations. Sergei Efron with his daughter Ariadna (Alya), 1930s

On August 31, 1941, Marina Tsvetaeva committed suicide by hanging herself in the house where she and her son were assigned to stay. She left three suicide notes: to those who would bury her (the evacuees, Aseev and her son). The house where M.I. committed suicide. Tsvetaeva Posthumous note to her son

Marina Tsvetaeva was buried on September 2, 1941 at the Peter and Paul Cemetery in Elabuga. The exact location of her grave is unknown. On the high bank of the Oka, in her beloved city of Tarusa, according to Tsvetaeva’s will, a stone (Tarusa dolomite) was installed with the inscription “Marina Tsvetaeva would like to lie here.”

Thank you for your attention!

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Text content of presentation slides: For the anniversary of Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva (1892-1941) Chemistry teacher Irina Prokopyevna Burakova, MKU Alygdzher boarding school, Nizhneudinsky district, Irkutsk region, 2012.

The Rowan tree lit up with a red brush. The leaves were falling, I was born. Hundreds of Bells were arguing. It was Saturday: John the Theologian
You, whose dreams are still unawakened, Whose movements are still quiet, Go to Trekhprudny alley, If you love my poems. Oh, how sunny and how starry The first volume of life has begun, I beg you - before it’s too late, Come see our house!

In the photo: Marina Tsvetaeva with her father. 1906
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style.rotation Marina Tsvetaeva. 1911 Photo by Maximilian Voloshin

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ppt_xppt_y In the photo: Marina Tsvetaeva in 1900.
In the photo: Marina Tsvetaeva and Sergei Efron. 1911

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In the photo: Marina Tsvetaeva with Moore - in the center, Pantanyac, 1928.

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Houses are up to the stars, and the sky is lower, The earth is close to him in a dream. In big and joyful Paris, There is still the same secret melancholy. The evening boulevards are noisy, The last ray of dawn has faded. Everywhere, everywhere there are couples, couples, Trembling lips and audacity of eyes. I am alone here . It’s so sweet to cling to the trunk of a chestnut tree! And Rostand’s verse cries in your heart Like there, in abandoned Moscow. In the photo: Marina Tsvetaeva with her son, Versailles, 1930.

In the photo: Marina Tsvetaeva with her son Georgiy. 1935
House of M. Tsvetaeva. Borisoglebsky lane, Moscow
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Marina Tsvetaeva lived here in 1911-1912. Moscow, Sivtsev Vrazhek, 19
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A poem by Marina Tsvetaeva on the wall of one of the houses in Leiden (Netherlands)
style.fontStylestyle.fontWeightstyle.textDecorationUnderline Who is created from stone, who is created from clay, - And I silver and sparkle! My business is treason, my name is Marina, I am the mortal foam of the sea. Who is created from clay, who is created from flesh - Thus the coffin and tombstones... - I was baptized in the font of the sea - and in my flight - I am incessantly broken! Through every heart, through every net, my self-will will break through. Me - do you see these dissolute curls? - You cannot make earthly salt. Crushing on your granite knees, I am resurrected with every wave! Long live the foam - cheerful foam - High sea foam!
ppt_xppt_y Materials used https://yandex.ru/search/?lr=11268&clid=2219618&win=215&msid=1474169012.47056.22897.1094&text=%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE+%D0%9C%D0%B0 %D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%A6%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0 %B9&suggest_reqid=209999518138288003054894899955648&csg=7648%2C19738%2C21%2C21%2C0%2C1%2C0

If the soul was born winged...

Marina Ivanovna

Tsvetaeva

( 1892-1941)

My poems, like precious wines, will have their turn...

I was born

Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva was born in Moscow on October 8, 1892 in the family of professor Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev and pianist Maria Alexandrovna Main, at that moment bells suddenly rang throughout Moscow. And there was also a sign of fate - a rowan tree. The old-timers of Moscow did not remember that there were so many rowan trees.

M. Tsvetaeva around 1893

I still want to chew

Red rowan bitter brush

M. Tsvetaeva 1924

The Tsvetaev family

Father Ivan Vladimirovich Tsvetaev, professor at Moscow University, art critic and philologist, later founder of the Museum of Fine Arts, now the Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin.

