Presentation on pedagogy on the topic "general ideas about pedagogy." Pedagogy as a science of education Education as a social phenomenon

PEDAGOGY AS A SCIENCE Questions 1. Essence, object, subject, main categories and tasks of pedagogy 2. The relationship of pedagogy with other sciences. The structure of modern pedagogical science

Literature: Rean, A. A. Pedagogy: Textbook. manual for university students: UMO stamp / - St. Petersburg. 2007. - 432 p. : ill. Podlasy I. P. Pedagogy. In 2 books. – M. 2002. – 576 p. Slastenin V. A. et al. Pedagogy: textbook for universities. – M.: Academy, 2008.

Object and subject of science The object of science is the side of reality that this science is aimed at studying. The subject of science is the side or sides by which the object of science is presented in it.

Object of pedagogy PEDAGOGICAL FACT (PHENOMENON) Phenomena of reality that determine the development of the human individual in the process of purposeful activity of society

Subject of pedagogy EDUCATION as an integral pedagogical process, purposefully organized in special institutions (educational and cultural institutions, family)

Pedagogy as a science Pedagogy as a science studies the essence, patterns, trends, prospects for the development of the pedagogical process (education) as a factor and means of human development throughout his life

Education is a joint activity between a teacher and a student, ensuring the assimilation of knowledge and mastery of methods for acquiring knowledge.

Education is a purposeful process of mastering sociocultural experience by a new generation in order to prepare it for social life and productive work.

Pedagogical (educational) system – Many interconnected structural components, united by a single educational goal of personal development and functioning in a holistic pedagogical process

The pedagogical process is a specially organized interaction between teachers and students regarding the content of education using teaching and upbringing tools in order to solve the problems of education, aimed at meeting the needs of society and the individual himself in his development and self-development

The tasks of pedagogy are to identify and study patterns in the field of education and training, management of educational and educational systems; study and dissemination of pedagogical experience; forecasting the further development of educational systems; development of new methods, means and forms of training and education; implementation of the results of pedagogical research into educational practice

Basic issues and problems of pedagogy The problem of the relationship between training and development The problem of the relationship between training and education The problem of the goals and content of education The problem of taking into account individual characteristics in the educational process Development and implementation of innovations in the educational process Psychological support for teachers

Definition Pedagogy is the science of human education;
This is an applied science that directs its efforts
to promptly resolve issues arising in society
problems of upbringing, education and training;
This is the science of how to educate a person, how
help him become spiritually rich, creatively
active;
Studies patterns, principles, content,
methods, forms of education, upbringing and
training
Name from Greek words
"paidos" - child; "ago" - to lead
Literally - “paidagogos” - teacher;

Pedagogy as a science and as an art

When
we are talking about education - it has 2
aspect:
Theoretical aspect - is the subject
scientific and pedagogical research. This
a set of theoretical and methodological
ideas on education issues;
Practical
educational
activity - requires the teacher to master
educational skills;
varying degrees of perfection

Problems that pedagogy explores

Studying
essence
And
patterns
development
And
personality formation and their influence
for education;
Determining the goals of education;
Development of educational content;
Research and development of methods
education

Object of pedagogy

An object
- this is the area of ​​reality,
which this science studies;
The object of pedagogy is phenomena
realities that determine
development
human
individual
V
process of purposeful activity
society
The object of pedagogy is education -
purposeful learning process and
education in the interests of man, society,
states

Subject of pedagogy

Item
is a way of seeing an object from
positions of this science;
Subject
pedagogy
is
consciously
And
purposefully
organized pedagogical process

Tasks of pedagogy

Revealing patterns in the areas of education,
education,
management
educational
And
educational systems;
Study and generalization of practice, experience of pedagogical
activities;
Development of new methods, means, forms, systems
training, education, management of educational
systems;
Forecasting education for the near and
distant future;
Control
functioning
pedagogical
system and management of its development;
Implementation of research results into practice;
Development of theoretical and methodological foundations
innovation processes

