EntranceThe Afghan war awaits an objective historical assessment. Military operations in Afghanistan and Chechnya
By February 15, 1989, Afghanistan was completely gone. A veteran of that war, Hero of Russia, Vyacheslav Bocharov recalls the feelings with which he left Afghanistan, and compares his Afghan experience with what he later had to endure in Chechnya.
“My mouth was like a toy”
“I didn’t want to leave. I was in business. I liked my job. My company was like a toy,” says Colonel Bocharov, a short, modestly dressed man with scars on the left side of his face - a trace of a terrible wound received during the storming of a school in Beslan - I submitted a report to stay. Then, already in the Union, I submitted a report to return ( Bocharov left Afghanistan back in 1983 - RIA Novosti). But here it is - you assume, but the command has it. The commanders decided that I was more needed in the Union."
Vyacheslav Bocharov arrived in Afghanistan in 1981 as deputy commander of the airborne reconnaissance company of the 213th Parachute Regiment. Bocharov still remembers how he flew to Kabul from Tashkent. It was like a scene from the Soviet movie "Platoon".
“A whole planeload of replacements like me arrived, and those who won theirs left for Tashkent on the same board. How different we were from each other! This difference was not so much that their faces were dark from the rays of the Afghan sun how many topics internal state, which is a consequence of being in conditions that pose a risk to life. War leaves its mark on everyone,” he says.
© Photo: from the personal archive of Vyacheslav Bocharov
“Today it’s hard to understand, but then we were rushing to Afghanistan,” recalls Bocharov. “I was an officer, and I knew why my Motherland raised and fed me. I grew up following the examples of Spain ( Civil War in Spain 1936-1939). For me, Afghanistan was a kind of Spain."
Back in 1980, the first of Bocharov’s classmates at the Ryazan Airborne Forces School, Ivan Prokhor, died in Afghanistan: “They were already returning from a mission in two infantry fighting vehicles when they were ambushed. They were fired upon. One vehicle caught fire. Prokhor covered the first one, which had been hit, in his vehicle "so that all the fighters could be safely evacuated from it. And I myself fell under shrapnel."
© Photo: from the personal archive of Vyacheslav Bocharov
“What are you, fascists, or what?”
At the end of February 1982, Bocharov’s regiment moved to the area of the city of Tagab - this is 50 km northeast of Kabul. Bocharov’s own company was ordered to occupy a commanding height from which the dushmans could fire at the Soviet column.
"Shuravi" ( soviet soldiers) came across an ambush of “spirits”: “a machine gun burst rang out. I didn’t feel any pain, but I fell - as if someone had hit my legs with a club.” Bocharov noticed holes in the trousers. He put his hand in - there was blood. Three bullets hit him in the legs.
“I injected a painkiller. But I didn’t tell the soldiers about the wound. There would have been unnecessary panic, unnecessary thinking,” says the officer. “It was very difficult to shoot at people for the first time. To shoot at a person, even the one who just shot at you, It’s very difficult. We had to overcome this moment. And then things got easier.”
Bocharov's company managed to repel the attack of the dushmans. “We checked all the doors for bandits. We broke down the doors. We found one guy. And the soldiers were so furious: two of ours were wounded. They wanted to put him against the wall, although they were not sure that he also shot. I shouted to the soldiers: “Leave him alone!” What are you doing, fascists, or what?"
For that battle, Bocharov received the Order of the Red Star. After the hospital, he fought in Afghanistan for another year.
© Photo: from the personal archive of Vyacheslav Bocharov
© Photo: from the personal archive of Vyacheslav Bocharov
"Everything was done perfectly"
Bocharov has no doubt about the need for the USSR to participate in that war.
“I understood perfectly well: Afghanistan borders on our territory. If we are not on it, then the United States will come. And they will shoot right through, to the Urals, with their missile systems into the territory of the USSR.
We didn't come there on our own. We were invited by the Afghan government. The army was not tasked with destroying everyone and taking control of the entire territory. The task was to help the national army restore order. Afghan units acted together with us. We approach the village and tell the Afghans: act, you are the masters here. True, it often happened that the Afghans fled, and then we had to solve the assigned task.
Now our military personnel come to Afghanistan and are greeted as friends. I have a friend, Alexey Posokhov - we studied together, fought together - he told me how he recently went to Afghanistan. I met with one Afghan, he lifted his shirt and showed a scar: this scar is from a shuravi! And he smiles happily at the same time. Because we fought honestly. This was a war of equals.
Afghanistan, especially when compared with the Chechen company, means strict fulfillment of all requirements combat regulations. There was no laxity there. No disorganization in actions. Clearly, using the experience of both wars and exercises. Everything was done perfectly. A soldier must wash once a week - he did. Yes, there were linen lice. But we fried the laundry. In the evening before going to bed, you brush your teeth, look for lice in the seams and crush them - if you want to sleep peacefully."
