Essay Real and fantastic in Gogol’s story “The Enchanted Place. Grandfather Maxim: characteristics and image of the hero of the story N.V.

The story “The Enchanted Place” by Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol is part of the collection of stories “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka”. The story is told from the point of view of the sexton - about the story that happened to his grandfather Maxim, when the sexton himself was only 11 years old.

N.V. Gogol is the author of stories - he a real man living in the real world. He comes up with the plot of the story, the characters, gives them names, endows them with certain abilities, makes the characters evil or good. The author gives a name to his creation, breaks the story into chapters and parts, and comes up with endings.

In the story “The Enchanted Place,” the role of the narrator is played by a beekeeper, who was told about what happened by the sexton, in the same way as the author N.V. Gogol does not appear in this story. Grandfather Maxim told the story to the sexton himself.

This story tells how grandfather Maxim, dancing in front of his familiar Chumaks, near a bed of cucumbers, felt that his legs were becoming stiff and, unknown how, he ended up in an enchanted place, while he heard someone laughing behind him. Grandfather called this place devilish. He thought that there must be a treasure hidden there, he even saw the light of a flickering candle on one of the graves. Grandfather Maxim wanted to dig up the ground, but he had neither a shovel nor a spade with him. He decided to return with a shovel, but when he arrived, he could not find exactly the place where, in his opinion, the treasure was hidden. Since it started to rain, the grandfather wandered home empty-handed.

The next day, the grandfather took a spade and went to the very place in his garden where he could not dance, and hit the ground with the spade. Grandfather Maxim again found himself where the treasure was, started digging and found a pot. From time to time he spoke to himself, and someone repeated his own words after him. The grandfather was frightened and thought that the unclean one did not want to give up the treasure, but still brought the pot to his grandchildren. As a result, it turned out that there was not gold in the pot, but all sorts of rubbish. Since then, the grandfather fenced off the enchanted place with a fence and threw weeds and all sorts of waste there, and there was never a good harvest in that part of the garden. And if the grandfather noticed something unusual, he began to be baptized.

N.V. Gogol seemed to isolate himself from this story and thereby entrusted its telling to another person. I believe that in this way the writer wanted to show that he did not particularly believe in the authenticity of the story, but at the same time, the story conveys Russian folklore - what people believed in, what they were afraid of and how they fought against it. Reading this story, you feel like you are part of the story that happened and as if you hear the voice of the narrator himself.

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Real and fantastic in N. V. Gogol’s story “The Enchanted Place”

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol’s story “The Enchanted Place” is a sexton’s story about an incident from his life. It is written in a surprisingly lively and interesting way. With each line, reading this story becomes more and more exciting. Even the sexton himself, who reluctantly began the story, was so carried away by his narration that he reproached the listeners for inattention: “What really!.. Listen like that!”

The main character of the story is the sexton's grandfather. His image is very bright and memorable. By telling us the story that happened to my grandfather, the sexton tries to convey to us all the details, and this makes the story more reliable.

It is impossible not to notice the humor with which the sexton tells his story. He calls his grandfather “an old devil,” laughs at how his grandfather danced, how he tried to find a treasure, how his mother poured slop on him. The grandfather, in turn, called his grandchildren “dog children” and scolded them. But we feel that the characters truly love and appreciate each other.

According to the sexton, most of all the grandfather loved to listen to the stories of the Chumaks passing by: “And to the grandfather it’s like a hungry dumpling.” And we understand that the hero himself was cheerful, interesting person, it’s not for nothing that the sexton says: “It happened that he would take it into his head...”

But the best way to understand the grandfather’s character is to describe the search for the treasure. His speech and thoughts are full of unusual expressions: “What a disgusting face!”, “Well, guys, now you’ll have some bagels!”

It was not by chance that Gogol gave the story such a title - “The Enchanted Place”. After all, the work combines two worlds: real and fantastic. Everything fantastic is connected with a grave, treasure and devilish power.

The real world is everyday life. Portraying ordinary life people, Gogol uses Ukrainian words, for example “Chumaks”, “kuren”. The description of the characters’ way of life is interesting, how the grandfather grows watermelons, “covers them with burdock,” and digs “a new bed for late pumpkins.” Or about how he determines the weather: “There will be a big wind tomorrow!” thought the grandfather.” Gogol admires the paintings of this folk life, the creative work of its heroes.

