The King's Precious Mantle 5 letters. Precious mantles for special occasions among Byzantine emperors, Russian princes and tsars

The attributes of tsarist power emphasized the power and wealth of the Russian state: the golden decoration of the palace chambers, the abundance of precious stones, the scale of buildings, the grandeur of ceremonies and many objects without which not a single Russian tsar can imagine.

Golden Apple

A golden ball topped with a cross or crown - an orb - was first used as a symbol of Russian autocracy in 1557. Having traveled a long way, the power came to the Russian monarchs from Poland, for the first time taking part in the wedding ceremony of False Dmitry I. In Poland, we note, the power was called an apple, being a biblical symbol of knowledge. In the Russian Christian tradition, the power symbolizes the Kingdom of Heaven. Since the reign of Paul I, the power has been a blue yacht crowned with a cross, studded with diamonds.

Shepherd's crook

The scepter became an attribute of Russian power in 1584 during the crowning of Fyodor Ioannovich. This is how the concept of “scepter holder” appeared. The very word “scepter” is ancient Greek. It is believed that the prototype of the scepter was a shepherd's staff, which in the hands of bishops was endowed with the symbolism of pastoral power. With the passage of time, the scepter was not only significantly shortened, but its design no longer resembled a modest shepherd’s crook. In 1667, a scepter appeared in the right paw of a double-headed eagle - state emblem Russia.

Throne

The throne, or throne, is one of the most important symbols of power, first princely, then royal. Just like the porch of a house, which was created for everyone’s admiration and admiration, they approached the creation of a throne with special trepidation, and usually several of them were made. One was installed in the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin - this throne participated in the church procedure for the anointing of the autocrat. The other is in the carved chambers of the Kremlin. The king sat on this throne after the secular procedure of accepting power; on it he also received ambassadors and influential persons. There were also “mobile” thrones - they traveled with the king and appeared in those cases when it was necessary to present the royal power as convincingly as possible.

Royal crown

The “golden hat” is mentioned in all spiritual documents, starting from the reign of Ivan Kalita. The symbol-crown of the Russian autocracy was allegedly made by Eastern craftsmen at the end of the 13th - beginning of the 14th century and was presented by the Byzantine Emperor Constantine Monomakh to his grandson Vladimir. The last king The person who tried on the relic was Peter I. Some researchers argue that the Monomakh hat is not a man’s, but a woman’s headdress - under the fur trim, supposedly, there are devices for temple decorations. And the hat was made 200 years after the death of Vladimir Monomakh. Well, even if the history of the appearance of this attribute of royal power is just a legend, this did not prevent it from becoming the model according to which all subsequent royal crowns were made.

Byzantine mantles

The custom of wearing mantles, or barmas, came to Rus' from Byzantium. There they were part of the ceremonial robes of the emperors. According to legend, the Byzantine ruler Alexei I Komnenos sent barmas for Vladimir Monomakh. The chronicle mention of barmas dates back to 1216 - all the princes wore mantles embroidered with gold. Since the middle of the 16th century, barmas have become an indispensable attribute of royal weddings. From a gilded dish in the altar, at a certain moment they were served to the metropolitan by the bishops, who, in turn, received them from the archimandrites. After kissing and worshiping three times, the Metropolitan laid the barmas blessed with the cross on the Tsar, after which the laying of the crown followed.

Ryndy

On both sides of the throne, anyone entering could see two tall, handsome men, the royal squires and bodyguards - the bell. They were not only a spectacular “attribute” at ceremonies for receiving foreign ambassadors, but also accompanied the king during campaigns and trips. The attire of the bells is enviable: ermine fur coats, morocco boots, fox hats... The place on the right hand was more honorable, hence the concept of “localism”. The fight for the honorary title of Tsar's bell was fought by young men of the best families.

Seal

The first known seal of the 12th century, carved from metal, was the imprint of Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich and his son Vsevolod. TO XVIII century Russian tsars used ring seals, tabletop impressions and pendant seals. The small weight of the latter made it possible to wear them on a cord or on a chain near the belt. Seals were cut into metal or stone. A little later, rock crystal and its varieties became the favorite material. It is interesting that from the 17th century they began to produce seals with a removable legend - text, which allowed the new king to use the seal of his predecessor. At the end of the 17th century, Russian tsars had more than two dozen different seals, and the seal of the European engraver Johann Gendlinger with a mighty double-headed eagle served the Russian monarchs for more than a century, until the end of the reign of Nicholas I.

Tell me what the ceremonial attire of the Russian tsars consisted of? (+) and got the best answer

Reply from User deleted[guru]
Already from the 10th century in Rus', it became a custom to richly decorate clothes and body parts with semi-precious stones, and sometimes the outfit became so heavy that it was not possible to wear it - this is how the wedding of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich was interrupted because the future wife could not bear the weight precious dress.

