EntranceHigher nervous activity of a person option 1. Higher nervous activity: Strelyau test
Higher nervous activity. Behavior and psyche.
1
. What makes our behavior purposeful?
A) emotions B) the desire to satisfy a need C) rational activity D) conditioned reflexes
2.
A manifestation of the psyche is not:
A) perception B) memory C) will D) unconditioned reflex
3.
The scientist who discovered the conditioned reflex:
5
. A term that denotes the inner world of a person (sensation, perception, memory, will...):
A) behavior B) psyche C) consciousness D) higher nervous activity
6.
A person who is active, energetic, persistent, passionate... - type of temperament?
7.
The scientist who created the doctrine of dominance:
A) A.A. Ukhtomsky B) I.M. Sechenov V) I.P. Pavlov G) P.K. Anokhin
8.
What serves as a signal for a person in the second signaling system of reality?
A) ideas B) emotions C) words D) sensations
9.
The scientist who discovered the phenomenon of inhibition:
A) A.A. Ukhtomsky B) I.M. Sechenov V) I.P. Pavlov G) P.K. Anokhin
10
. What kind of thinking is typical for a person?
A) sensual, concrete, objective B) abstract, abstract C) everything is correct
11
. How does the rate of development of conditioned reflexes change with age?
12.
The reflection by the psyche of individual properties of an object through the senses is:
A) sensation B) perception C) imagination D) consciousness
13.
The animal whose study led Sechenov to the discovery of inhibition in the central nervous system:
14.
Motor skills, reading, writing, mental arithmetic are classified as:
A) unconditioned reflexes B) conditioned reflexes C) instincts D) voluntary movements
15.
A calm, stable, sensitive, trusting person is:
A) choleric B) sanguine C) phlegmatic D) melancholic
16.
When touching the right shoulder, the subject turned his head to the right, this is:
17. A holistic reflection of an object by the psyche is:
A) sensation B) consciousness C) imagination D) perception
18
. It is NOT typical for human behavior to:
A) is adaptive in nature B) is determined by internal needs
C) is transmitted to offspring D) is purposeful in nature
19
. What serves as a signal for a person in the first signaling system of reality?
A) words B) ideas C) emotions D) signals outside world, odorous substances...
20.
The main condition for maintaining a conditioned reflex:
A) the conditioned stimulus must be strong B) the conditioned stimulus must act frequently
C) the action of the conditioned stimulus must be reinforced by the unconditioned D) the unconditioned reflex must retain its meaning for a long time
21.
Object of study of conditioned reflexes I.P. Pavlova:
A) dog B) frog C) monkey D) cat
22.
Human abstract thinking apparatus:
A) sensations B) ideas C) emotions D) speech
23
. Traces of exposure to objects that previously affected the senses:
A) sensations B) ideas C) perception D) imagination
24. What signaling system affects animals? A) first B) second C) first and second
25
. Purposeful human perception of an object:
A) sensation B) observation C) study D) awareness
26.
What term did Ukhtomsky use to describe the mechanism of temporary “dominance” of excitation?
A) dominant B) dominant feature C) induction D) conditioned inhibition
27.
When touching the right shoulder, the subject turned his head to the left, this is:
A) unconditioned reflex B) conditioned reflex C) instinct D) voluntary movement
28
. A person who is low-emotional, efficient, sedentary, and patient is:
A) choleric B) sanguine C) phlegmatic D) melancholic
29.
What signaling system affects a person?
A) first B) second C) first and second
30
. We are very carried away and do not hear how they address us, this is:
A) internal inhibition B) dominant C) external inhibition D) conditioned reflex
31.
The stage of sleep that begins immediately after falling asleep:
A) slow wave sleep B) rapid sleep
32
. The sensations with which dreams are most associated:
A) auditory B) gustatory C) olfactory D) visual
33.
What happens to the duration of the REM sleep stage in the morning?
A) does not change B) decreases C) increases
34.
Scientist who developed the theory of functional systems:
A) A.A. Ukhtomsky B) I.M. Sechenov V) I.P. Pavlov G) P.K. Anokhin
35.
A person who is touchy, whiny, lacks self-confidence, and is inactive is:
A) choleric B) sanguine C) phlegmatic D) melancholic
36
. Which cognitive process relies on speech?
