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Russian fleet. Navy of the Russian Federation

The fleet has always been the pride of our state - and in times Russian Empire, both the USSR and in modern times. We know that our sea and ocean spaces and coastlines are reliably protected. We invite you to talk about what the Russian fleet is like in modern times. We learn about its tasks, structure, prospects, command.

Russian Navy

This is the name now, in the times of the Russian Federation, of the successor to the USSR Navy, the Navy of the Russian Empire, the naval forces of our country. Its modern history dates back to January 1992. The Navy is subordinate to the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

The main headquarters of the Russian fleet is located in the Northern capital - St. Petersburg. The current admiral is Vladimir Korolev. In 2016, 148 thousand people served in the Navy.

Over its short history, the Russian fleet has managed to take part in a number of military operations:

  • The first and second Chechen wars.
  • Armed conflict of 2008 in South Ossetia.
  • Fight against Somali pirates.
  • Participation in the Syrian military operation.

Russian Fleet Day is the last Sunday in July. This is a professional holiday for those who guard the sea spaces and coastlines, and for everyone who has connected their lives with the preparation of ships, and family members of sailors, and workers, employees of naval enterprises, and dear Navy veterans.

Goals of the Russian Navy

In its activities, the Russian fleet pursues the following goals:


Associations of the Navy

The Russian fleet is represented by the following components - see the table.

We continue to disassemble the system of the Russian fleet.

Structure of the Russian Navy

The Russian Navy is a system of operational-strategic formations. Let's get to know them briefly.

Surface forces. This structure has the following objectives:

  • Protection of sea communications.
  • Counteracting mine danger (including laying minefields).
  • Covering and transporting troops.
  • Assistance to submarine forces: ensuring the exit and deployment of the latter, as well as their return to base.

Submarine forces. The main goals are reconnaissance activities, as well as launching surprise attacks on continental and maritime targets. Their basis is nuclear submarines, which are equipped with cruise and ballistic missiles.

Naval aviation. Represented by two groups - coastal and deck. The main tasks are as follows:


Naval coastal troops. Consists of two divisions - Marine Corps and coastal defense troops. They have two main tasks:

  • Participation in combat operations as part of air, sea, and airborne assault forces.
  • Defense of coastal facilities - ports, coastal facilities, basing systems.

Other divisions. The Russian navy also includes:

  • Units and rear units.
  • Special parts.
  • Hydrographic service. It belongs to the Main Directorate of Oceanography and Navigation of the Russian Ministry of Defense.

Command

Let's get acquainted with the Navy command:


Modernity and prospects

The Russian Navy reached its peak of power in 1985. At that time it consisted of 1,561 ships. The fleet occupied an honorable second place in the world (after the USA). In the 2000s, its gradual weakening began. As a result, in 2010 the Russian fleet owned only 136 warships.

In 2011, former commander V.P. Komoyedov noted with bitterness that the superiority of the Turkish fleet alone over the domestic fleet was estimated at 4.7 times. And the combined NATO forces are 20 times stronger. The main tasks of the fleet have become only the protection of the coast and the fight against maritime terrorism.

But in our time, Russia has already resumed its naval presence in the world's oceans. In 2014, the National Defense Management Center of the Russian Federation was founded. The goals of its activities are the following:


In 2013, the Operational Command of the permanent Mediterranean unit of the Russian Navy (Mediterranean squadron) was created.

As for development prospects, it is planned to allocate about 4.5 trillion rubles for the Navy for these purposes under the State Armament Program until 2020. Active financing has already begun in 2015. One of the main tasks is to increase the number of warships in the Navy by 70%.

The fleet of the Russian Federation is still the pride of our Fatherland. Today it is going through difficult times - it is in the stage of revival, striving for its former power.