Odessa, who died in Grozny
In Chechen companies everything was completely different. In the first half of the 90s, Vyacheslav Bocharov already served in Moscow, at the General Staff of the Airborne Forces. He transferred here from Lithuania - after all, Russia began to withdraw its troops from the Baltic states. I transferred, but were not provided with housing, and my salary was delayed for months. To feed himself, Bocharov, like many headquarters officers, worked at night as a security guard in a convenience store. For the sake of a dorm room, I got a job as a janitor. “At five in the morning, I, a colonel, holder of orders, took a broom. You sweep, the broom goes to the pantry, and I go to the Airborne Forces headquarters. I didn’t leave the army: I hoped that this mess would end sooner or later.”
These were the realities of the country that started the war in Chechnya.
"The terrible first Chechnya. This is the result of the fact that there was no army. The union collapsed - the army was destroyed. There were some separate military formations, units. But they were practically demoralized. Troops from of Eastern Europe They were taken out and thrown into an open field. It’s unclear what to do with the family, where to live. Everyone lives in tents. And suddenly they say: the war has begun. Let's go to the Caucasus. There is not even an integral military unit. The commanders did not know their soldiers. Combined battalions, combined companies... They were pulled from everywhere. They even brought in sailors! The sailors fought there, in the Caucasus! What kind of interaction can there be, what kind of training? There was no home front, everything was stolen. When you look at the photographs of that time, your heart bleeds. Poor soldiers, where your homeland threw you and forgot you there,” recalls Bocharov.
And again, as in the days of Afghanistan, from hot spot strings of “cargo-200” stretched out. Bocharov takes out a photograph of the New Bogorodskoye Cemetery (Novinsky district of the Moscow region) - it is lined with monuments to unknown soldiers who died in Chechnya. The remains have not yet been attributed. “Every year parents come here and go to the grave to which their heart leads them,” testifies Bocharov, who has seen this many times.
“My college classmate Volodya Selivanov died in the first Chechen war. At school his name was “Odessa” - he came from those places, and he was such a dashing guy, he loved to laugh. In Afghanistan he was the head of an intelligence regiment. We walk with him from the metro to headquarters, he says: “I’m going on a business trip in two days.” I didn’t attach any importance to it - not the first and not the last business trip of airborne headquarters officers. It’s a common phenomenon. I say: “Well, good luck!” Luck has turned away.”
After some time, Bocharov learned how Odessa died. He became one of one and a half thousand Russian soldiers and officers who died in the “New Year’s assault” on the capital of Chechnya on December 31, 1994. Colonel Selivanov's column entered Grozny from the eastern side and came under heavy fire from militants. He was not injured during the shelling, but the next day, while helping to drag the wounded, he received a sniper bullet in the back.
© Photo: from the personal archive of Vyacheslav Bocharov
© Photo: from the personal archive of Vyacheslav Bocharov
Chechnya, a meeting place for old friends
A few years after the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, the experience of the “Afghans” was in demand in Chechnya. Bocharov was invited to the Center special purpose FSB, in the famous "Vympel". He became deputy detachment commander.
Soon Bocharov received another injury: the helicopter on which he and a special forces group were returning from a mission was shot down by Chechens in the Vedeno Gorge. The helicopter miraculously did not explode, but only fell into pieces. The Vympelovites found themselves in territory occupied by militants and surrounded by minefields. All with serious injuries, except for Bocharov himself and Major Andrei Chirikhin. While firing back, Bocharov and Chirikhin carried 16 wounded soldiers away from the helicopter. Then they had to fight their way to their own. Many of the fighters were later awarded for this battle - except for Bocharov himself, "since the operation did not take place without heavy losses."
And just three months later, his assistant Andrei Chirikhin died tragically - special forces captured a particularly dangerous criminal in the village of Tsentoroi. The militant surrounded himself with his own children so that the special forces could not shoot. And he himself shot Major Chirikhin. “We caught the bandit, but not in front of the children. Children have nothing to do with it...” - as if Bocharov is still making excuses for the death of his colleague.
“Many Afghans fought in Chechnya. By the way, not only on our side, but also on the Chechen side,” recalls the colonel.
Meet former colleagues in Afghanistan at opposite side Bocharov didn’t have to, but he remembered one local policeman, a senior police lieutenant in the village of Dachu-Borzoi. “He was not for us and not for the Chechens. He was for order. He was a good man, correct. The locals respected him.” In Afghanistan, a Chechen fought in the infantry. And soon he was killed by separatist militants.
There was another unexpected meeting. “We arrived in Khattuni (a village in the Vedeno region). I came to the location of the Airborne Forces group to see the commander. I introduce myself: Colonel Bocharov.
— Comrade Bocharov, have you been to Afghanistan?
- Don’t you remember me?
I look at him and say: no, I didn’t have such fat ones. And he is so dense and bald.
“I’m your medical instructor who bandaged your legs in Afghanistan!”
I remembered. It turned out that since then he had long become a Hero of Russia and a colonel.
Afghanistan and Chechnya, fighters and their opponents
“In Chechnya, it was the same Russian soldier, with all his traditions of mutual assistance. I can remember a lot of examples of heroism in Chechnya - how officers covered young soldiers with themselves or fell on grenades to save the rest. But the army itself was not the same - disorganized, demoralized . Many did not understand what they were doing there at all. Like, why should I risk my life in this turmoil? For whom? Ideals were blurred. There were simply a lot of young, unfired soldiers.