Functions of pedagogy

Scientific and theoretical
– theoretical
analysis of pedagogical patterns
process;
Prognostic – prediction of development
pedagogical reality;
Structural and technical – development
methods and technologies;
Practical
(transformative,
applied)
–
improvement
teaching practice

The connection between pedagogy and other sciences

Philosophy,
Ethics, aesthetics;
Story;
Literature;
Geography;
Anthropology;
Medicine;
Ecology;
Economy;
Archeology;
Mathematics;
Sociology, etc.;
Psychology;
Anatomy and physiology

System of educational sciences (1)

-
-
General pedagogy:
General fundamentals of pedagogy;
Learning theory (didactics);
Education theory;
Management of educational processes;
Age-related pedagogy:
Pre-school (nursery) pedagogy;
Preschool pedagogy;
School pedagogy;
Higher education pedagogy;
Adult Pedagogy;
Androgogy (pedagogy for older people)

System of educational sciences (2)

Social pedagogy (family pedagogy,
re-education of offenders);
Special pedagogy:
- Deaf pedagogy (hard of hearing, deaf);
- Typhlopedagogy (blind);
- Oligophrenopedagogy (mentally retarded);
- Speech therapy (speech disorder)
Comparative Pedagogy;
Ethnopedagogy;
History of pedagogy;
Professional pedagogy (military, engineering,
medical, etc.)
Curative pedagogy;
Corrective labor pedagogy;
Particular and subject methods

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Slide captions:

GBPOU VO "Buturlinovsky Pedagogical College" Pedagogy in the system of human sciences Kuznetsova Vera Pavlovna

Basic questions Pedagogy as an anthropological science The emergence and development of pedagogical science Branches of pedagogical science The connection of pedagogy with other sciences The general cultural significance of pedagogy. Analysis of educational paradigms in world pedagogical practice Methodological approaches and their significance in social and professional activities Methods and types of pedagogical research

Pedagogy belongs to the anthropological sciences. The object of pedagogy is the reality of life in the state and society, all their spheres, structures, institutions, families and individuals, which influence the education, good manners, training and development of citizens, ensuring their self-realization and self-affirmation in life. The subject of pedagogy is pedagogical. reality in the state and society, their structures, special pedagogical institutions, the work and life of people, each person and existing in the form of patterns, facts, mechanisms of education, upbringing, training and development

Main categories (concepts) of pedagogy Education is a specially organized and purposeful interaction between teachers and students to acquire knowledge, skills, development of students’ abilities and the formation of their worldview. Education (in a broad sense) is the function of human society to transfer accumulated experience (scientific knowledge) to new generations , abilities, skills, labor operations, morality, religion, art). Education (in the narrow sense) is a specially organized and purposeful formation of personality, the professional activity of a teacher. Education is the process and result of the transfer and appropriation by a person of a system of knowledge, skills, experience of creative activity, and relationships. Education varies in level (primary, secondary, higher) and in content (general and special, professional: for example, technical, humanitarian, pedagogical)

Pedagogical science arose in the 17th century. The founder of pedagogy is the great Czech teacher Jan Amos Comenius. He outlined the basic pedagogical principles and principles in the book “The Great Didactics”.

Classics of world pedagogy Socrates (469 - 399 BC) - ancient Greek philosopher, author of heuristic conversation as a teaching method that encourages a person to recognize contradictions and self-knowledge J. A. Komensky (1592 - 1670) - Czech teacher, humanist thinker, founder of pedagogy as a science, creator of the classroom-lesson teaching system J. Locke (1632 - 1704) - English philosopher and teacher, creator of the theory of education of a gentleman J. J. Rousseau (1712 - 1778) - French writer and philosopher, creator of the theory of natural and free education I. G. Pestalozzi (1746 - 1827) - Swiss teacher, creator of the theory of developing elementary primary education and moral education I. F. Herbart (1776 - 1841) - German philosopher, psychologist, teacher, creator of the theory of educational training and multifaceted interest as pedagogical purpose