A) memory B) perception C) sensation D) representation
37.
Personality traits do NOT include:
A) goals B) beliefs C) temperament D) ideals
38.
What is most significant in a word for a person?
A) combination of sounds B) volume C) emotional coloring D) meaning
39.
Focus and resilience are characteristic of:
A) perception B) attention C) memory D) thinking
40.
What proportion of sleep is REM sleep?
A) 10-15% B) 20-25% C) 30-35% D) 40-45%
41
. Hatchery ducklings, after hatching, follow any moving object, this is an example:
A) dominant B) conditioned reflex C) instinct D) imprinting
42.
Speech does NOT participate in the implementation of:
A) perception B) memory C) thinking
43
. The scientific classification of memory types is NOT:
A) visual, auditory, motor B) short-term and long-term
C) logical and mechanical D) specific and generalized
44.
Before starting work, a person imagines what will happen as a result of his work, this is:
A) representation B) imagination C) memory D) thinking
45
. What underlies the motivation of a person or animal to engage in a particular activity?
A) volitional action B) emotions C) needs D) emotional reactions
46.
A mental phenomenon that has an unconditional reflex nature?
A) will B) emotion C) thinking D) imagination
47 . Emotional reaction person:
A) sadness B) laughter C) joy D) envy
48
. A person dreams during:
A) REM sleep B) slow-wave sleep
49.
Scientist, founder of the theory of higher nervous activity:
A) A.A. Ukhtomsky B) I.M. Sechenov V) I.P. Pavlov G) P.K. Anokhin
50
. The set of physiological processes underlying mental activity humans and animals:
A) nervous processes B) psyche C) conditioned reflexes D) higher nervous activity
Answers: 1b, 2d, 3c, 4b, 5b, 6a, 7a, 8c, 9b, 10b, 11c, 12a, 13b, 14b, 15b, 16a, 17d, 18c, 19d, 20c, 21a, 22d, 23b, 24a, 25b, 26a, 27d, 28c, 29c, 30b, 31a, 32d, 33c, 34d, 35d, 36a, 37c, 38d, 39b, 40b, 41g, 42a, 43d, 44b, 45c, 46b, 47b, 48a, 49c , 50g
Tests will reveal students' knowledge about innate and acquired programs of behavior, thinking, memory, the meaning of speech and labor activity. Determine the significance of the work of domestic scientists in the development of the doctrine of higher nervous activity.
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Option I
1. Which of the following reflexes is unconditioned?
2. If in a room where the dog develops a salivary reflex to the lighting of a light bulb, the receiver suddenly turns on, then its sound...
3. The conditioned reflex will be strong if the conditioned stimulus.
A. Constantly reinforce unconditionally
B. Reinforce unconditionally irregularly
B. Do not reinforce unconditionally
D. Either reinforce unconditionally, or not reinforce for a long time
4. What sign is characteristic of an unconditioned reflex?
B. Not inherited
D. Produced in each individual of the species
5. Higher nervous activity includes:
A. Thinking, speech activity and memory
B. Group of orientation reflexes
B. Instincts
D. Reflexes that provide organic needs (hunger, thirst, etc.)
6. What is a need?
A. A complex complex of adaptive motor acts aimed at satisfying the body’s needs
B. The need for something necessary to maintain the life and development of the organism
B. The inner world of man
D. The main form of activity of the nervous system.
7. What form of higher nervous activity is characteristic of humans?
A. Conditioned reflexes
B. Unconditioned reflexes
B. Thinking
D. Elementary rationality
8. Made a great contribution to the doctrine of higher nervous activity
A.I.I. Mechnikov
B.I.P. Pavlov
V. Louis Pasteur
G.N.A. Semashko
B. Doesn’t change at all
10 . Instinct is:
A. Genetically fixed behavior
B. Lifetime experience
B. Behavior resulting from goal-directed learning
11. What, according to I.P. Pavlov, is “an extraordinary addition to the mechanisms of brain function.”?
A. Rational activity
B. Emotions:
B. Speech
12. First signaling system:
A. Analyzes sign signals entering theform of symbols (words, signs, images) B. Analyzes signals coming from external environment
13. The most important function of speech is:
A. Generalization and abstract thinking
B. Identification of specific examples
B. Expressing emotions
14. Dreams occur during
A. NREM sleep
B. REM sleep
B. In both cases
15. A cat’s courtship of kittens is:
A. Conditioned reflex
B. Complex chain of unconditioned reflexes
B. Combination of skills and unconditioned reflexes
16. The concentration of consciousness on a particular type of activity or object:
A.Emotions
B. Attention
B. Memory
17 . Which form of inhibition is inherited??