Or the story of the 6th company: a company of 90 people opposed a detachment of two thousand militants (February 29 - March 1, 2000 near Argun). No one came to her aid, and the Chechen militants confessed on air that they paid “500 pieces of greenery” to escape the encirclement.
There were more professionals in Chechnya than in Afghanistan. We fought not only against bandits - ours, Russian citizens. There were bastards of all stripes there, they came from all over the world. The intelligence services of all states worked. There is only one task - to begin the process of tearing Russia apart into smaller parts. And if it weren’t for the army with all its shortcomings, this would have happened. In Afghanistan they fought like peasants. There was more of the local population, ordinary dekhans (peasants). But they were good at using small arms, like all nomadic peoples.
I wanted to go to Chechnya.
© Photo: from the personal archive of Vyacheslav Bocharov
Event scenario
“Afghanistan and Chechnya live in my soul...”
Goals:
Familiarize students with the events of the entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan and Chechnya.
Definition historical significance Afghan and Chechen wars.
To foster a sense of duty, responsibility, self-sacrifice, patriotism, courage
Expected results:
The "Russian Anthem" is played.
1 – leader .
Today we have gathered here to remember the events of the Afghan and Chechen wars. There are events, even very significant for their time, that are erased from people's memory and become the property of archival storage. But there are events whose meaning does not fade due to the inexorable passage of time. On the contrary, with the passage of time their greatness emerges most clearly. The memory of these events is not subject to the passage of time - carefully preserved and passed on from generation to generation.
2 – leader.
Memory of the past... No, this is not just the property of human consciousness to preserve traces of the past. Memory is the link between the past and the future. Memory is not neutral, not passive. She teaches, calls, convinces, gives strength, inspires faith.
1 – leader.
The war in Afghanistan began in 1979 and lasted 10 years, and on February 15, 1989, the last military units of the 40th Army were withdrawn from Afghanistan. The Fortieth Army walked home across the Friendship Bridge with flying banners and awards. And the mothers who came to Termez tried to guess the only thing dear to them in the flashing faces.
Fragment from the film
2 – leader .
Today, speaking about the events of those years, it is necessary to remember that it was the time “ cold war", a tough confrontation between the two systems. At that time, we did not have such questions; there was no doubt about the correctness of the decisions taken by the country’s leadership. And today, we will not discuss or scold our government - we will glorify those people who fulfilled their military duty with honor.
Slides.
1 – leader .
The most difficult situation has developed in Chechnya. Chechnya's independence was not recognized by any country in the world; its borders with Russia remained open. Chechnya has turned into a transit point international trade drugs, weapons. A policy of terror and intimidation was carried out against Russians living in Chechnya, many of them became refugees. Dudayev's government opposed such a regime.
On December 11, 1994, federal troops launched an offensive into the territory of Chechnya. By the summer of 1995, after heavy fighting, they occupied all the main settlements. In 1996, militants recaptured federal troops the capital of Chechnya is Grozny. After this, agreements were signed providing for the withdrawal of troops.
Slide show about Chechnya.
The war in Afghanistan and Chechnya demonstrated best qualities Russian warrior– camaraderie, mutual assistance, courage, heroism, a deep sense of patriotism. For military people, the concepts of “patriotism,” “military duty,” and “feat” are inextricably linked. A true patriot loves his Fatherland not because it provides some benefits, but because it is his Motherland. And therefore he is faithful to her in the most difficult moments. Courage was required from the soldier every day, every hour.
Anna Akhmatova wrote:
We know what's on the scales now
And what is happening now.
The hour of courage has struck on our scales
And courage will not leave us.
2 – leader . home distinguishing feature our warrior is that love for the Motherland has always been higher than fear and death.
Song "Orders are not for sale."
1 – leader .
The Afghan and Chechen wars are not only official versions and documents, but also memories of participants in those events. Today we will remember our fellow countrymen who took part in hot spots. Our guest is a combat veteran. Let's greet him.
From the village of Krasnousolsk in Afghanistan:
Khairullin Mars Ma
Speech by the Chairman of the Veterans Council
The floor is given to Marina Nikolaevna Sidorova
2 – leader .
In the public consciousness, the Afghan and Chechen wars already appear as a fairly distant past, although its veterans are, for the most part, young people.
Only accurate evidence of time remains - songs, poems, memories of Afghans.
Many of those who had the opportunity to fight in a limited contingent are truly talented. Young fighters wrote poems, here are some of them.
Hot stone, bullets ricochet,
Under the brows of the flame at nineteen years old,
A searing glance from under the brows through the sight...
The platoon behind the pass, went back to its own
I gave them plenty of time.
I managed to detain the gang here, at the cliff...
I'm lucky for now, I'm safe for now.
Not a sip in the flask, but that’s not the problem.
In this mess, the blood is water.
Under barbed fire there is a limit to everything...
I'm lucky for now, I'm safe for now.
The line of the machine gun fell into silence
Where are you, helicopters?
Why are you silent, connection?
And just in case, I forged the check
I'm lucky for now, I'm safe for now.