The whole story is written very brightly and colorfully. Sometimes it seems that you yourself are among the sexton’s listeners, because the narration is interrupted by his comments. From the narrator’s speech it becomes clear that he himself is already old. But the sexton, like the grandfather, remains at heart the same young, interesting and unusual person.

At the end of the story, the sexton says that instead of treasure, the grandfather brought “rubbish, squabbles...”. After this, the hero began to believe only in Christ, and “... he blocked off that damned place where they didn’t dance with a fence, and ordered them to throw everything that was indecent...”. We can say that with these lines the author is making fun of his grandfather. After all, in this story Gogol says that good can only be acquired through one’s own labor. In addition, using the example of his grandfather, he teaches us to believe in the bright, pure: “So this is how the evil spirits of man fool!”

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Answers to school textbooks

This particular story could not actually happen. The grandfather guarding the tower together with his grandchildren, the Chumaks who drove by and stopped to rest, the mother who brought dumplings for dinner look real. Other household details are also true. There could not be a mind-blowing hit from one place to another, which in ordinary life is impossible to find, the transformation of a stump into the face of a monster. A bird's nose cannot peck at a cauldron and say separately from a bird, a ram's head cannot bleat from the top of a tree. A bear cannot speak. In this story, a day after the first time, the grandfather ends up in the same place, and there the candle is still burning. A candle cannot burn for so long. In this story, reality meets fantasy.

Literature and visual arts

To page 169

Consider the artist M. Klodt’s illustrations for this work. Is this how you imagined an enchanted place? Try drawing or verbally describing your own illustration of this story.

The illustration by M. Klodt depicts a grandfather near a tree stump with huge eyes. The enchanted place seems a little different to me. On the left there is a huge black mountain hanging, on the right there is a gap, pebbles are flying there. In the center, a “disgusting face” with reddish eyes peeks out from behind the mountain, sticks out its reddish tongue and teases the grandfather. Compared to this hare, the grandfather is small and frightened.

Terrible revenge

Phonochrestomathy

Page 169

1. Listen to the voice of the actor reading the description of the Dnieper. Is it poetry or prose? How does the actor’s intonation and the emotional coloring of his voice change with the change in the state of the Dnieper River, which Gogol talks about?
2. Why does the feeling of anxiety conveyed by the actor reach its highest point before the words: “...and the sorcerer came out of her”?

1-2. The actor’s intonation changes along with how the state of the Dnieper changes: while it is quiet and calm, the narrator calmly outlines the river and the nature around it, but as the water begins to disturb, the wind rises, the actor’s voice also loses peace: it rises, then falls, then starts reading faster. The highest alarming point is reached when the warlock appears - the most terrible character in this picture, the only creature not afraid to be near the Dnieper on such a terrible night.

To page 170

Gogol was interested in theater while still in high school. This hobby helped him write his works as if it was not the creator who was talking about people, but people essentially talking about themselves. Gogol describes the scene in detail and vividly, like a director who must have a good idea of ​​what is on stage. The writer transforms into his own heroes. It seems to us as if the sexton essentially refuses to tell his story at first, and later reproaches the listeners for being inattentive. Then the creator transforms into a frightened grandfather and talks about what the grandfather saw and felt.

The story “The Enchanted Place” by N.V. Gogol is included in the cycle of stories “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka”. At the beginning of the entire cycle, N.V. Gogol says that he did not come up with these stories himself. The beekeeper Panko told him about them. And the beekeeper heard these stories from different people. It turns out that the true narrator of the story about the enchanted place is the beekeeper. But when you start reading the story, you find out that it was told to the beekeeper Panko by one sexton. Himself
the clerk was also not a participant in the events. Everything that happens in the story was told to him by his grandfather. After all, when all this happened, the clerk was only eleven years old. The story talks about an enchanted place. One day Grandfather Maxim was dancing and accidentally fell into an enchanted place. He immediately thought that there was a treasure there. He tried to dig it out several times. When he managed to do this, grandfather Maxim ran home. He climbed over the fence and was doused with slop. But he was still pleased. After all, he found a treasure. But when the boiler was opened, there was all sorts of nonsense. From then on, Grandfather Maxim bequeathed to everyone not to play with the devil. I think that if there had not been a hero-narrator, Grandfather Maxim, in this story, it would have turned out that all the events were true. And it turns out that the author talks about them as if from a third person. First, grandfather Maxim told the clerk, then the clerk told the beekeeper Panko, and only then Gogol wrote a story about it. It seems to me that the author does not believe this story is true. But he shows us the thoughts of the heroes of the story, what they believe. That’s why he came up with the figure of the beekeeper Panko. The fact that the story “The Enchanted Place” is constructed as a “story within a story” makes it possible not only to convey the thoughts and feelings of the characters, but also to recreate the atmosphere in which such stories were invented and told. It seems as if you hear the voice of the narrator and are immersed in the world of the heroes of N.V.’s story. Gogol.