Classics of world pedagogy A. Disterweg (1790 - 1866) - German democratic teacher, creator of the theory of developmental and educational education K. D. Ushinsky (1824 - 1870/71) - Russian teacher, founder of scientific pedagogy in Russia, supporter of the unity of the national and universal in education P. F. Lesgaft (1837 - 1909) - Russian teacher, creator of the system of physical education for children and adults J. Dewey (1859 - 1952) - American philosopher and teacher, founder of pragmatic pedagogy A. S. Makarenko (1888 - 1939) - Soviet teacher and writer, creator of the theory of children's collective V. A. Sukhomlinsky (1918 - 1970) - Soviet teacher, researcher of problems of family, moral and civic education

Pedagogical sources Folk pedagogy Pedagogical experience Scientific and pedagogical literature Educational and educational literature Fiction and memoirs Works of fine art Video and audio sources Pedagogical periodicals, etc.

Main branches of pedagogy General pedagogy studies the general laws of human upbringing, education and training. It has sections: 1) didactics - theory of learning and education; 2) theory of education History of pedagogy studies the development of pedagogical teachings and practices from ancient times to the present day Philosophy of education develops the methodology (main ideas, principles, methods) of pedagogical science Particular methods explore the patterns of teaching and learning specific academic disciplines Comparative pedagogy deals with the analysis of upbringing, education and training in different countries Professional pedagogy studies issues of upbringing, education and training of people of different professions

The main branches of pedagogy Special pedagogy studies the upbringing, education and training of people with developmental disabilities (for example, deaf, blind, mentally retarded) Social pedagogy studies the upbringing of a person in the living environment. Has sections: - family pedagogy; - out-of-school care and education; - re-education of offenders Age-related pedagogy studies the patterns of upbringing, education and training of a person at different ages. Has sections: - preschool pedagogy; - school pedagogy (pedagogy of primary, secondary, higher schools); - androgogy – adult pedagogy

Interdisciplinary connections of pedagogy Philosophy Psychology Physiology History Genetics Cybernetics Sociology Economics Political Science

Educational paradigms in world pedagogical practice knowledge and cultural technocratic and humanistic societal and human-oriented pedocentric and child-centric

The functions of the methodology of pedagogical science are epistemological (cognitive), praxeological (transformative), axiological (evaluative) or the function of criticism, reflexive, normative prescription, heuristic (creative)

The main methodological approaches in pedagogy: systemic, personal, activity-based, polysubjective (dialogical) axiological, cultural, anthropological, ethnopedagogical

Methods of scientific and pedagogical research Theoretical (analysis of literary sources; content analysis; modeling of pedagogical situations, etc.) Empirical (conversation, observation, pedagogical experiment, questioning, modeling, study of school and university documentation, etc.) Mathematical (scaling, registration, ranging)

Types of scientific and pedagogical research Fundamental Experimental Applied Methodological developments

Word " " has several meanings

Firstly, it denotes pedagogical science

Secondly, there is an opinion that pedagogy is an art, and thus it is equated with practice

Pedagogy is understood as a system of activities that is designed in educational materials, methods, recommendations, guidelines

This ambiguity often leads

to confusion, creates ambiguity

The science of human education gets its name from two Greek words: “ paidos » – « child " And " ago » – « lead ».

If translated literally, it means “ schoolmaster »,

that is, the one who guides the child through life.

It logically follows from this

object of pedagogy – child, person, personality.

Pedagogy is, in a broad sense, the science of human upbringing.

She studies the patterns of successful transfer of social experience of the older generation to the younger.

It exists in order to indicate in practice the easiest ways to achieve pedagogical goals and objectives, ways to implement the laws of education and teaching methods.