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Beriev" "Tantal" "TANGRAM" "Kaluga Instrument-Making Plant "Typhoon" "Sewing Factory "Slavyanskaya" "Holding Spetskomplektresurs" "Sberbank of Russia" "Research and Production Association "Saturn" "Scientific manufacturing enterprise "Salyut" "SignArt" "CDB MT "Rubin" "RTSoft" "RTD-Universal Electronics" "Russian Institute of Radio Navigation and Time" " Russian Institute Powerful Radio Engineering" "Svirskaya Shipyard" "Sever Trade Plus" "FIG "Speed ​​Fleet" "Special Design Bureau of Boiler Engineering" NPP "Sistema" "JV "Sverdlovsk Tool Plant - Pumori" "Sea Project" OJSC "PO Sevmash" "Northern Raid" » "Northern Press" Northern design bureau " Russian society specialized weapons"

North-Western Shipping Company is one of the oldest shipping companies in Russia, currently representing a holding-type association. The main area of ​​its activity is the transportation of goods between Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.

The structure of the company

In addition to the management company OJSC SZP, the North-Western Shipping Company holding includes 8 subsidiaries, including:

    Shipping company "North-Western Fleet".

    "Belozersky Port".

    "Passenger Port".

    Enterprise "Voznesensk Fleet Repair Base".

    Nevsky Shipyard Company.

    Subservice company.

  • "Astrakhan Shipping Company"

    • Fleet management company "Volga-Neva".

    "Volga-Baltic Logistics Company".

Towing operations

Currently, the company carries out all types of such work. North-Western Shipping Company tugs move floating cranes, construction platforms, and, if necessary, other vessels. Often the company's crews have to participate in various rescue operations or environmental protection activities.

To receive towing services, the client must enter into a standard agreement with the shipping company. Also, such operations are carried out by the company as part of the implementation of work to fulfill other orders of business partners. For example, towing may be needed when performing salvage agreements, pilotage, etc.

The company provides the following types of towing:

    Emergency. Shipping company specialists will deliver a lost or damaged vessel to the port.

    Planned towing of ships and objects.

    Intra-port towage in roadsteads and harbors.

At OJSC North-Western Shipping Company you can order towing using the main method (on a short rope), pushing method, log, etc. Operations are carried out either by one vessel or by several. The company’s specialists carry out all the preparatory measures necessary for towing: they calculate the strength of equipment parts, the stability of ships, determine possible ports of refuge, and, if necessary, reinforce superstructures, hulls, decks, deckhouses, etc.

Crew selection

OJSC North-Western Shipping Company pays special attention to working with personnel. Over the years of the company's existence, entire naval dynasties have formed, whose members devoted themselves entirely to work on river vessels and in ports. Examples include the Rudovs, Bibiksarovs, Rogovs, and Pozdnyakovs.

As of 2015, the company has more than 1,500 employees, most of whom are highly qualified specialists. Therefore, the shipping company has the opportunity to provide recruiting services for both domestic and foreign dry cargo ships. The ship's crew usually consists of a captain, ratings, mechanics, radio specialists, foremen, doctors, and engineers. All these specialists can be hired by the company if necessary. The shipping company's employees are sufficiently qualified to ensure safe navigation, adhere to high conscious discipline and comply with the requirements of the Charter.

Purchase/sale of ships

Selling dry cargo ships is also what the North-Western Shipping Company does. St. Petersburg is the city in which, as already mentioned, the head office of the company is located. By contacting the holding's managers, you can purchase ships or order their construction. The company offers its customers single-screw and double-screw dry cargo ships (up to 7000 tons), oil tankers, and non-self-propelled vessels.

Logistics

Among other things, SZP company specialists carry out such operations as synchronizing cargo transportation by sea and river, as well as land transport between remote ports and regions. By ordering such a service, the company’s clients have the opportunity to significantly save money by reducing cargo delivery time, reducing fuel costs, etc.

Holding newspaper

Among other things, the North-West maritime shipping company"(although it would be more correct to call it river) is one of the founders of the newspaper Volgo-Nevsky Prospekt, whose publishing house is located in Nizhny Novgorod. It was formed in November 1934 on the basis of the large circulation "Leningrad Vodnik". They called it the “North-Western Vodnik”. In 1947 alone, 126 issues of this publication were published with a circulation of 2000 copies. Its pages reflected the work of the courts, etc. The editors did a tremendous amount of work with letters from readers, answering their questions. In 1973, this printed publication was renamed “Leningrad Riverman”; in 1990, its old name was returned to it. In 1994, due to the difficult financial situation of the company, the newspaper was closed.