A. External
B. Internal
B. There are no such things
18. What you can't see in dreams?
A. Past
B. Present
To the future
- How does a conditioned reflex differ from an unconditioned reflex?
- What importance does sleep have for the body?
- How does human thinking differ from the rational activity of animals??
Option I
- 1 - B; 2 - G; 3 - A; 4 - A; 5 - A; 6 - B; 7 - B; 8 - B; 9 -G; 10-A; 11 - B; 12 - B;
- 13 -A; 14-A; 15 -B; 16 - B; 17 - B; 18 - B; 19 - unconditioned reflexes are inherited, and conditioned reflexes are developed after birth during life; 20 - rest of the brain, active restructuring of its work, necessary for organizing the information received during wakefulness; 21 - thinking is a way to obtain knowledge based on known knowledge. new information, summarize known facts. Rational activity is the highest form of adaptation to environmental conditions.
HIGHEST HUMAN NERVOUS ACTIVITY
Option II
1. Which of the following reflexes is conditioned??
A. Salivation when showing food
B. Pulling your hand away from a hot object
2. If a dog develops a conditioned salivary reflex to the ignition of an electriclight bulbs, then food in this case...
A. Is a conditioned stimulus
B. Is an indifferent stimulus
B. Is an unconditioned stimulus
D. Causes inhibition of the reflex
3. What forms of higher nervous activity are observed in animals?
A. Only unconditioned and conditioned reflexes
B. Unconditioned and conditioned reflexes and elementary rational activity
B. Thinking
D. Only elementary rational activity
4. Conditioned reflex...
A. Characteristic of all individuals of a given species
B. Acquired during life
B. Passed on by inheritance
D. Is congenital
5 . Which form of higher nervous activity correlates with the ability to solve mathematical problems?
A. Conditioned reflexes
B. Unconditioned reflexes
B. Abstract thinking
D. Elementary rational activity
6. In the room where the dog develops a salivary reflex to the light bulb, the radio is constantly on. In this case, the radio acts as...
A. Conditioned stimulus
B. Indifferent stimulus
B. Unconditioned stimulus
D. Factor that causes inhibition of the reflex
7. During REM sleep
A. Temperature decreases
B. Breathing slows down
B. There is movement of the eyeballs under closed eyelids
D. Blood pressure decreases
8. The body’s response to receptor irritation with the participation and control of the nervous system is called:
A. Humoral regulation
B. Reflex
B. Automaticity
D. Conscious activity
9. During sleep, brain activity:
A. Stops for the entire duration of sleep
B. Stops during slow-wave sleep
B. Doesn’t change at all
D. Rebuilds, changing cyclically throughout sleep
10. A car suddenly drove by at high speed right in front of the schoolboy. He stopped dead in his tracks. Poch to him ?
A. External braking activated
B. The conditioned reflex worked
B. Internal braking has activated
11. Second alarm system:
A. Analyzes sign signals coming in the form of symbols (words, signs, images) B. Analyzes signals coming from the external environment
B. Analyzes both types of signals
12. Rational activity is...
A. The highest form of adaptation to environmental conditions
B. Ability to speak
B. Ability to use tools
13. Dreams arise during the period
A. NREM sleep
B. REM sleep
B. In both cases
14. A person falls asleep:
A. Only reflexively
B. Under the influence of humoral processes
B. Under the influence of humoral and reflex processes
15. Who was the first to explain the reflex principle of the brain?
A. I. P. Plodov
B. A. L. Ukhtomsky
V.I.M. Sechenov
G. II.I. Anokhin
16. What I.P. What did Pavlov mean by the name “signals of signals”?
A. First signaling system
B. Second signaling system
B. Reflex
17. Experiences in which people’s relationships to the world around them and to themselves are manifested are called:
A. Training
B. Memory
B. Emotions
18. What does it feel like biological significance inhibition of conditioned reflexes?
19. What is more difficult to develop: knowledge, skills or abilities?
20.What is another name for a chain of conditioned reflexes?
