Message about Sweden. Report about Sweden

Sweden (officially this country is called the Kingdom of Sweden) is a state located in the northern part of Europe on the Scandinavian Peninsula (Scandinavian Peninsula). The area of ​​the entire territory of Sweden is about 449,964 km2, which is comparable to the area of ​​Uzbekistan. IN Russian Federation would fit approximately 38.5 Swedens! Nevertheless, the Kingdom deservedly ranks 5th in area in all of Europe after Russia, Ukraine, France and.

Few people know that Sweden is located beyond the Arctic Circle, which means winter time There is a polar night here, and in the summer there is a polar day. Polar night and day are phenomena in which the Sun practically does not set below the horizon or does not appear because of it for more than a day. To survive such periods, residents of the Kingdom have to take vitamins and fight the terrible reluctance to wake up early “at night” and fall asleep with the sun’s rays hitting their faces “during the day.” But the Swedes are not discouraged and see the positive in everything: they enjoy the northern lights and the opportunity to launch beautiful fireworks at any time of the day, they are charged with energy and a positive mood from the sun that never goes away...

Geographical location and geology

The length of Swedish borders is 2233 km, while most of its borders “touch” with the Kingdom of Norway (1619 km), then with Finland (615 km), and the rest is a water border with the Baltic Sea and Botanical Bay, as well as several bays separating Sweden and Denmark. The kingdom also owns 2 fairly large Baltic islands: Gotland and Öland, as well as several very small ones.

Relief, volcanoes and mountains

Needless to say, Sweden is rich in tall mountains and volcanoes - there are only 12 peaks above 2000 meters, the highest of which is Kebnekaise. The height of this mountain range is 2106 meters above sea level. But there are no active (active) volcanoes in Sweden at all. However, the Kingdom did not pass " natural disaster", which happened not so long ago - in 2010. One of the volcanoes in Iceland, rich in seismic activity, under the name Eyjafjallajökull, which is difficult for a Russian speaker to pronounce, began to erupt in March of that year. The amount of ash emissions released into the atmosphere was incredible. A huge cloud of ash was carried by westerly winds towards Europe. After Iceland, sunlight was hidden from human eyes in Norway, Sweden, and then in almost all of Europe. The ash settled quite quickly - less than a month after the incident, the sky over European countries was clear. Despite the rapid drop in emissions for several days, the whole of Europe ceased to communicate with the rest of the World by flights.

Hundreds of flights had to be canceled and rescheduled. This event is still remembered, and many stories were made about it for news channels around the world. Some said that the ash cloud would reach Russia, but this never happened. Returning to the relief earth's crust It is important to note that Sweden is not one large plain - although there are not very many mountains there, there are more than enough hills and fields, rocks, lakes and rivers for such a small state. Wide coastlines, behind which a fresh coniferous forest mysteriously froze. It hides forest dwellers going about their business, hides small villages, hides many tiny streams, rivers and lakes. An inspiring picture of a cold and secretive Northern European Kingdom immediately pops into your head.

Climate

Sweden is located in two main climatic zones- this is subarctic (in the northern and eastern parts of the country) and temperate (in the southern and western). Most of the subarctic (as it is also called the subpolar) part is occupied by glaciers; it is there that the polar days and nights are longer, and the northern lights are brighter. In parts with a temperate climate weather conditions much softer. The main roles in shaping the climate of the small Kingdom were played by the Scandinavian mountains, which do not allow the winds that come with Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf Stream, bringing moisture and warmth to the cold northern country. Due to the high humidity in Sweden there are many swamps, heavy rainfall and frequent fogs, giving the Kingdom that very Scandinavian mystery and perhaps even charm.