(Viktor Kutsenko)
1 – leader .
Songs were also composed during the war.
Song "Officers"
The floor is given to the school director Adila Abdullovna Fedorova.
2 – leader .
Time flies without stopping, but 4 of our fellow countrymen will forever remain young - they showed the best qualities in this war: courage, bravery.
Those who fall in battle are not dead
And they won't die anymore
And they don't grow old anymore.
Let's honor their memory with a minute of silence.
FULL NAME.
1. with
A minute of silence.
1 – leader.
Soldiers' letters from Afghanistan and Chechnya are today perceived as reliable historical document of a bygone era. These are the thoughts, moods, and experiences of ordinary Soviet boys who went to war at the age of 18-19. Some tried to calm down their loved ones and cheered up, others honestly wrote about “hazing,” others sent lyrical messages to their beloved girls. Listen to an excerpt from one of the soldiers' letters.
Reading a soldier's letter .(slide)
2 – leader .
A soldier’s cherished dream is to return home to his mother.
Mom... No matter how she rises in memory in Hard time. Her voice lives within you, so familiar, dear. It cannot be confused with any other. You always remember your mother’s voice, mother’s eyes, mother’s hands.
1 – leader .
Concerned and joyful, calm and sad, she is always there. And when I ask myself the question: where does love for the Motherland begin? - the answer turns out to be simple and natural - with love for the mother. Is this why we call our Motherland mother?
The song "Mama" is playing.
Don't offend mothers
Don't be offended by mothers.
Before parting at the door
Don't offend mothers
Say goodbye to them more gently.
And go around the bend
Don't rush, don't rush,
And to her, standing at the gate,
Wave as long as possible.
Mothers sigh in silence,
In the silence of the nights, in the disturbing silence.
For them we are forever kids,
And it is impossible to argue with this.
So be a little kinder
Don’t be annoyed by their care,
Don't offend mothers
Don't be offended by mothers.
They suffer from separation
And we are on a boundless road
Without mother's kind hands -
Like babies without a lullaby.
Write letters to them quickly
And don’t be shy about lofty words
Don't offend mothers
Don't be offended by mothers.
2 – leader .
On February 15, we remember those soldiers who fought in hot spots and defended their Motherland with dignity. 27 years have passed since the last shots rang out in the mountains of Afghanistan. Our troops have been withdrawn from Afghanistan and Chechnya.
Soldiers who were 18-19 years old... They lived their youth there, in Afghanistan, on terrible war. And this is our life, our memory, our history. It is impossible to erase her from your heart.
1 – leader .
Celebrating today the Day of the Withdrawal of Soviet Troops from Afghanistan and Chechnya, I would like to wish the soldiers participating in the hostilities good health, family well-being, good luck, success, and patience. We will always remember your feat. Eternal Glory to you!
Scenario for a lesson in courage dedicated to the withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan “Afghanistan has been reaching out to us through the years”
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Goals:
Familiarize students with the reason for the entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan.
Determining the historical significance of the Afghan war.
Foster a sense of duty, responsibility, self-sacrifice, and patriotism.
Expected results:
preparing students for participation in the socio-political life of the country, readiness for worthy service to the Fatherland;
solving the problem of generational continuity;
increasing the status of heroic-patriotic education in educational institutions.
EVENT SCENARIO
On the screen:Slide 1
In front of the stage there are stands with photographs of fellow countrymen who died in “hot spots”. In front of each photo is a lit candle.
Poems are heard behind the scenes:
1 presenter:
The boys get summonses
And the boys leave to serve.
They have this duty:
Protect the Fatherland from the enemy.
Mothers see off their sons
And they are given orders,
They will kiss you deeply and cross you
And they will cry pitifully like a woman.
And the fathers, waving at the glass of “bitter”,
Knowing how hard a soldier's path is,
They say, squeezing their hand tightly:
“Don’t forget to write, son.”
The young men of Russia take the oath,
They take an oath in front of the banner.
The young men do not yet know
That they won't all come home.
There are fewer and fewer graying mothers and fathers,
They all go to another world...
And my son remains in granite,
Remains forever young!
Presenter 2: These heartfelt poems were written by Lyudmila Matveevna Plyatseva, a mother who lost her only son.
Presenter 1: Every woman, seeing her son, brother, or lover off to the army, hopes for a meeting, but not all hopes are destined to come true.
Presenter 2:
You didn't want me to become a widow,
To look longingly at the sky at night.
Washing my face with tears, not with water,
Whispering: “Come back! You haven’t been home for a long time!”
Even though you hear my earthly voice,
And although you have no right to return to me,
Let your whisper be heard everywhere,
In the murmur of a stream and in the rustle of an oak forest.
Forgive me that I became a widow,
But don’t worry, my love, don’t,
I remember you - that means you are alive,
All this is like a reward for my soul.
Slide 2
Presenter 1: More than 20 years ago, the ten-year war in Afghanistan ended. These events played significant role in the history of our Motherland. And knowledge of history is necessary, since those who do not know the past are condemned to repeat the mistakes humanity has made.