M. Tsvetaeva with her father

Mother Maria Alexandrovna Main came from a Russified Polish-German family and was a talented pianist.

M.F. Maine - mother of M. Tsvetaeva

Moscow

Trekhprudny Lane in Moscow

Country sofa from the Tsvetaevs' house in Moscow

M. Tsvetaeva at the piano in the Tsvetaevs’ house in Moscow

First collection of poems "Evening Album" 1910

The sincere, spontaneous poems of eighteen-year-old Marina Tsvetaeva pleased the discerning Valery Bryusov. And the poet and critic Maximilian Voloshin, who lived in Moscow, even more approved of the published collection

Confession of a poet

My soul is so joyfully attracted to you!

Oh, what grace blows

From the pages of the Evening Album!

(Why an album and not a notebook?)

... Your book is news “from there”,

Morning good news.

I have not accepted a miracle for a long time,

But how sweet it is to hear: “There is a miracle!”

Poet M. Voloshin

Through every heart, Through every network, my self-will will break through

Do not borrow anything from anyone, do not imitate, do not be influenced, “be yourself” - this is how Tsvetaeva came out of childhood and remained this way forever. She is a bright, original poet, confident in her further poetic success.

M. Tsvetaeva 1914

M. Tsvetaeva

Carnelian Bay in Koktebel

They fly, written hastily,

Hot from bitterness and negativity.

Crucified between love and love

My moment, my hour, my day, my year, my century.

M. Tsvetaeva and S. Efron

Tsvetaeva in the circle of contemporary poets

B. Pasternak

V.Ya. Portrait of Bryusov by M. Vrubel

A. Akhmatova

V. Mayakovsky

For the path of comets is the path of poets...

"Swan Camp" (1917-1921)

S. Efron on a hospital train, 1915

First Infantry Division of the Volunteer Army at the front 1919

General Alekseev - Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army, founder of the Volunteer Army

"Versts" 1921

Your name is a bird in your hand,

Your name is like a piece of ice on the tongue.

One single movement of the lips.

Your name is five letters.

A. Akhmatova

We are crowned by the fact that we trample the same ground with you, that the sky above us is the same! And the one who is wounded by your mortal fate, Already immortal, descends to his deathbed.

In exile

Neither to the city nor to the village - Go, my son, to your country, - To the region - on the contrary to all regions! Where to go back - forward Go, - especially - for you, who has never seen Rus', My child... Mine? Her – Child!

Georgy Efron 1940

Return

Russia, you are your poets

She was a cruel stepmother.

May God forgive you for this.

I haven't forgiven. I could not.

M. Tsvetaeva 1941

Cross on the grave of M. Tsvetaeva

House-Museum of M. Tsvetaeva in Elabuga

Will

You who are about to be born

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

1 slide

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To the 120th anniversary of the birth of M. I. Tsvetaeva. An extracurricular event held with children of the KOU VO "TsLPDO" Grafsky sanatorium for children. Teacher Pavlova A.V. Acquaintance with the work and tragic fate of the wonderful Russian poet M.I. Tsvetaeva To the 120th anniversary of the birth of M. I. Tsvetaeva. An extracurricular event held with children of the KOU VO "TsLPDO" Grafsky sanatorium for children. Teacher Pavlova A.V. Acquaintance with the work and tragic fate of the wonderful Russian poet M.I. Tsvetaeva

2 slide

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BIOGRAPHY OF THE POETESS Objectives: - to introduce the main milestones in the life of M. Tsvetaeva - to make an initial acquaintance with the lyrics and letters of M. Tsvetaeva; - create an atmosphere of “immersion” in the work of the master.

3 slide

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4 slide

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CREATIVE WAY OF A POETESS. Tsvetaeva began writing poetry at the age of six, publishing at the age of sixteen; in 1910, while still in school uniform, secretly from her family, she released a rather voluminous collection, “Evening Album.” He was noticed and approved by such discerning critics as M. Voloshin and V. Bryusov, N. Gumilyov. “The Evening Album,” Voloshin wrote, “is a wonderful book, filled with truly feminine charm.” In Voloshin, “beloved and dear Max,” she found a friend for life.

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About a hundred years ago, a very young and unknown Marina created a now widely known poem, which became a kind of prediction. Reading the poem “To my poems written so early...”