Option II
1 - B; 2 - B; 3 - B; 4 - B; 5 - B; 6 - G; 7 - B; 8 - B; 9 -G; 10-A; 11-A; 12 -A; 13 - B; 14 -B; 15 -V; 16 - B; 17 - B; 18 - allows you to adapt to specific living conditions; 19 - skills; 20 - dynamic stereotype.
Test No. 5 on the topics “Analyzers”, “Higher nervous activity. Behavior. Psyche"
Part 1
Choose one correct answer:
- Which of the analyzer departments processes the received information:
A) receptor
B) conductor
B) think tanks
- Auditory receptors are located in:
A) snail
B) tympanic cavity
B) semicircular canals
- The analyzer includes:
A) receptor and zone of the cerebral cortex.
B) receptor, conductor and cerebral cortex area
B) receptor and conductor
- The choroid of the eyeball performs:
A) protective function;
B) nutritional function
B) receptor function.
- With myopia, the rays are focused:
A) on the retina
B) in front of the retina
B) behind the retina
- Auditory ossicles:
A) conduct and amplify sound
B) protect the inner ear
B) cause vibrations of the eardrum
- The middle ear includes:
A) cochlea and semicircular canals
B) external auditory concha, external auditory canal
B) auditory ossicles
- Sense organs:
A) are responsible for the work of all organs
B) provide a person’s orientation in the environment
C) perceive changes in the environment
9. Created the doctrine of unconditioned and conditioned reflexes:
A) I.M. Sechenov.
B) A.A. Ukhtomsky.
B) I.P. Pavlov.
D) N.I. Pirogov.
10. What stimulus was used in I.P. Pavlov’s experiment? there is a light above the dog:
A) Conditional.
B) Unconditional.
11. What stimulus was used in I.P. Pavlov’s experiment? above the dog is food:
A) Conditional.
B) Unconditional.
12. Help to adapt to changing living conditions:
A) Unconditioned reflexes.
B) Conditioned reflexes.
13. External braking:
A) The call from class.
B) Car horn.
14. Internal braking:
A) The call from class.
B) Car horn.
C) The cat will stop responding to the rattle if the sound of the rattle is not reinforced with a sausage.
15. Which reflexes are inhibited using external inhibition:
A) Unconditional.
B) Conditional.
B) Both.
16. What determines the GNI of animals?
A) Animals have no GNI; their behavior is based on reflexes and instincts.
B) Based on body size - the larger the animal, the more complex the GNI.
C) From the nervous system - the more complex the nervous system, the more complex the GNI.
D) On the degree of complexity of the circulatory and respiratory systems.
17. What is the second alarm system?
A) Organ of vision.
B) Organ of hearing.
C) Information obtained through oral and written speech.
18. What phase of sleep begins in a person after falling asleep?
A) REM sleep phase.
B) NREM sleep phase.
C) Both options are equally likely.
19. K cognitive processes applies:
A) sleep
B) will
B) perception
D) imagination
Part 2
A) Determine the sequence of the process: determine in what sequence sound vibrations transmitted to the receptors of the hearing organ.