Presenter 2: For the first time, the issue of sending our troops into Afghanistan was put on the agenda on March 15, 1979, when an anti-government rebellion broke out in Herat. Afghan leaders requested military assistance in suppressing this rebellion by sending Soviet troops into the territory of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA).
Presenter 1: Officially proclaimed the main objective Soviet military presence in the DRA was formulated unambiguously - providing assistance in stabilizing the situation and repelling possible aggression from the outside. They were instructed to protect the local population from gangs, as well as distribute food, fuel and basic necessities. Our government hoped that the deployment of troops would be short-term.
Slides 3-4
Presenter 2: On December 25, 1979, at 15.00, the entry of a limited contingent of Soviet troops into the territory of Afghanistan began, through Kushka to Herat and Kandahar, and then to Kabul.
On the night of December 27, 1979, special groups of the USSR KGB “Zenith” and “Thunder”, formed during the operation in Afghanistan from Alpha employees, together with special forces of the Main Intelligence Directorate, stormed the presidential palace on the outskirts of Kabul. The entire operation “Storm-333” lasted no more than 20 minutes; in addition to the palace, 17 more objects in Kabul were captured.
The next morning, Soviet troops began to arrive in Kabul. Thus began the ten-year Afghan war...
Slide 5
Reader:
We are given only an hour before departure,
Just an hour of last rest.
They told us: we are flying to Afghanistan.
Yesterday's boys are flying to Kabul.
Today we are not writing any lines.
And, entrusting your fate to the domes,
Let's descend into the Afghan sands,
And we will measure the rocks with our boots...
Slides 6-7
Presenter 1: Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov, a major general, was appointed commander of the 40th Army, that is, a limited contingent sent to Afghanistan. When planning any military operations, the army command was closely faced with the only problem: how to save people's lives? Both Soviet and Afghan! How to avoid the death of soldiers?
Slide 8
The song by A. Rosenbaum “In the Black Tulip” is playing.
Presenter 2: On April 14, 1988, the foreign ministers of Afghanistan, Pakistan, Soviet Union and the United States signed five documents in Geneva on political settlement situations around Afghanistan. According to the Geneva Agreements, which came into force a month later, Soviet troops were supposed to leave Afghanistan in nine months.
Slides 9-10
Presenter 1: The first withdrawal of our troops took place in June-July 1980. In 1983, several more units were returned to the territory of the Soviet Union. The large-scale withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan was carried out in three stages. The first one was October 1986. The second – May 15, 1988. Third – February 15, 1989. Troops left the territory of Afghanistan in a combat situation. The main problem was organizing military guards for the columns on the march.
Reader:
IN last time I'm taking off over Kabul.
Home! Home! Now it's forever.
The night is full of stars and jet noise.
And somewhere in it my star burns.
The roll is at the limit, the nerves are at the limit.
And overload does not raise your hands.
Do you remember me, birch, pine, spruce?
You are as far from me as the stars.
Below lies a strange midnight city:
Tens of thousands of tiny lights.
Tens of thousands of stars, spilled onto the mountains,
And each one poses a threat to me.
Above the safety zone, circles,
A huge liner rushes to the heights,
And the flames of false targets flare brightly,
To ward off a hostile star.
And down there, I know there are a lot of them,
Ready to rush predatorily into flight,
And splashes of hot metal
Plunge a plane full of people into it.
And everyone, everyone, everyone knows it
And everyone, everyone is waiting tensely,
When it suddenly howls and blinks
The signal that the pilot will give us!
Border! Motherland! And that means we will be alive.
Now the airfield will wait for us.
We smile at each other happily,
Shine, my star, thunder, fireworks thunder!
Slide 11
Presenter 2: The last battalion to leave Afghanistan was the 201st Division. Before the withdrawal of B.V. Gromov formed a battalion and, knowing that he would no longer have to meet with him, thanked all the fighters and said that on this special day the reconnaissance battalion of the 201st division would go down in history as the last unit of the Soviet troops to leave the territory of Afghanistan. But the last one to leave Afghanistan was an armored personnel carrier, in which the commander of the 40th Army, Hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel General Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov, rode.
Reader:
Sleep well, mothers and fathers,
Brides-wives, dear to the heart.
We sacredly preserve the honor of our native country,
We, your faithful sons, Russia.
And, having met on native land,
Let's remember the guys who didn't return
A single minute of silence.
Slide 12
A minute of silence is announced.
Slide 13
Presenter 1: The most difficult result of the Afghan war is the death of our soldiers and officers. 13,833 military personnel, including 1,979 officers and generals, were killed or died from wounds and illnesses, 572 KGB servicemen, 28 employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 190 military advisers, of which 145 were officers, were killed, 6,669 Afghans became disabled, of which 1,479 people were disabled 1- th group. Hepatitis affected 115,308 people, typhoid fever affected 31,080 soldiers and officers. During the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, all the obelisks that were installed at the sites where soldiers and officers of the 40th Army were killed were evacuated to their homeland.