Reservoirs within the state, on its mainland

The whole world knows Sweden not only for its misty forests, which seem to exude freshness, but also for its huge number of lakes. Lakes alone occupy about 10% of the total area of ​​the state, but it is also rich in other bodies of water such as rivers! In the Kingdom there are only more than 4000 lakes with an area exceeding 1 km2! It's hard to imagine what it's like for them total number, including even the smallest ones located in the middle of dense forests. Lake Vänern is considered the largest in area with a value of 5519 km2, and the deepest is Khurnavan, to reach the bottom of which you will have to dive 221 meters under water! There are only 7 largest, longest rivers in Sweden: Thorneälven (522 km), Dalälven (520 km), Umeälven (470 km), Luleälven (461 km), Kaliksälven (461 km), Klarälven (460 km) and Indalsälven (430 km). ). It’s hard not to notice that at the end of every name of almost every river in the Kingdom there is the root -elven-, which translated from Swedish alven means “river”.

Flora of the Kingdom of Sweden

Botanists divide the entire flora of the Scandinavian Kingdom into 5 separate extensive “branches”: the region of northern latitudes and mountain peaks; an area of ​​forests with trees with crooked trunks, otherwise this territory is called “crooked forest”; an area of ​​coniferous forests in the north of the state, which is the most extensive in Sweden); area of ​​coniferous forests in the south of the state; area of ​​pine and beech forests.

In addition to zonal natural areas There are also azonal ones: for example, near numerous lakes the vegetation is much richer and more lush than in relatively dry places for Sweden; almost every swamp (which, by the way, together occupy about 14% of the total area of ​​the Kingdom) and their surroundings has its own special microflora, unique flora. Various types of forest occupy about 65% of the entire area of ​​the small country. If we add up these and the above data on the occupancy of the territory, such an amazing thing becomes clear: about 90% of the entire small kingdom is occupied by nature, the miraculous world, and only 10% is allocated settlements with a high number of people per square kilometer.

Some choose to live deep in dense forests or, more often, on the shores of lonely small lakes in wooden huts. Many city dwellers often go to such places to escape from the bustle of the city, from a large number of people and constant distractions, “hiding” in a quiet and peaceful place not far from a small village. Many people practice meditation or yoga, and practice “communication with nature.” In Sweden there are a huge number of lonely hermits living in the wilds and devoting their lives only to themselves and nature.

A favorite “natural attraction” of tourists is one of the most ancient trees on our planet, whose age, according to scientists, is more than 2500 years old, and its roots are even older - for about 9000 years they have not stopped their development and have not died to this day! Its mass and volume are incomparable with anything on the planet, without considering inanimate nature and man-made structures - this tree is an absolute winner, because it is the heaviest and largest in size of all living organisms on Earth. The world's oldest giant sequoiadendron (the common name for this species) amazing plant) scientists have given separate “name” - General Sherman. It acquired this name back in 1879 thanks to Major General, later Army General William Tecumseh Sherman, who became famous in wide circles after civil war in the United States of America.

Fauna of Sweden

Sweden is quite poor in various species of mammals, but their number is enviable. In the northern part, especially in Lapland, it is common to see entire herds of reindeer. In coniferous and deciduous forests there are animals common to temperate climate zones: foxes, hares, small rodents, martens, brown bears, lynxes with wolverines and other similar species.

With the variety of birds in the kingdom, things are much better - there are more than 340 species, but they are not unique - swans, seagulls and ducks are commonplace in all Northern European countries. The same “fate” befell the inhabitants of rivers, seas and lakes - there are about 160 species of fish, which, like birds and mammals, are found almost everywhere, for example trout, perch, salmon...

At first glance, it is inexplicable that one of Sweden's many mammal species is the American norm. Where did she even come from here? The fact is that having brought this amazing animal from the United States, no one suspected that it could spread throughout Europe, but, refuting their assumptions, that’s what happened. The population has increased so dramatically that no one could have expected, but the American mink is now the most common animal in Sweden, which now seems to have lived in their climate since the beginning of time.

Ecology and nature protection

In the kingdom on at the moment Many national parks were officially opened, as well as more than 1000 nature reserves. She became the first European state with a system of national parks - the first of these was opened already in the 9th year of the last century! The government spent more than 400 million Swedish crowns (translated into rubles at the current exchange rate, 400 million crowns are approximately equal to 2.87349725 x 10 to the 9th power of rubles - an unimaginable amount) on research and development of ecology in the country, in particular, largely on getting rid of harmful exhaust gases and air purification. It must be said that all efforts were not in vain - Sweden is on the list of the 10 most environmentally friendly countries on the globe.