Its editorial office began operating again 2 years later, in 1996. However, the newspaper began publishing its previous circulation only in 2001. Its publication was finally discontinued in 2005 in connection with the establishment of a larger publication, Volgo-Nevsky Prospekt, distributed in the North-Western, Central and Volga Federal Districts.

Statistical data

In 2014, the total revenue of SZP OJSC amounted to 6.1 billion rubles (21% more than in the previous year). At the same time, about 75% of the income was received from the transportation of timber and grain, as well as products of ferrous metallurgy enterprises and mineral fertilizers. The growth of the company's economic indicators, according to its management, was achieved mainly due to the renewal of the fleet - the sale of 14 old ships and the concentration of transportation on dry cargo ships built over the past 12 years.

"North-Western Shipping Company": reviews

Clients have a good opinion about SZP OJSC. The company fulfills its obligations exactly in accordance with the concluded agreements. But, unfortunately, due to the current situation in the country Lately Due to the not very favorable economic situation, the holding's employees themselves sometimes speak unflatteringly about it. It's all about the small salary and not very good, bureaucratic attitude towards personnel. And not everyone likes the fact that the management decided to sell the old ships. People want to work and receive decent remuneration for it. However, in their opinion, management is in no hurry to replace old dry cargo ships with new ones. But we will assume that these difficulties in the company are temporary, and soon all these problems will be resolved.

In general, the work of the oldest Russian enterprise, North-Western Shipping Company OJSC (company address: St. Petersburg, B. Morskaya St., 37) can be called quite effective. Of course, the company is profitable, and its activities greatly contribute to the development of the economy not only of the Leningrad region, but of all of Russia as a whole.

Founded back in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great, the Baltic Fleet is to this day an impressive argument in politics international relations Russian Federation.

The Baltic Fleet is part of the Western Military District. The fleet headquarters is located in the city of Baltiysk, Kaliningrad region. In addition, there is a base for ships in the city of Kronstadt, Leningrad Region.


The Baltic Fleet includes:

The twelfth division of surface ships with a base in Baltiysk (Kaliningrad region), which includes:
- 128 brigade of surface ships, which has included the destroyers “Nastoichivy” and “Bespokoiny” since 1991-91.
"Persistent", called "Moskovsky Komsomolets" until February 15, 1992, is the flagship of the Baltic Fleet, is the sixteenth destroyer of Project 956-A "Sarych" or according to NATO classification - Sovremenny class destroyer. Left the slipway on January 19, 1991. Entered the fleet on December 30, 1992. He has repeatedly taken and continues to take part in exercises and maneuvers, both Russian and international.

"Restless", like its sister ship "Nastoychivy", is a Project 956 destroyer. The ship's total displacement is about 8 thousand tons, maximum length 156.5 meters, width 17.2 meters, draft 8.2 meters. The power of the power plant is 100 thousand horsepower, combined with two five-bladed propellers, providing the ship with a maximum speed of 33.4 knots. The range at maximum fuel fill in economy mode is four and a half thousand miles. The crew size is 300 people. Standard armament consists of two twin AK-130/54 artillery mounts with 2000 rounds of ammunition, two anti-ship missile launchers of the P-270 "Moskit" system, two RBU-1000 (Smerch-2) rocket launchers, two anti-aircraft missile launchers Uragan complexes, two torpedo tubes with 4 SET-65 torpedoes, as well as detection, guidance, jamming and tracking systems. There is also a deck-based Ka-27 helicopter designed to detect, track and destroy enemy submarines.

In addition, the 128th Brigade includes patrol ships“Neustrashimy” project 11540, in service since 1993, “Indomitable” project 1135M, in service since 1977 and “Ardent” project 11352, in service since 1978.

Project 11540 ships have a total displacement of 4,350 tons; a power plant of two propulsion and two afterburning gas turbine units with a total power of 57 thousand horsepower provides a maximum speed of 30 knots. The ship's armament is represented by an AK-100 artillery mount, 4x2 X-35 anti-ship missile launchers. 2x3 533-mm torpedo tubes, 1st RBU-6000 active jamming installation, 2 Vodopad-NK missile and torpedo systems. Anti-aircraft missile weapons include 4x8 Kinzhal anti-aircraft missile systems and 2 Kortik anti-aircraft missile and artillery systems. To combat submarines there is a Ka-27 deck helicopter.