Presenter 2: The Russian army has long been famous for its victories: on the battlefields against the Mongol-Tatar yoke, during the Patriotic War 1812, selfless heroism on the fronts during the Great Patriotic War. Internationalist warriors added glorious history Russian victories. It is not without reason that many of them were awarded state awards for dedication, courage and heroism shown in providing international assistance to the Republic of Afghanistan. In our time, Russian boys have not run out of loyalty to the duty and traditions of older generations: an unyielding will to win, courage, courage.
Slide 14
Reader:
Uncover your souls. Cover your guns.
People, is it possible to win a war?
It's as hard as giving back to an old lady.
Beautiful youth, girlish spring.
People, every shot is a crossbow.
Stop listening to the drums warily,
And march enthusiastically in formation to be shot.
Cover your guns. Uncover your souls.
Maybe we should take off our soldiers' boots?
Let's put something better on our feet,
And let's do something to help those who are without a leg?
People, stop listening to the drums!
People, we will be alive at sea and on land!
Self-destruction is not a good fate!
Cover your guns! Uncover your souls!
Petliura’s song “Light the Candles” is playing.
Scenario of the festive event,
dedicated to the Day of the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan
Ved.1 : I am overgrown with memory,
As the wasteland is overgrown with forest,
And the memory birds sing in the morning,
And the wind-memory hums at night,
Memory trees babble all day long.
But in my memory such power is hidden,
What returns images and multiplies...
It makes noise without stopping, memory is rain,
And memory-snow flies and cannot fall.
I am overgrown with memory...
Ved.2: Time has its own memory - history. And therefore the world never forgets about the tragedies that shook the planet in different eras, including about
brutal wars, which claimed millions of lives, threw back
civilizations that destroyed the great values created by man.
(Afghanistan on screen)
Nastya Ved.1: South Asia, where Afghanistan is located, is separated from the rest of Asia by a chain of massive mountain ranges. The second highest mountain range in the world, the arid Hindu Kush, stretches across Afghanistan. It goes through Central Afghanistan.
Area of Afghanistan: 649,507 sq. km.
Population 25,825,000 people.
Capital: Kabul.
Currency: 1 Afghani.
Official language: Afghan, Persian,
Pashto.
Other languages: Uzbek, Turkish.
Main religions: Islam 99%, Hinduism, Judaism.
The events associated with the Afghan war and the fraternal assistance that our country, its army and law enforcement agencies provided to the people and government of Afghanistan in carrying out democratic reforms are going further into history. Then we were opposed not only by armed gangs supported by the most reactionary Muslim circles and imperialist powers. In fact, it was in those years that the USSR first encountered radical, well-prepared and armed Islamic terrorism, whose gloomy policies and brutal methods of implementation are now notorious throughout the world and are marked by the deaths of thousands of innocent civilians.
Afghanistan! You are all in me:
Exploding grenades, fragments of lead,
You are shrouded in a glow, all on fire,
There is no end to suffering and pain.
Afghanistan! You are our pain and grief,
The cry of mothers comes here,
A sea of burning tears has already been cried,
Perhaps there will be enough of them for all the years.
And again I rise to the attack,
And again the bullets raise dust.
Afghan! Why ahead of schedule?
You reveal a harsh reality to everyone.
History can't be turned back
We paid in full for Russia,
But memory brings us back again
To Afghanistan - to where we served.
Clip
Ved.2 : On February 15, 1989, General Gromov, commander of the limited contingent of Soviet troops in Afghanistan, reported that the exit
Soviet troops from this country are finished and .... on the long-suffering
There is not a single Soviet soldier left on the soil of Afghanistan.
Our people have been waiting for this day for nine years. And here it is February 15th
1989 became a symbolic day, a day of remembrance.
Having met on our native land, we
Lost in the cycle of memories,
Let's remember the guys who didn't return
A single moment of silence.
Ved.1: Operating in the harsh and unusual natural and climatic conditions of Afghanistan, far from the Motherland, Soviet military personnel and law enforcement officers withstood military trials with honor, defending the geopolitical and economic interests of the Fatherland, protecting our country and all of humanity for decades from religious fanatics, the spread of subversive ideology and criminal practices of Wahhabism, drug infiltration, US military presence in the Western Asia region and the immediate vicinity of our state borders.
Indeed, even now, after the collapse of the USSR, the borders of Tajikistan with Afghanistan are guarded by the Moscow border detachment.
Song "Afghanistan"
Ved.1: Birds fly below
The clouds are floating below.
The world is beautiful, soldier,
Yes, your work is not easy.
You'll make it to the end
You will save the light above the world -
You look like your father
You look like your grandfather...
Ved.2: The exploits in Afghanistan are akin to the exploits of the soldiers of the Great Patriotic Warwar. How could it be otherwise - one army, continuity of generations, and most importantly - military friendship, where the lives of comrades are more valuable than their own.
Ved.2: Time has chosen us
Spun in an Afghan snowstorm...
Our friends called us at a terrible hour -
We put on a special uniform
Ved.1: Loyalty, valor, courage and honor -
These qualities are not for show.
The Motherland has countless heroes,
Time has chosen us.
Ved.2: To an immortal feat,
To the highest of inspirations,
Not like getting to the top
They go from step to step,
They fly towards immortality,
Like flaming birds, -
Giving myself completely,
And not by particles.