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In the winter of 1910-1911, Voloshin invited Marina Tsvetaeva and her sister Anastasia (Asya) to spend the summer of 1911 in Koktebel, where he lived. There Tsvetaeva met Sergei Yakovlevich Efron. In Sergei Efron, Tsvetaeva saw the embodied ideal of nobility, chivalry and, at the same time, defenselessness. Love for Efron was for her admiration, spiritual union, and almost maternal care. Tsvetaeva perceived her meeting with him as the beginning of a new, adult life and as finding happiness: In January 1912, the wedding of Marina Tsvetaeva and Sergei Efron took place. On September 5, their daughter Ariadna (Alya) was born.

7 slide

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Their family life was cloudless at first, but not for long. And these first 5-6 years were probably the happiest compared to all subsequent years.

8 slide

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The poem “Forgive me, my mountains!” Meanwhile, it was already the eve of the revolution. The war was going on and there was no end in sight. The poems caused by the war sound tragic, sad, and disastrous. The voice in defense of a suffering person in Tsvetaeva’s poems is clearly audible. The plight of the people was what pierced her soul.

Slide 9

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The poem “Two Hands” sounds. At that time, hunger, cold and devastation reigned in the country. On November 27, 1919, M. Tsvetaeva, on someone’s advice, sent Alya and Irina to the Kuntsevo orphanage, where the children were not fed, but were robbed. In January 1920, seriously ill Alya M. Tsvetaeva was taken from the shelter and settled with friends, and on February 15 (or 16) Irina died in the shelter.

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After a while, it turned out that Sergei was carried away to the Czech Republic by the wave of retreat of Kornilov’s army, he became an emigrant. White officer Sergei Efron from now on turned into a dream for Marina, into a beautiful “white swan”, heroic and doomed. Marina takes a decisive step: in 1922 she goes to her husband. Thus began her seventeen-year Odyssey abroad - first briefly - Germany, then - the Czech Republic. They lived in the Czech Republic for more than three years. Here in February 1925 their son Georgy was born.

11 slide

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And, finally, France... Here Tsvetaeva lived for thirteen and a half years. Tsvetaeva did not take root in emigration. More and more often, her poems, poems, and prose were rejected by newspapers and magazines. In 1928, the last lifetime collection, “After Russia,” appeared, which included poems from the years 22-25. But Tsvetaeva wrote for another 15 years.

12 slide

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In 1936-37, Tsvetaeva was already preparing to leave for her homeland. Ariadne left first, followed by Sergei Yakovlevich. In the summer of 1939, Marina and Georgy returned to Russia. The husband and daughter were arrested. The Great Patriotic War begins. Evacuation with my son to the small Tatarian town of Elabuga. The separation of her son, who painfully experienced the terrible troubles that befell him, sharply aggravated Marina’s loneliness. She continued to work: she prepared a collection, translated a lot... Marina no longer had Sergei: he was shot in 1941. She didn't know what was wrong with her daughter. A gap grew between her and her son. The meeting with reading Russia did not take place...

Slide 13

EARLY LYRICS IN TSVETAEVA’S WORK
Following the “Evening Album”, two more collections of poetry by Tsvetaeva appeared: “The Magic Lantern” (1912) and “From Two Books” (1913) - both under the brand of the Ole-Lukoje publishing house, the home enterprise of Sergei Efron, a friend of Tsvetaeva’s youth , whom she would marry in 1912. At this time, Tsvetaeva - “magnificent and victorious” - was already living a very intense spiritual life.
By that time, Tsvetaeva already knew her worth as a poet in 1914. she writes in her diary: “I am unshakably confident in my poems,” but did absolutely nothing to establish and ensure her human and literary destiny. Marina’s love of life was embodied, first of all, in her love for Russia and Russian speech. Marina loved the city in which she was born very much; she dedicated many poems to Moscow.
From my hands - miraculous hail
…
Over the city rejected by Peter, The thunder of the bells rolled. The thunderous surf overturned Over the woman rejected by you. Praise be to Tsar Peter and to you, O Tsar! But above you, kings, are the bells. While they thunder from the blue - The primacy of Moscow is undeniable. And as many as forty forty churches, They laugh at the pride of kings!