Project 1135 ships have a total displacement of 3,190 tons, a power plant of two propulsion and two afterburning gas turbine units with a total power of 63.4 thousand horsepower provides a maximum speed of 32 knots. The armament includes the Angara-A air and surface target detection radar (MR-310A), a twin 100-mm AK-100 gun (400 rounds of ammunition), 1x4 Rastrub-B anti-submarine missile systems, 2x2 automated ship-based anti-aircraft missile systems "Osa-M", 2x4 533-mm torpedo tubes PTA-53-1135 (8 torpedoes 53-65K or SET-65).

“Pylky” was modernized according to project 1135.2: the Fregat radar system was installed, the RBU-6000 was replaced with the Uran anti-ship missile system.

71st brigade of landing ships, which includes 3 large landing ships of Project 775: BDK-43 “Minsk” (in service since 1983); BDK-58 "Kaliningrad" (in service since 1984); BDK-100 "Alexander Shabalin" (in service since 1986) and 1 large landing ship of Project 775M "Korolev" (in service since 1992).

Landing ships of Project 775 have a total displacement of 4080 tons, a diesel power plant with a total capacity of 21 thousand horsepower, which allows the ship to move at a maximum speed of 17.8 knots. The armament consists of 2 universal twin naval artillery mounts of 57 mm caliber, 2 2-barreled A-215 Grad-M ship-mounted mounts, 4 Igla man-portable anti-aircraft missile systems and 90 anti-ship mines.

The 36th missile boat brigade, consisting of the 1st Guards missile boat division and the 106th small missile ship division.

The 106th division includes small missile boats “Volna”, “Raduga”, “Molniya”, “Grad”, “Shkval” (project 1234).
Project 1234 boats have the following performance characteristics:
Displacement - 700 tons;
Length/width/draft – 59.3/11.8/3.02 meters;
Power plant - diesel 3xM-507A with 10 thousand horsepower;
Maximum speed – 35 knots;
Power reserve – 4000 miles;
Armament: twin 57-mm AK-725 artillery mount, 6 P-120 Malachite anti-ship missile launchers, 1 Osa-M anti-aircraft missile system.

The 64th brigade of water area security ships, which includes the 264th division of anti-submarine ships and the 323rd minesweeper division.
- 123rd Submarine Brigade, which includes three diesel submarines. Submarine B-227, project 877, in service since 1983, B-806, project 877 EKM, in service since 1986 and B-585 "St. Petersburg", project 677, in service since 2010.

Project 877 boats have the following performance characteristics:
Displacement underwater/surface – 3040/2300 tons;
Speed, underwater/surface – 19/10 knots;
The maximum permissible diving depth is 350 meters;
Autonomy – 45 days;
Power plant – diesel generators 2x1500 kilowatts;
Armament - 6x533 mm bow torpedo tubes, 18 torpedoes or 24 mines, the Biryuza ZM-54E1 missile launcher for combating ships and submarines, and the Strela-ZM or Igla-1 anti-aircraft missile system.

Also included in the Baltic Fleet are:
- 105th brigade of water area security ships. The brigade includes the 109th division of small anti-submarine ships and the 22nd minesweeper division.
- 336th Separate Guards Marine Brigade;
- 79th separate guards motorized rifle brigade, which includes: 319th separate guards motorized rifle battalion, 377th separate motorized rifle battalion, 386th separate motorized rifle battalion, 102nd separate tank battalion, 45th separate howitzer self-propelled artillery battalion and 483th separate anti-aircraft missile and artillery battalion division.
- 152nd Guards Missile Brigade;
- 244th artillery brigade;
- 25th Coastal Missile Brigade;
- 7th separate motorized rifle regiment;
- 22nd anti-aircraft missile regiment;
- 841st separate electronic warfare center;
- 302nd Electronic Warfare Regiment;
- 9th Fleet crew;
- 17th Fleet Crew;
- 127th separate naval engineering battalion;
- 522nd communication center.