Ved.1: Courage is not fashion
Fast, fleeting,
Courage is the essence of a man,
Durable, long, eternal,
Ved.2: Today's boys continue the relay of Courage. And Chechnya, how
Afghanistan, once upon a time, has become a long-suffering land. Here are ours
soldiers, offering a hand of friendship and saving the fate of humanity, sometimes
gave their very young lives for the sake of peace on earth.
Ved.1: The Afghan and Chechen wars will remind of themselves for a long time, until
mothers and fathers who lost their sons are alive. She will live in the memory of children,
who grew up without fathers. Many of them did not know the warmth of their fathers at all.
hands, while others will keep fragile childhood memories of
them.
Student: Sorry
We were only twenty.
We were not promised life.
Son, no need to cry,
We defended the truth.
Our plans did not come true.
The war burned through the hearts
Dushman's bestial howl
Burst into the fighter's dream.
Helicopters burned down
There is a steel blade in the blood.
We exploded on takeoff.
Don't cry, be patient, son!
The sun burned us.
A mirage beckoned with my hand.
And death was clutching in its hands.
Graves are the whole landscape.
I wanted to win so much!
I know the word DEBT!
But the coffins wear berets.
And the guitar's cry stopped.
My grave is in the sand.
The blade has dropped
Yes, death looks sad.
Don't cry, be patient son!
The medals are not worn.
The country looks away.
The berets were shot through.
There is a silent reproach in the eyes.
He left and didn’t look back.
Not life. One jerk.
Sorry for not coming back!
Sorry. Don't cry, son!
Student: Sounds over the native land:
“Equal to the hero!..”
And the ranks freeze
Red Banner system.
The high distance has opened up,
And glory touched my chest,
And the whole country turned around:
“Looking up to the hero.”
Ved.2: The floor is given to war - soldier Nurseitov T.K.
Ved.1: Let's turn it over history page,
The blizzard of those hot days will subside.
Let those who were in Afghanistan be proud,
If you haven't been there, don't regret it.
Ved.2: Time has its own memory - history. And therefore, the world never forgets about the tragedies that shook the planet in different eras, including brutal wars that claimed millions of lives, threw back civilizations, and destroyed the great values created by man. The Afghan war was precisely such a tragedy for our people.
At this solemn event, dedicated to the Day the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan is completed.
A clip about our guys who served in hot spots.
1 of 30
Presentation on the topic: Afghan and Chechen wars
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In 1973, the Daud (Saur) revolution took place, overthrowing the monarchy in Afghanistan. The first president of Afghanistan was Mohammed Daoud Khan (cousin of the deposed king), who relied on the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan - PDPA. This party was formed in 1965 and adhered to a pro-communist orientation. In 1967, due to tactical differences, two wings took shape in it: “Khalys” (“People”), led by N.M. Taraki and "Parchan" ("Banner") led by B. Karmal, who received their names from the factional newspapers of the same name. The Afghan war lasted from December 25, 1979 to February 15, 1989, that is, 2,238 days. On December 25, 1979, at 7 o’clock in the morning, near the city of Termez, two pontoon-bridge regiments began to build a pontoon bridge
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At 15.00, the entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan began in accordance with the order of the USSR Minister of Defense. The scouts were the first to cross, and then, under the leadership of General K. Kuzmin, the 108th Motorized Rifle Division. At the same time military transport aviation began airlifting the main forces of the airborne division of a separate parachute regiment to the airfields of Kabul and Bagram. Before last minute the paratroopers were not privy to the plans of senior management. It took forty-seven hours to transfer personnel, during which 343 flights were made. 7,700 paratroopers and 894 units of military equipment were delivered to Kabul and Bagram. On December 27, the 103rd Airborne Division took control of the building of the PDPA Central Committee, the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Communications and other important objects in the capital of Afghanistan. By the morning of December 28, units of the 108th Motorized Rifle Division concentrated northeast of Kabul.
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Military operation The introduction of Soviet troops into Afghanistan can be divided into two stages: 1) December 27-28, 2) December 29-31, 1979. At the first stage, on December 27, the Dar-ul-Aman palace, Kabul radio and other important objects were stormed. The second stage was to cross the state border and march along the routes Termez - Kabul - Ghazni and Kushka - Herat - Kandahar, encircling the most important administrative centers countries. Carrying out this task, the first motorized rifle division (12 thousand people) moved in the direction of Kushka - Kandahar, and other forces through Termez, the Salang pass - to Bagram and Kabul. Part of the Soviet troops from Kabul headed to Gardes.
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Before January 1, 1980, 50 thousand military personnel were introduced, including two airborne and two motorized rifle divisions. In January 1980, two more motorized rifle divisions entered Afghanistan, and total number Soviet troops reached 80 thousand people. During the first half of 1980, the Soviet military contingent continued to strengthen, especially with four combat aviation regiments, three helicopter and various separate brigades and regiments.