During major holidays and celebrations, such as the Nativity of Christ, Epiphany, Palm Week, Bright Resurrection, Trinity Day. Dormition and some others, the sovereign dressed himself in royal attire, which included: a royal dress, actually purple, with wide sleeves, a royal caftan, a royal cap or crown, a diadem or barma (rich mantle), a pectoral cross and a baldric placed on the chest ; instead of a staff, a royal silver staff.
All this shone with gold, silver and expensive stones. The very shoes that the sovereign wore at this time were also richly lined with pearls and decorated with stones. The heaviness of this outfit was undoubtedly very significant, and therefore in such ceremonies the sovereign was always supported by the arms of the steward, and sometimes the boyars from his neighbors.
http://supercook.ru/zz320-tsar00.html
Alexey Mikhailovich especially appeared in all his royal splendor on major holidays Orthodox Church, which at that time shone with the pomp and originality of the rituals corresponding to each holiday; they provided the king with the opportunity to show his outward piety and his royal greatness in different ways. On Christmas evening, the royal tower was resounding with the singing of singers who came one after another from different churches and monasteries; At baptism, the king in his diadem (shoulder lace) and royal dress, studded with pearls and sprinkled with expensive stones, marched to the Jordan, accompanied by people of all ranks, dressed in accordance with their rank, as smartly as possible (poorly dressed were driven away)
The richness of the royal clothing was dazzling, especially when our sovereigns appeared on special days or were crowned. Tsar Theodore, according to eyewitnesses, surpassed all previous coronations in splendor. One scepter, strewn with precious stones, was 3.5 feet long and cost several millions; the king's clothes weighed at least 200 pounds; six princes held the tail of the robe; the nobles shone with diamonds, yachts and pearls of amazing size, valued at millions. About the outfit of Tsar Michael, which was at the time of his wedding, it is said that he was in a golden axamite casing, on sables, and in a Russian sable fur coat, covered with golden velvet, with the tails wrapped around his shoulders.
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From 1547 - the first crowning of Ivan the Terrible until 1682 - the crowning of Tsars Ivan and Peter Alekseevich, the Monomakh cap was used for the installation of all Russian sovereigns. It became both the most revered attribute of royal power and the personification of the king’s responsibility to his subjects. This, in the words of Boris Godunov, is hinted at by A.S. Pushkin: “Oh, you’re heavy, Monomakh’s hat.” In ceremonies of the 18th-19th centuries. Monomakh's cap was carried out as “the main monument of royal dignity during imperial coronations and burials.” The crown of the cap consists of 8 gold conical plates, ending in a hemisphere with a four-pointed cross. Along the lateral edges of the plates, the pattern forms borders resembling grooves with twists of ribbons. Amazingly beautiful, transparent, like lace, patterns are soldered onto a smooth golden field - this is filigree. Precious stones complement jewelry. Initially, the bottom of the cap had pearl pendants, and then a sable trim. Cap weight - 698 g. Indeed, Monomakh’s hat is not light, but there are royal hats that are heavier, for example: the crown of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich weighs 5 pounds = 2 kg. 48g, Kazan hat – 4 pounds 80.
Source: According to the existing situation, the Monomakh hat was worn only once in a lifetime - during the crowning of the kingdom. For other solemn moments, each king had his own elegant hat - a crown. There could be several crowns and, depending on the significance of the event, the king would wear one or another hat.

Answer from Victoria Makhrakova[guru]
All tsars before Peter 1 were crowned on the Russian throne with the famous Monomakh cap. The weight of the hat is 698 grams - the crown is very light, although Pushkin wrote about it: “You are heavy, Monomakh’s hat.” The crown of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich “Astrakhan hat” is twice as heavy. The first mention in documents of the wedding with Monomakh’s cap dates back to 1498. Last time They were married with this hat in 1682, when two tsars, Ivan and Peter, ascended the Russian throne at once.
In 1665 we are talking about ALEXEY MIKHAILOVICH (1629-1676) - Russian Tsar (from 1645), the second representative of the Romanov dynasty on the Russian throne, son and successor of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov.
In 1665, doctors recommended tea treatment to Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, who was “suffering from abdominal pain.” The fainting may be related to this.

BARMS

BARMS

(Greek). A wide mantle, decorated with precious stones, inscriptions and images, which was worn by the Moscow kings on the day of their coronation.

Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. - Chudinov A.N., 1910 .

BARMS

Greek A wide mantle worn by the Muscovite kings on the day of their crowning.

Explanation of 25,000 foreign words that have come into use in the Russian language, with the meaning of their roots. - Mikhelson A.D., 1865 .

BARMS

mantles, we put them on. over clothes at the wedding of Russian tsars before Peter V.

Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. - Pavlenkov F., 1907 .

BARMS

mantles, decorated. precious stones, worn by Russian tsars (before Peter I) during their royal crowning.

A complete dictionary of foreign words that have come into use in the Russian language. - Popov M., 1907 .