Sweden and the Swedes. What guidebooks are silent about Katya Stenvall

Swedish pets. About a nanny for children, puppies and foals

A private advertisement was placed in the local newspaper: “A girl is urgently needed to care for children, puppies and foals.”

That's how I imagined this picture! A large house in the country, a yard surrounded by a fence made of logs, an electric cord around the yard, as is usually the case in the pastures. A rosy-cheeked girl, two meters tall, with red braids, like Pippi Longstocking, only older. And there are five kids running around, five barking puppies and five kicking foals. And she plays with them: she throws a stick to someone, a ball to someone, pats someone on the withers. Then lunch. The girl pours dry dog ​​food into one large bowl, oats into another, and corn flakes into a third. Have you eaten? Now let's go wash, the girl waters them all with a hose, and the kids squeal joyfully. Now we need to drive them into the house and put them to sleep: some on the hay, and some on the mattress. Or everyone to the hay, it’s even warmer.

Of course, I made this up to make it more fun. I actually don't know how things were there. But I actually saw such an advertisement in our newspaper. And it seems to me that it quite fully reflects the state of affairs. Swedes love pets and believe that it is simply impossible to live without a dog and a cat. This is abnormal, unnatural! And if you have children, then not giving them each an animal is the highest form of cruelty. This is even worse than not buying a bicycle for your child! Now I don’t even remember if I know Swedes without pets.

Next to our house there is a fortification left over from the Bronze Age. In fact, nothing is visible - a forest, a field and a few stones. But archaeologists confidently claim that people used to live there. To make it warmer and more comfortable, animals lived in the houses with them. It is believed that this fact was the reason for the Swedes’ resistance to various diseases. But the Indians of pre-Columbian America did not keep livestock in their homes, and therefore were not accustomed to bacteria.

I don’t know if this is true or not, but Swedes still have nothing against dogs and cats on their beds. Many mothers believe that this is even better for children - it’s warmer at night, when the batteries are turned off to save money. If a cat sleeps in a crib, it is not chased. The little Swede's encounter with the animal world usually happens at a very early age.

I know a family with six children. Their heroic parents got six dogs - so that each of them had a dog, so that everyone had their own. You can imagine what their home was like! But mom never complained and continued to vacuum the floors twice a day. Wool is nonsense, such, in general, a trifle! But without dogs, children would feel lonely...

Swedish educators believe that only love for animals can make you human, so schools and kindergartens often have a small menagerie with hamsters, guinea pigs, a turtle and a snake in a terrarium. It must be said that Swedish children usually know how and love to care for animals, especially those who did not grow up within the city limits (and there are not so many cities in the country compared to the number of villages).

Small “children’s” barnyards are very popular in Sweden. Not far from our house there is such a courtyard, right among high-rise buildings, as if we were temporarily transported to a village. Several log cabins, a stable, a barn, a chicken coop, a vegetable garden and three fields surrounded by a fence. You can come here with your child, show how the utility rooms are arranged, pet the calves, touch the piglets, watch how the cows are milked, and drink fresh milk. You can go to the garden and check how vegetables are grown using ancient technologies, without the use of chemicals. In the same barnyard you can ride a pony. Older children come to ride horses. Some pay for membership in the club, then they are allowed to help on the farm: cleaning stalls, spreading fresh hay, washing and combing horses, feeding rabbits, weeding beds. Just think, parents pay a lot of money so that their daughter has the opportunity to shovel manure once a week! The children themselves are delighted, happily carry out various assignments, and they are envied by those whose turn to work will come only in a week.

The Swedes believe that nothing can be better than communicating with such kind and good creatures as cows and rabbits. And in this they are probably right. You need to see how happy the faces are on people who spent several hours on a farm among animals and beds!