The story “The Enchanted Place” is one of the stories by N.V. Gogol from the cycle “Evenings on a farm near Dikanka”. It intertwines two main motives: the hooliganism of devils and the extraction of treasure. This article provides a summary of it. Gogol, "The Enchanted Place" is a book that was first published in 1832. But the time of its creation is not known for certain. It is believed that this is one of the earliest works of the great master. Let's refresh our memory of all its main points.

N.V. Gogol, “Enchanted Place.” The main characters of the work

Chumaks (traders).

Grandfather's grandchildren.

Grandfather's daughter-in-law.

Summary: Gogol, “The Enchanted Place” (introduction)

This story happened a long time ago, when the narrator was still a child. His father, taking one of his four sons, left to trade tobacco in the Crimea. Three children, their mother and grandfather remained on the farm, guarding the bashtan (a vegetable garden sown with watermelons and melons) from uninvited guests. One evening a cart full of merchants drove past them. Among them were many of my grandfather’s acquaintances. Having met, they rushed to kiss and remember the past. Then the guests lit their pipes and the refreshments began. It became fun, let's go dancing. Grandfather also decided to shake the old days and show the Chumaks that he still has no equal in dancing. Then something unusual began to happen to the old man. But the next chapter (its summary) will talk about this.

Gogol, "The Enchanted Place". Developments

The grandfather went wild, but as soon as he reached the cucumber patch, his legs suddenly stopped obeying him. He scolded, but there was no point. Laughter was heard from behind. He looked around, but there was no one behind him. And the place around is unfamiliar. In front of him lies a bare field, and to the side is a forest, from which some kind of long pole sticks out. For a moment it seemed to him that there was a clerk, and that the pole visible from behind the trees was a dovecote in the garden of a local priest. There is darkness around him, the sky is black, there is no month. The grandfather walked across the field and soon came across a small path. Suddenly a light lit up on one of the graves ahead, then went out. Then a light flashed elsewhere. Our hero was delighted, deciding that it was a treasure. His only regret was that he didn’t have a shovel now. “But that’s not a problem either,” thought the grandfather. “After all, you can notice this place somehow.” He found a large branch and threw it on the grave, on which a light was burning. Having done this, he returned to his tower. Only it was already late, the children were asleep. The next day, without saying a word to anyone and taking a spade with him, the restless old man went to the priest’s garden. But the problem was that now he didn’t recognize these places. There is a dovecote, but there is no threshing floor. The grandfather turns around: the field is there, but the dovecote is gone. He returned home with nothing. And the next day, when the old man, having decided to dig up a new ridge on the tower, hit the place where he didn’t want to dance with a shovel, suddenly the pictures in front of him changed, and he found himself in the very field where he saw the lights. Our hero was delighted and ran up to the grave he had noticed earlier. There was a large stone lying on it. Having thrown it away, the grandfather decided to sniff the tobacco. Suddenly someone sneezed loudly above him. The old man looked around, but no one was there. He began to dig the ground at the grave and dug out a cauldron. He was delighted and exclaimed: “Ah, that’s where you are, my dear!” The same words were squealed by a bird's head from a branch. And behind her a ram's head bleated from the tree. A bear looked out of the forest and roared the same phrase. Before the grandfather had time to say new words, the same faces began to echo him. The old man got scared, grabbed the cauldron and ran away. The next chapter below (its summary) will tell you what happened to the unlucky hero next.

Gogol, "The Enchanted Place". Ending

And my grandfather’s houses are already missed. We sat down for dinner, but he still wasn’t there. After the meal, the hostess went into the garden to pour out the slops. Suddenly she saw a barrel climbing towards her. She decided it was someone's joke and poured the slop right on her. But it turned out that it was the grandfather. The cauldron he brought with him contained only squabbles and rubbish. From then on, the old man swore not to believe in devils anymore, and surrounded the cursed place in his garden with a fence. They said that when the local Chumaks hired this field for melons, God knows what grew on this piece of land, it was impossible to even make out.

More than a century and a half ago, N.V. Gogol wrote “The Enchanted Place.” Summary it is outlined in this article. Now it is no less popular than many years ago.