A) outer ear D) eardrum
B) membrane of the oval window D) fluid in the cochlea
B) auditory ossicles E) hearing organ receptors
B) Match the term and concept
Term | Concept |
1 Higher nervous activity | A Direction and concentration of consciousness on a particular type of activity, object or event |
2 Dynamic stereotype | B A complex complex of adaptive motor acts aimed at satisfying the body’s needs and manifested in purposeful activity |
3 Dream | B Reflection of individual properties of an object |
4 Dreams | D Objects and phenomena that become the center of our attention |
5 Intuition | D Human inattention |
6 Feeling | E The totality of individual characteristics of thinking |
7 Perception | G Attention that arises against a person’s will |
8 Objects of perception | C Crying, laughter, manifestation of pleasure, fear, sadness and other feelings in people |
9 Surveillance | And not only rest of the brain, but also an active restructuring of its work, necessary for organizing the information received during wakefulness |
10 Memory | Reflection of the subject as a whole |
11 Thinking | L Conscious self-regulation human behavior that ensures overcoming difficulties on the way to achieving a goal |
12 Mind | M A complex process consisting of memorizing information, storing it and reproducing it |
13 Will | N Attention, manifested in the implementation of a person’s conscious intentions and requiring him to apply volitional efforts |
14 Attention | O Those functions of the brain that are associated with the inner world of a person, his psyche |
15 Involuntary attention | P Generalized and indirect knowledge of reality |
16 Voluntary attention | R Complex psychic phenomena, which are based on previously experienced impressions |
17 Absent-mindedness | C Good or Bad mood, a state of violent emotional outburst, |
18 Emotional reactions | T Purposeful perception, where it is strictly defined what one should try to see and in what order, what measurements should be taken and at what time |
19 Emotional states | Ability to solve problems using subconscious experience |
20 Behavior | F Combination of several conditioned reflexes into a single chain, which is reinforced only at the end, when all conditioned reflex actions are completed |
C) Establish a correspondence between the types of temperament and their characteristics
A) sociability 1) choleric
1. Receptors that perceive light in twilight conditions are called ___.
2. The area of the retina where there are no receptors is called ____.
3. Biconcave lens of the eye ____.
Part 3
Give a detailed answer to the questions:
- Why do they say that the eye looks, but the brain sees?
- What is sleep? Two stages of sleep (signs of each stage).
Goal of the work: Determination of the predominant type of IRR.
Progress: 1. Subjects write numbers from 1 to 57 in a column.
1. For each question there is only one answer “yes” or “no”.
2. You are asked to answer 57 questions. The questions are aimed at identifying your usual way of behavior. Try to imagine typical situations and give the first “natural” answer that comes to your mind. If you agree with the statement, put a + (yes) sign next to its number; if not, put a - (no) sign next to its number. Stimulus material for G. Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire (EPI Temperament Test. Diagnosis of self-esteem according to Eysenck. Methodology for determining temperament).