There are beehives behind the barn and you can buy honey in the fall. For the winter, the hive is covered with spruce branches. One winter was very cold and all the bees died. I had to buy new bee colonies. The next winter the hives were placed in the basement, but it turned out to be too cold there. During the third winter, the director of the barnyard took the hives to his home, and all four families overwintered in the most excellent manner. Not even four, but five, because the director’s family also wintered well. A picture immediately appeared in my head of beehives standing on the carpet in the living room, and the director and his wife walking around in bathrobes and warily listening to the hum of bees inside the wooden houses.

In July, the barnyard is empty and the animals are taken away for the holidays. They spend the hottest month in pastures outside the city. One day I came and saw this announcement on the barn door: “All the animals have left for the country, only the bees remain. See you in September!”

Owning a pet in Sweden is not easy. You first need to find it, and then buy it. One day I wanted to have a cat. Well, what kind of life is it without a cat, right? This cannot be called life. I didn’t need a purebred cat, I just wanted her to be whatever she wanted, to wait for me at home, sleep on a blanket and eat from a bowl in the kitchen. I thought that it would be even better if the cat was a street cat, so I’ll go and get myself some kitten.

But there were no kittens on the street, and no adult cats either. The cats I saw all had collars, and on the collar was the owner's name and phone number. It was clear that the cat was domestic and just went out for a walk. Then I thought that I would go to the bird market and buy some gray striped one, but there are no such markets in Sweden. There were no cats in pet stores either.

On the Internet, on forums dedicated to pets, all adult cats or even in pairs were sold, and quite expensively, regardless of complete outbredness. Advertisements like this: “Due to allergies, we are selling our two cats, five and sixteen years old. Only two people are sold because they are used to living together. We hope that the cats will fall into caring hands, because one of them is blind, and the other is already old.” Then you look at the price and loudly exclaim: “It can’t be!!!” These cats cost more than my computer.

Then I decided to buy a cat from a shelter for lost animals, but the price there was even higher.

The animals in this shelter are kept so well that I even felt envious. In addition, they receive all the necessary vaccinations and are equipped with a chip so that they no longer get lost.

After visiting different sites, I realized that my plan had failed and I would not see my cat unless I turned to professional breeders. In the end, I bought a purebred cat. It was the smartest money spent in my life!

The moral of the story is that in Sweden the number of pets is controlled. Wild cats and no one's dogs do not run around the streets. They are caught and either returned to the owner, charged with a fine for negligence, or placed in a shelter in the hope that someone will buy the animal, or... well, you get the idea.

Every now and then there are debates about the mandatory registration of animals and equipping them with a chip so that there are no dogs and cats in the country. So that cats are not left at the dacha when the summer season ends. If there is a chip, it will always be clear who abandoned the animal. And although the cat will not be given back to him, it will be clear who exactly should pay for its maintenance in the shelter. So far, this law has not yet been adopted, but I really hope that it is just around the corner.

In Sweden it is illegal to let dogs off leash, even if no one is around, even in the forest. Dogs can run around in specially designated dog areas. Usually there are such sites in every microdistrict, not far from home. This is a fairly large plot of land, surrounded by a net, with a securely locked gate. Inside the playground is equipped with slides, benches and all sorts of climbing frames that make the walk more fun. There, behind closed gates, dogs can run, jump, play, dig holes and whatever they want.

At the entrance there is a trash can and a box with free bags to pick up after your dog. I saw how tourists took photographs of such a dog playground to show in their homeland. They were sure that otherwise no one would believe them about the bags.

Cats can walk on their own, without special areas. The Swedes are not afraid to release their pets even within the city. In the suburbs, things are worse, where a cat can be eaten by a fox, of which there are so many near human habitation. If a family lives on the ground floor, then a cat hole is usually installed in the door so that the cat does not need to be let in or out every five minutes. If the first floor is high, then many people lower a board from the balcony so that the cat can leave and come whenever it wants. I’m afraid that this convenient board could be used by crooks if they want to get into the apartment, but I’ve never heard of this before.