An ordered body of knowledge that reveals the essence of the processes of education, training and development and makes it possible to direct their movement in accordance with the goals set

OBJECT OF PEDAGOGY

area of ​​reality that this science explores

a way of seeing an object from the perspective of this science

TASKS OF PEDAGOGY

IDENTIFYING OBJECTIVE REGULARITIES OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

CREATION OF SCIENTIFICALLY BASED TRAINING AND EDUCATION SYSTEMS, NEW METHODS AND EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS

DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CONTENT OF EDUCATION AND CORRESPONDING METHODS, FORMS, SYSTEMS OF TRAINING, EDUCATION AND EDUCATION MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES

General pedagogy: fundamentals of pedagogy, didactics, theory of education, management of educational systems

Age-related pedagogy: preschool pedagogy, primary school pedagogy, secondary school pedagogy, higher school pedagogy

Special pedagogy: typhlopedagogy, deaf pedagogy, oligophrenic pedagogy, speech therapy

Other areas in pedagogy: museum, engineering, military, sports, music, industrial, penitentiary pedagogy, pedagogy of additional and vocational education

Interdisciplinary pedagogical disciplines: social pedagogy, ethnopedagogy, philosophy of upbringing and education, history of pedagogy, comparative pedagogy, sociology of education

New directions: humanistic pedagogy, pedagogy of non-violence, pedagogy of culture, therapeutic pedagogy, prenatal pedagogy, rehabilitation pedagogy, pedagogy of law, etc.

RELATIONSHIP OF PEDAGOGY

WITH OTHER SCIENCES

, like any science, has

sources

its structure

• Education as a pedagogical phenomenon.
• Personality formation.
• Education.
• Education.
• Self-education.
• Self-education.
• Holistic pedagogical process (HPP).
• Pedagogical interaction.
• Principles and patterns of the CPP.
• Contents, forms, methods and means of the CPP.
• Pedagogical technologies.

STRUCTURE OF PEDAGOGY

• Pedagogical theories
• Pedagogical systems
• Educational technologies

SOURCES OF PEDAGOGY

• Theoretical developments and research by scientists of the present and past.
• Pedagogical practice and experience.

BASIC ISSUES IN PEDAGOGY

Question

Aspect in pedagogy

Why are education and training necessary and what goals and objectives do they solve?

The purpose of education and goal setting in a holistic pedagogical process

Who carries out education and training and for whom?

Subjects of the pedagogical process (subjects of education: individual, family, school, society, state)

What to teach and what values ​​to convey in a holistic pedagogical process?

How to teach?

Methods, means, forms of training and education and general fundamental approaches to their development

Where to teach and educate and what should the pedagogical systems and educational models existing in the country be like?

System, types and forms of education

Who should manage the education system and how?

Management of pedagogical systems and educational models, personnel to perform these tasks

Education as a social phenomenon- the process of transferring socio-historical experience to new generations in order to prepare them for social life and work, carried out by society as a whole and in all spheres of public life and activity.

influence macro factors- country, state, society (level of development of production, social relations, ideology, politics), space, planet, world;

influence mesofactors- ethnicity, regional conditions, type of settlement, mass media;

influence microfactors- family, peers, subculture, educational institutions, religious and other associations.

Education as a pedagogical phenomenon- purposeful and systematic creation of conditions for a person’s mastery of culture, its translation into personal experience through organized long-term interaction with him and the influence on the development of the individual from the surrounding educational institutions, taking into account his potential capabilities in order to stimulate his self-development, independence and the formation of a free personality.

Educational influence is aimed

on specific person or certain group .

Education is carried out through:

• special educational institutions;
• organizations and associations:
• family, school (various types),
• institutions of social protection, support and correction;
• institutions of further education;
• children's and youth associations, clubs and community associations.

Let's first find out the meaning, the etymology of the word formation of the concept of “pedagogy”. The term “pedagogy” is derived from the Greek words paides – “child” and gogos – “to lead”. Thus, the literal translation of paidagogike means “childbirth.” Gradually, the word “pedagogy” began to mean the art of “leading a child through life,” that is, raising and teaching, directing his spiritual and physical development.