See what "BARMS" are in other dictionaries:

Greek work (19th century drawing) Barma (according to various sources, comes from the Greek parmai round shield, or from the Persian berme guarding, protection, or from other Polish brama ... Wikipedia

BARMS- Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. 1662 (GMMK) Barmy of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. 1662 (GMMK) A mantle or wide collar worn over a formal dress; part of the ceremonial princely clothing, to the end. XV century grand ducal, last. royal regalia;... ... Orthodox Encyclopedia

BARMS, barm, units. no (source). Part of the ceremonial attire of Moscow princes and tsars, worn over the shoulders. "The Crown and Barmas of Monomakh." Pushkin. Dictionary Ushakova. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Precious mantles, decorated with images of a religious nature, were worn by Byzantine emperors, Russian princes and tsars of the 14th century. 18th centuries Worn during coronations and ceremonial exits... Big encyclopedic Dictionary

BARMY, barm (old). A type of shoulder pads in the ceremonial clothing of Russian princes and tsars, Byzantine emperors. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

Noun, number of synonyms: 1 mantle (6) ASIS Dictionary of Synonyms. V.N. Trishin. 2013… Synonym dictionary

By B. we usually mean mantles that belong to the decorations of a princely or royal outfit. The best examples of them are those that were found by the President of the Imperial Academy of Arts Olenin in 1822, near the village of Staraya Ryazan. Consist... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Ephron

barms- BARM|Y (4*), Kommersant s. pl. Barmas, part of the decorations of the ceremonial princely clothes, a mantle with jewelry: And for my son Ivan, the casing was yellow, with pearls and kots verma. Andrey, my son, big sables with shoulder straps with a great woman with a stone.… … Dictionary of the Old Russian language (XI-XIV centuries)

Barmy- precious mantles decorated with images of religions. character. El t of Byzantine vestments. emperors, and later Russian. princes and kings at 14 beginning. 18th century during coronation and celebrations. exits. Barms. Ryazan, 12-13 centuries... Russian humanitarian encyclopedic dictionary

Barm; pl. A wide precious mantle with images of a religious nature and precious stones sewn onto it (part of the ceremonial clothing of Byzantine emperors, and from the 14th to the beginning of the 18th century of Russian princes and tsars, worn during ceremonial ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Books

• Encyclopedic Dictionary of Br. A. and I. Garnet and K. 7th edition, completely revised edition. Eighth stereotypical edition. Thos Fourth. ARCHEOLOGY - Barmy. , Yu. S. Gambarov. Reproduced in the original author's spelling (publishing house Printing House of Public Benefit). IN…
• Encyclopedic dictionary of the t-va "Br. A. and I. Granat and Co." 7th edition, completely revised edition. Eighth stereotypical edition. Thos Fourth. ARCHEOLOGY - Barmy. , Yu. S. Gambarov. Reproduced in the original author's spelling (publishing house "Typography t-va "Public Benefit"")...

Precious mantles for special occasions among Byzantine emperors, Russian princes and tsars

First letter "b"

Second letter "a"

Third letter "r"

The last letter of the letter is "s"

Answer to the question "Precious mantles for special occasions among Byzantine emperors, Russian princes and tsars", 5 letters:
barms

Alternative crossword questions for the word barmy

Round wide collar, embroidered with stones, part of the royal vestment - ornate

Since the 14th century until the beginning of the 18th century. - part of the ceremonial clothing of Russian princes (in the likeness of the ceremonial clothing of the Byzantine emperors) - a precious mantle in the form of a round wide collar, fastened at the back with buttons, which was decorated with small icons

Precious mantles, decorated with images of a religious nature, worn by Byzantine emperors, Russian princes and tsars

Precious Mantles

Precious mantles in the ceremonial clothing of Moscow princes and tsars

Definition of the word barmy in dictionaries

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I.Ozhegov, N.Yu.Shvedova. The meaning of the word in the dictionary Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language. S.I.Ozhegov, N.Yu.Shvedova.
barm (old). A type of shoulder pads in the ceremonial clothing of Russian princes and tsars, Byzantine emperors. BARO... The first part of complex words with meaning. related to pressure (2 digits), e.g. barotherapy, barotherapy, barotrauma.

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998 The meaning of the word in the dictionary Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998
precious mantles, decorated with images of a religious nature, among the Byzantine emperors, Russian princes and tsars of the 14th - early. 18th centuries Worn during coronations and ceremonial exits.

Big Soviet Encyclopedia The meaning of the word in the dictionary Great Soviet Encyclopedia
a precious mantle decorated with images of a religious nature. For the first time in Russia, B. appeared with the Moscow prince Ivan Kalita (14th century). Worn by Byzantine emperors, as well as Russian princes (from the mid-16th century to the beginning of the 18th century by tsars) during...

Wikipedia Meaning of the word in the Wikipedia dictionary
Barmas - a wide mantle or a wide collar with images of a religious nature and precious stones sewn on it, worn over a ceremonial dress; part of the ceremonial princely clothing, and by the end of the 15th century - grand ducal, then royal regalia....

Examples of the use of the word barmy in literature.

When I was building, I visited many places, and I wish there were better craftsmen Barmy Yes, Postnik, I haven’t heard of that.

Rozmysl was released, and he went home, thinking that it would be nice to work on new construction as an assistant Barmy and Postnik.

A few days later, the Tsar, accompanied by the Metropolitan, nearby boyars and architects, Postnik and Barmy made a trip to the village of Dyakovo to inspect the temple there.

For comfort Barmy The fastman calculated that even at such a height, the cross of the temple in clear weather would be visible thirty-five miles away.

After such a statement Barmy some promised to come another time, but did not come.