A black cat walks along our street every day, we’ve already gotten used to it. One day I left the house and saw that the entire street was covered with A4 sheets with his photograph. Well, I think I'm lost. He walked for several years, and suddenly disappeared! Poor thing, something must have happened... And suddenly I saw this very black cat under one of the advertisements. I came closer to read the text, and this is what was written there: “Dear residents of such and such street! We are Maya and Kai from house number eight. If you see our black cat, please do not let him into your home. He will ask, but you still don’t let him. He loves to sleep and eat with strangers, but we want to see him at home! Thank you very much".

I wrote about cats and dogs, and there are also hamsters, guinea pigs and budgies. There are also animals that can hardly be called domestic, but for which the Swedes have no less love. First of all, it is, of course, an elk! The moose is the symbol of the country. On the roads every now and then you come across signs “Beware of moose!” Colliding with a moose is like colliding with a truck - both in terms of weight and sad consequences. For some reason, German tourists are very fond of Swedish moose. Every year it disappears large number warning signs - tourists steal them and take them to their homes. Such signs began to be sold in souvenir shops so as not to damage property, but on the road, of course, it’s more interesting.

Sweden has the largest population of wolves when compared to European countries. Shooting wolves is prohibited; for this you can go to prison for a year and pay a large fine. In northern Sweden, even reindeer herders are prohibited from killing wolves. If a wolf kills a deer, the state will compensate for the cost of the animal or give out a fawn in exchange, as long as the predators are not exterminated. A very good film was made about this, called “Wolf”. About how a Sami boy shot a predator because he couldn’t see how he dealt with the fawns, and his older friend agreed to take the blame and go to prison so that the boy would not lose his desire for reindeer herding.

Since the number of wolves is growing, they are often seen near human habitation. In a parking lot, for example, or on the street, or even on the lawn in front of the house. Then the Swedes panic, lock themselves in their veranda and film the wolf on their mobile phone.

As for wild boars, there are a lot of them here, and they damage plantings, lawns, golf courses and parks. You won’t surprise anyone with a wild boar; I myself saw several in the nearest copse. True, I was very surprised. They say that meeting a wild boar one on one is more dangerous than meeting other forest predators. Boars are shot from time to time.

The newspapers also write every now and then that snakes are escaping from captivity. The Swedes love to buy some exotic snake, and then it will escape from the terrarium. Then the snakes are discovered by plumbers who are changing pipes in the basement and suspect nothing. Reaching out for a screwdriver and coming across a king cobra nest is something no plumber can handle! Plumbers have a very stressful job, and they receive free psychological help.

Recently there was a case - as many as eighty vipers were found in the wall of a building! They lived there in layers of insulation. We discussed for a long time what to do with them. The editors were bombarded with letters and text messages in which people begged not to kill the snakes. There was a cordon of volunteers around the house who watched day and night to ensure that no harm came to the snakes. As a result, the vipers were driven out of the building using a sound they disliked and forced to leave the town. Can you imagine this sight?

In conclusion, I can say that Swedes love animals, cannot imagine their lives without them, are very sensitive when animal rights are violated, and do not see any inconvenience in keeping five dogs and six cats at home at once (not counting foals and children).

I’ll end the chapter with sayings about animals. If the Swedes want to say that a person does not understand the most basic things, then they say: “He does not have all the horses at home.” Similar to the Russian expression “not everyone is at home”, with the only difference being that it explains who exactly is absent. I always wondered who these “everyone” are who are not at home. It turned out they were horses.

And one more thing. There is a Russian saying: “That’s where the dog is buried!” This is what they say when they want to say that they have guessed about some hidden catch. In this case, the Swedes will say: “I smell there are owls in this moss.” Or, in other words: “I guess there are owls hiding behind this mossy hummock.” The person understands that something is unclean here, something is being hidden from him. A bright picture immediately appears in front of me! A dark forest, fir trees, everything is overgrown with moss, and suddenly, against the background of the moss, yellow owl eyes blink. Yeah, that’s where they hid all the secrets from me!