1. Do you like the excitement and bustle around you?
2. Do you often have a restless feeling that you want something, but you don’t know what?
3. Are you one of those people who don’t mince words?
4. Do you feel sometimes happy and sometimes sad for no reason?
5. Do you usually keep a low profile at parties or in company?
6. As a child, did you always do immediately and resignedly what you were ordered?
7. Do you sometimes have a bad mood?
8. When you are drawn into a quarrel, do you prefer to remain silent, hoping that everything will work out?
9. Are you easily susceptible to mood swings?
10. Do you like being around people?
11. Have you often lost sleep because of your worries?
12. Are you stubborn sometimes?
13. Would you call yourself dishonest?
14. Do good thoughts often come to you too late?
15. Do you prefer to work alone?
16. Do you often feel apathetic and tired for no good reason?
17. Are you a lively person by nature?
18. Do you sometimes laugh at indecent jokes?
19. Do you often get so bored with something that you feel “fed up”?
20. Do you feel self-conscious in anything other than casual clothing?
21. Do your thoughts often wander when you are trying to concentrate on something?
22. Can you quickly express your thoughts in words?
23. Are you often lost in your thoughts?
24. Are you completely free from all prejudices?
25. Do you like April Fools' jokes?
26. Do you often think about your work?
27. Do you really like to eat delicious food?
28. Do you need a friendly person to talk you out when you're angry?
29. Do you find it very unpleasant to borrow or sell something when you need money?
30. Do you sometimes brag?
31. Are you very sensitive to certain things?
32. Would you rather stay alone at home than go to a boring party?
33. Do you sometimes get so restless that you can’t sit still for a long time?
34. Do you tend to plan your affairs carefully and earlier than you should?
35. Do you ever feel dizzy?
36. Do you always answer letters immediately after reading them?
37. Do you handle things better by thinking them through on your own rather than discussing them with others?
38. Do you ever feel short of breath even if you haven't done any strenuous work?
39. Would you say that you are a person who does not care that everything is exactly as it should be?
40. Do your nerves bother you?
41. Do you prefer to make plans rather than act?
42. Do you sometimes put off until tomorrow what you have to do today?
43. Do you get nervous in places like an elevator, subway, tunnel?
44. When meeting people, are you usually the first to take the initiative?
45. Do you have severe headaches?
46. Do you usually think that everything will work itself out and go back to normal?
47. Do you find it difficult to fall asleep at night?
48. Have you ever lied in your life?
49. Do you sometimes say the first thing that comes to mind?
50. How long do you worry after the embarrassment that happened?
51. Are you usually closed with everyone except close friends?
52. Do troubles often happen to you?
53. Do you like to tell stories to your friends?
54. Do you prefer to win than to lose?
55. Do you often feel awkward in the company of people above you in position?
56. When circumstances are against you, do you usually think that something else is worth doing?
57. Do you often get a sick feeling in the pit of your stomach before an important task?
Key, results processing Personality questionnaire G. Eysenck (EPI temperament test. Diagnosis of self-esteem according to Eysenck. Methodology for determining temperament)
Extraversion - introversion: “yes” (+): 1, 3, 8, 10, 13, 17, 22, 25, 27, 39, 44, 46, 49, 53, 56; “no” (-): 5, 15, 20, 29, 32, 34, 37, 41, 51.
Neuroticism (emotional stability - emotional instability): “yes” (+): 2, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 26, 28, 31, 33, 35, 38, 40, 43, 45, 47, 50, 52, 55, 57.
“Lie scale”: “yes” (+): 6, 24, 36; “no” (-): 12, 18, 30, 42, 48, 54. Answers that match the key are scored 1 point.
Interpretation of the results of G. Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire (EPI temperament test. Diagnosis of self-esteem according to Eysenck. Methodology for determining temperament) When analyzing the results, you should adhere to the following guidelines.
Extraversion - introversion: more than 19 - a bright extrovert, more than 15 - an extrovert, more than 12 - a tendency towards extroversion, 12 - an average value, less than 12 - a tendency towards introversion, less than 9 - an introvert, less than 5 - a deep introvert.
Neuroticism: more than 19 - very high level neuroticism, more than 13 - high level of neuroticism, 9 - 13 - average value, less than 9 - low level neuroticism.
False: more than 4 - insincerity in answers, which also indicates some demonstrative behavior and orientation of the subject towards social approval, less than 4 - the norm.
Description of the scales Extraversion - introversion Describing a typical extrovert, the author notes his sociability and outward orientation of the individual, a wide circle of acquaintances, and the need for contacts. He acts under the influence of the moment, is impulsive, quick-tempered, carefree, optimistic, good-natured, and cheerful. Prefers movement and action, tends to be aggressive. Feelings and emotions are not strictly controlled, and he is prone to risky actions. You can't always rely on him. A typical introvert is a quiet, shy, introjective person who is prone to introspection. Reserved and distant from everyone except close friends. Plans and thinks about his actions in advance, does not trust sudden impulses, takes decisions seriously, loves order in everything. He controls his feelings and is not easily angered. He is pessimistic and highly values moral standards. Neuroticism Characterizes emotional stability or instability (emotional stability or instability). Neuroticism, according to some data, is associated with indicators of nervous system lability. Emotional stability is a trait that expresses the preservation of organized behavior and situational focus in normal and stressful situations. Characterized by maturity, excellent adaptation, lack of great tension, anxiety, as well as a tendency to leadership and sociability. Neuroticism is expressed in extreme nervousness, instability, poor adaptation, a tendency to quickly change moods (lability), feelings of guilt and anxiety, preoccupation, depressive reactions, absent-mindedness, instability in stressful situations. Neuroticism corresponds to emotionality and impulsiveness; unevenness in contacts with people, variability of interests, self-doubt, pronounced sensitivity, impressionability, tendency to irritability. A neurotic personality is characterized by inappropriately strong reactions in relation to the stimuli that cause them. Individuals with high scores on the neuroticism scale may develop neurosis in unfavorable stressful situations.
4. Then we find the sum of the letters (E, N, L) separately and the difference between the number 24 and each group of letters.
5. If the sign E indicates correspondence to extraversion, then 24-E means the degree of introversion, then 24-N - the degree of anti-neuroticism.
6. On this coordinate grid, 12 identical divisions are laid on the sides. The grid is designated and the research data is plotted on it, then a quadrilateral is constructed.The maximum area of the sector indicates the predominance of the corresponding temperament.