We can highlight the “everyday” meaning of pedagogy, when each person acts as a “teacher” teaching and raising their children, family members, and friends. Pedagogy can be considered as a special field of activity for the upbringing and training of a person (the transfer of life and social experience from the older generation to the younger). The meaning of the term "Pedagogy"

Pedagogy is understood as a science and, at the same time, as a branch of human studies. Pedagogy learns and improves ways to influence human development. Pedagogy is an academic discipline that includes theoretical and practical aspects of teaching and education. Pedagogy as a branch of humanitarian knowledge included in the general cultural context of modern life.

Pedagogy as a science The subject of pedagogy as a science is the pedagogical process, the process of teaching and educating a person as a special function of society, implemented in the conditions of certain pedagogical systems. Pedagogy is a science that studies the patterns of transmission of social experience and scientific knowledge by the older generation and its active assimilation by the younger generation.

The object of pedagogy is the phenomena of reality that determine the development and formation of the human individual in the process of purposeful activity of society and the educator. For example, such a phenomenon of reality is education - a purposeful process of education and training in the interests of the individual, society and the state.

Pedagogy as a science is a body of knowledge that underlies the description, analysis, organization, design and forecasting of ways to improve the pedagogical process, as well as the search for effective pedagogical systems for the development and preparation of a person for life in society.

Pedagogy is “a science that studies the essence, patterns, principles, methods and forms of organizing the pedagogical process as a factor and means of human development throughout his life” (I.B. Kotova, E.N. Shiyanov, S.A. Smirnov) ; “the science of the essence, patterns, principles, methods and forms of teaching and upbringing of a person” (N.V. Bordovskaya, A.A. Rean); the science of human education, that is, the development of his life experience (A. M. Novikov); theoretical science and pedagogical activity, art (I. F. Kharlamov); and science, and art, and technology (V. P. Bespalko).

The historical development of scientific and pedagogical knowledge goes through several stages: 1. The emergence of pedagogical ideas in line with philosophical teachings. 2. Formation of pedagogical views and theories within the framework of philosophical and pedagogical works. 3. The transition from hypothetical theories to concepts based on practice and experiment.

Thus, we can conclude: Pedagogy is the science of upbringing, training and education of children and adults. The purpose of pedagogical science: identifying patterns and finding the most optimal methods for the development of a person, his upbringing, training and education

Objectives of pedagogy: Revealing patterns in the areas of upbringing, education, training, management of educational systems. Study and generalization of practice and experience of teaching activities. Forecasting education - pedagogical futurology. Implementation of research results into practice.

Education is a historically determined method of sociocultural reproduction of a person, which represents the unity of pedagogical activity and the educatee’s own activity. Smirnov S.A. defines upbringing as a process of purposeful influence, the purpose of which is the accumulation by the child of the social experience necessary for life in society and the formation of a value system accepted by society.

Education is a specially organized, purposeful and controlled process of interaction between teachers and students, aimed at mastering knowledge, skills, methods of cognitive activity, development of mental abilities and cognitive interests.

Training is: the most important and reliable way to obtain a systematic education (V.P. Zinchenko); the process of movement from ignorance to knowledge, from incomplete knowledge to more complete (Yu.K. Babansky); a specific process of cognition controlled by a teacher (M.N. Skatkin); purposeful, systematic transfer and assimilation by the younger generation of experience of social relations, social consciousness (B.T. Likhachev)

Formation is the process of becoming a person as a social being under the influence of all factors: economic, ideological, social, psychological, etc. (upbringing is not the only factor in personality formation). Development is the realization of immanent, inherent inclinations and properties of a person.

Socialization is the development and self-realization of a person throughout his life in the process of assimilation and reproduction of the culture of society. Pedagogical activity is the professional activity of a teacher, in which, with the help of various means of influencing students and interacting with them, the tasks of teaching, upbringing, and education are solved (A. Markova).

Branches of pedagogical science General pedagogy Preschool pedagogy Pedagogy of a comprehensive school Special pedagogy (defectology) Pedagogy of vocational and secondary special education Corrective labor pedagogy Pedagogy of higher school