It was about wild animals (that is, birds), and now about domestic ones. “A cow doesn’t dance on ice at all if her butt is on the ground.” What could this mean, do you think? Solution: There is no cause for concern yet. Although the situation is difficult, you shouldn’t worry too much, nothing terrible has happened yet and you can still lie on the couch and watch TV. I would say: “We will deal with problems as they arise.”

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He is. It really exists, despite the initial distrust of signs warning about all sorts of deer, elk and other living creatures that could potentially end up on the road.

This mistrust arises because we, in Russia, also come across similar signs, but apart from the eternally begging primates with striped sticks on the side of the road, neither in the zone of action of the signs nor outside it, I have not seen anything similar, for example, to a moose.

But after the first tenderness, deer steadily entered the wide list of mental-behavioral types of people, along with such widespread symbols as a goat, donkey, chicken, ram, sheep, cow, etc. Deer were included in the register as a definition of a type as a brainless creature, not even suspecting the existence in his Universe of other, possibly also brainless creatures of God.

Trembling fallow deer are also sometimes seen, although less frequently.

We saw one roe deer crossing the road, but we didn’t have time to get a complete picture of it, because it crossed the road very quickly.

Willy-nilly, I had to classify them all as natural phenomena, because there are no rudiments of logic and common sense is not observed in their behavior. Hares jump along the same trajectories known to them. At the same time, one of these brutes managed to jump under a moving car already behind the front axle, slam his head on the bottom, and while we were yelling that we had run over a bunny, end up in the rearview mirror in the same intact and galloping state as before. “He turned out to be alive, the bastard.”

The trailer (this happened last time), which was driving in front of us on a country road, when a moose whistled in front of it, stopped and stood there for about five minutes. Either the driver was smoking nervously, or he was revving up the stalled tractor. It was obvious that this made an impression on him. He probably knew something that we didn’t.

Gunther, from whom we rented a house in Kvarnberg (this is where there were llamas and a dog), takes groups of tourists into the forest to see bears in the wild. By the way, it’s not cheap - from 1650 to 1990 CZK per tourist (150-180 €). The wife, naturally, wondered why they were paying so much money - to see a bear or, conversely, to avoid running into one.

Because, judging by Gunter’s photograph, the bear is a large animal.

In the endless expanses of Sweden, all kinds of animals from the primer graze - horses, sheep, cows. Some of them are very expressive.

In the city center you can see bumblebees hovering around flowers, which in itself is very significant from an environmental point of view.

I don’t know if they were pollinating something there or just eating, but I haven’t seen such an idyll for a long time.

True, the town is nice too. (Justice requires naming the author - well, as always, I owe all the best to my wife)

The city is called Eskilstuna.

And, to the question that thought is material. Last day. We are driving towards Stockholm at a cruising speed of 130 and discussing the topic of bunnies and deer in the context of insurance. Because at a speed of 100 km/h, which is the legal speed limit on many roads, a collision even with a raccoon, in addition to moral trauma and mental anguish, entails car repairs. And at the moment of a completely academic discussion of the problem of the collision of civilization and the animal world, some quite large bird appears in front of my windshield - something like a hawk, which, for some reason, crosses a multi-lane highway in low-level flight. I managed to slow down a little, already imagining a car full of glass and feathers and myself with a bird in my teeth, and even managed to feel like a pilot, but this creature also managed to react and rolled off to the side. Now in the car I will only think about good things.

I'll figure out what I'll think about. It's not easy.

It seems like I listed all the fauna.

As for the flora, of course, raspberries are beyond praise, and in the Höga Kusten Nature Reserve they are even sweeter than anywhere else.

Mushrooms, by the way, are nothing there either. In the evening with potatoes, pickles and a glass... Yes, along with the conversation...

There are a lot of water lilies on the lakes, but they are of no use, other than aesthetics.

Everyone knows that Scandinavia is a harsh region with special, quite tough climatic conditions. However, the region is distinguished by a certain beauty, and therefore attracts many tourists from all over the world. One of the countries worthy of our attention is Sweden. This one is prosperous European country annually welcomes thousands of guests. The nature of Sweden deserves a special story. This will be discussed in today’s article.

Climate

Thanks to the Gulf Stream, Sweden has developed a temperate climate. However, it should immediately be noted that this is typical only for the southern and southwestern regions of the country. For example, in Stockholm the average January temperature is -3°C, in July this figure is 18.5°C.

If we talk about the northern, eastern and western regions of the country, then the winters there are already colder. Summer is quite cool and not too long. A small part of the north of the country is located in the Arctic Circle. Therefore, it already dictates its own conditions. Here, the average temperature in winter is about -15°C. It goes without saying that the snow here does not melt for six months.

Distinctive Features

In general, the nature features of Sweden are such that its territory is bordered by beautiful green fields, picturesque and alluring islands of the south, the harsh and gloomy tundra of northern Lapland, hills and forest-covered rocks of the west. At the same time, no one will be left indifferent by the majestic shores of the calm Gulf of Bothnia and the simply gigantic system of lakes with a great variety of wild animals.

Now let's look at the most beautiful places in the country, studying them in as much detail as possible.

Mount Oreskutan

This mountain is located in the central province of the state called Jämtland. It rises 1,420 meters above sea level, 1,048 of which are above the surface of Lake Ore. Translated from the Old Norse language, the name of the mountain is translated as “tip”.

This peak is thickly covered with green grass in summer. The rarest plant species grow here and various birds nest. You can observe all this beauty without damaging nature along specially created walking paths.

The nature of Sweden is such that in winter this mountain, due to 100% humidity, transforms into almost a monolithic glacier, abundantly covered with snow. Thanks to this, many tourists here prefer to spend their time skiing. The top of the rocky system is topped by a restaurant called Bistrologiskt, from which you can enjoy a picturesque panorama of the surrounding skyline.

Under state protection: Ristafallet waterfall

This miracle of nature is located on a river with the interesting name Indalsalven. The waterfall can be reached along the E14 highway. Its height above sea level is This powerful stream of water divides the forest into northern and southern parts. Interestingly, the southern part of the waterfall is not visible from the northern, and vice versa. The water falls from a height of 14 m. A little higher and lower from the waterfall you can find fishermen catching grayling or trout.

Due to the fact that a special and even humid climate has formed near the falling down, here you can find a specific ecosystem located under state security. Rare species of lichens grow in this zone and animals listed in the Red Book live. It is worth saying that here the nature of Sweden has never come under human influence.

If desired, the waterfall can also be seen in one film called “Roni, the Robber’s Daughter.” It was based on a story written by Astrid Lindgren.

The largest waterfall in the country

This body of water is called Tännforsen. It is located 22 km from the resort of Ore and has a total height of 38 m. The fall height is 32 m. The amount of water in the waterfall varies depending on the season. In the last century, the issue of starting to use this natural resource as a source of electrical energy was brought up for public discussion more than once. However, the Swedish people are still opposed to this idea.

Around the waterfall grow 21 species of rare and endangered lichens. They can be found nowhere else on the European continent.

From February to April, tourists have access to visit the cave located directly below the waterfall.

"Abisko"

That's what it's called national park, located in the Lapland province. It is located very close to the border with Norway. The park territory starts from Lake Turnetresk and runs 15 km to the southwest. The total area of ​​this land, protected at the legislative level, is about 77 km 2. The park was founded in 1909.

It is here that the nature of Sweden, the photo of which is given below, has been preserved in its original form. However, its resources are used for scientific purposes. In 1935, the Abisko research station merged with the Swedish Academy of Sciences. In summer you can enjoy white nights in the park, and in winter you can enjoy the northern lights.

Hello from space

Lake Siljan is another asset that Swedish nature can boast of. Briefly speaking, this body of water is a huge crater formed after a meteorite fell to the ground 370 million years ago. Over the years, this depression was covered with a thick layer of limestone. The lake has an area that allows it to take seventh place in the ranking of the largest lakes in Sweden.

Its uniqueness lies in the fact that it contains many islands, the longest of which is no more than 7.5 km.

Animal world

The nature of Sweden, the description of which includes not only flora, but also fauna, is diverse. For example, to meet a squirrel, it is not at all necessary to go to the forest, since it can easily be seen within the city limits.

There are many brown bears in the forests, which, despite their club feet, move very quickly. Another animal similar to a bear is the wolverine. This hunter has a powerful jaw and large teeth. He has practically no enemies. It moves quickly and silently, but lives only ten years.

In addition, the nature of Sweden is rich in hares, moose, foxes, muskrats and

Sweden report the world around us will tell a lot briefly useful information about the country of the Scandinavian Peninsula. Also short message about Sweden will help you prepare for geography class.

Message about Sweden

Geographical location of Sweden

Sweden is located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The country is bordered in the west by Norway, in the northeast by Finland and in the southwest by Denmark. In the east and south, the state is washed by the Baltic Sea and the waters of the Gulf of Bothnia. The most large lakes- Vättern, Elmeren, Vänern, Mälaren. The largest islands are Åland and Gotland. The area of ​​Sweden is 450,000 km2.

Population of Sweden almost 10 million people.

Relief of Sweden

The relief of the state is due to the fact that Sweden is located within the Caledonian folded structures and the Baltic Shield. Glacier movements had a special influence on the relief. On the territory of the country there are 2 natural area– southern and northern. Northern Sweden abounds in lakes, peat bogs, and forests. Plains dominate here and are used for pastures. Southern Sweden is characterized by plains that are crossed by rocky, low hills from northwest to southeast.

Minerals of Sweden

The subsoil of the state is rich in metals and poor in mineral fuels. The location of metamorphic and igneous rocks is due to extensive outcrops of magma on the Earth's surface. Sweden is the most rich country by concentration of ore reserves (Lapland ores, Bergslagen). There are also deposits of non-ferrous metals - zinc, copper, lead, silver, gold, arsenic, pyrites, lead. In the country huge reserves uranium.

Climate of Sweden

IN Sweden moderate type predominates climate. The country's climate is influenced by the influx of moist warm air masses from the Atlantic and cold Arctic dry air. The average winter temperature is 15 °C to -3 °C, summer temperature is from 10 °C to 17 °C. The average annual precipitation is 300-800 mm. In the east and north of Sweden, as well as in the mountainous regions, a subarctic climate prevails. Beyond the Arctic Circle, the territory is covered with mountain-valley glaciers and ice sheets.

Water resources of Sweden

The network of lakes and rivers is dense. The country abounds in waterfalls and rapids. Among the large rivers are the Umeelv, Ongermanelven, Luleelv, Geta-Elv, Dalelven, Indalselven. Lakes occupy 8% of the state's area. The largest of them is Vänern.

Flora and fauna of Sweden

Sweden is almost completely covered in forests. Coniferous trees predominate here. In the highlands grow birch forests, lichens, mosses, thickets of junipers and dwarf birches. There are many lawns with flowering herbs in the country. Broad-leaved forests are represented by trees such as ash, linden, oak, maple, and beech.

The fauna of the state is quite diverse. Typical representatives of the animal world are fox, deer and elk. Sweden is home to small populations of lynxes, bears and wolves, and wolverines. Lakes and rivers are full of fish.

Sights of Sweden

The main attractions of the country are: churches of the 13th century, the Maritime Museum, the royal palace, the Church of St. Nicholas of the 13th century, the Knight's House of the 17th century, the Historical, National and Nordic museums, the 16th century castles in Vadstena, Gripsholm and Kalmar, a commercial port on the Baltic, Lapland .

• The most popular sports in the country are hockey and football.
• Sweden has the largest number of fast food restaurants in Europe.
• The first matches were created in this state. This happened back in 1749.
• The Swedish population drinks a lot. The country has a short summer, so short days dominate almost the entire year. Residents of the country are accustomed to passing the time with alcohol. This has become a massive national problem.
• The population of Sweden tries to use paper money to a minimum. They prefer to use cards.
• Swedish children receive their surname not from their father, but from their mother.

We hope that Sweden short report helped you learn about the largest Scandinavian country. You can expand your short message on the topic “Sweden” using the comment form below.