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Starting from the winter of 1980/81, the opposition intensified sabotage and terrorist activities. Instead of large formations of 500-1000 people, small detachments of 30-40 people and even smaller groups consisting of 2-3 terrorists began to operate. The objects of sabotage were industrial enterprises, transport, irrigation and energy structures. During these opposition actions, the Soviet military contingent, which was primarily used to carry out tasks to protect state and other DRA facilities, began to suffer noticeable losses. If in 1979 personnel losses amounted to 86 people, then in 1980 - 1484, in 1981 - 1298, in 1982 - 1948, in 1983 - 1446, in 1984 - 2343, in 1985 - 1868, in 1986 -1333, 1987 -1215, 1988 - 759, 1989 - 53 people
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Almost immediately after the introduction of Soviet troops, attempts were made to solve the “Afghan problem” politically. However, it was only in 1986 that the DRA leadership put forward a policy program for national reconciliation. On that new course The perestroika that began in the USSR and the new political thinking of the Soviet leadership led by M.S. had a direct impact. Gorbachev in the region foreign policy. The policy of national reconciliation included: negotiations with the armed opposition; creating conditions for the return of all refugees to their homeland; political and military amnesty for all Afghans who stopped fighting against the existing government, and even the formation of a coalition government. As a result of this new policy, new forces came to the leadership of the PDPA, and M. Najibullah became the General Secretary of the Central Committee in May 1986. On November 30, 1987, in accordance with the new constitution of Afghanistan, at a meeting of representatives of all segments of the population, Najibullah was elected president of the country.
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After this, the DRA government allowed the unhindered return to their homeland of all refugees, guaranteed the rights and freedoms of all DRA citizens who stopped the armed struggle, and by October 1989 signed agreements on the cessation of hostilities with 2/3 of all field commanders of the Afghan opposition. At the end of 1988 - beginning of 1989, meetings were held between representatives of the USSR and the Afghan opposition, as well as with representatives of the Pakistani, Iranian leadership and former king Afghanistan M. Zahir Shah on ending the war, restoring peace in the country and forming a coalition government. As part of these negotiations, the USSR confirmed that it would fully fulfill the obligations assumed in Geneva on April 14, 1988 for a political settlement of the situation around Afghanistan. By February 15, 1989, the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan was completed, which was monitored by UN observers
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First Chechen War (Chechen conflict 1994-1996. First Chechen campaign, Restoration of constitutional order in the Republic of Chechnya) - fighting in Chechnya and some localities neighboring regions Russian North Caucasus in order to keep Chechnya within Russia. Often called the "first Chechen war", although the conflict was officially called "measures to maintain constitutional order." The conflict and the events preceding it were characterized by a large number of casualties among the population, military and law enforcement agencies, facts of genocide of the non-Chechen population in Chechnya were noted. Despite certain military successes of the Armed Forces and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the results of this conflict were the defeat and withdrawal of federal troops, mass destruction and casualties, de -de facto independence of Chechnya before the second Chechen conflict and the wave of terror that swept across Russia
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Chechen conflict In September 1991, Dudayev’s people defeated the Supreme Council of the Chechen Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in Grozny. Deputies were beaten and thrown out of windows, resulting in the death of City Council Chairman Vitaly Kutsenko. The Chairman of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, Ruslan Khasbulatov, then sent them a telegram “I was pleased to learn about the resignation of the Armed Forces of the Republic.” After the collapse of the USSR, Dzhokhar Dudayev announced the secession of Chechnya from Russian Federation and on the creation of the Republic of Ichkeria
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Since the summer of 1994, fighting has unfolded in Chechnya between government troops loyal to Dudayev and the forces of the opposition Provisional Council. For example, troops loyal to Dudayev carried out offensive operations in the Nadterechny and Urus-Martan regions controlled by opposition troops. They were accompanied by significant losses on both sides; tanks, artillery and mortars were used. In Urus-Martan alone in October 1994, Dudayev’s followers lost 27 people killed, according to the opposition. The operation was personally planned by the Chief of the General Staff Armed Forces ChRI A. Maskhadov. The commander of the opposition detachment in Urus-Martan, B. Gantamirov, lost from 5 to 34 people killed, according to various sources. In Argun in September 1994, the detachment of the opposition field commander R. Labazanov lost 27 people killed. The opposition, in turn, carried out offensive actions in Grozny on September 12 and October 15, 1994, but retreated each time without achieving decisive success, although it did not suffer large losses. On November 26, the opposition unsuccessfully stormed Grozny for the third time.
Historians say that Russian-Ukrainian ancestors a thousand years ago, before attacking the enemy, informed him: “I’m coming to face you...”
In the current conflict in the East of Ukraine between the Slavs themselves, no one takes responsibility for the death of the civilian population: women, children, old people...
In Afghanistan, the warring parties always knew the truth. Only we could bomb from the air; the Mujahideen did not have aviation. Rocket attacks from both sides and even a gunshot could always be distinguished.
But this was the truth for domestic consumption, but for Soviet public opinion and the world, which wanted to be deceived, we said that we were building schools, hospitals in Afghanistan... and they, dushmans, were shooting.
In Chechnya it was even easier to hide the truth. Who killed civilians in Samashki in the spring of 1995, who burned their houses? The investigation was then carried out by our Duma, headed by the master of cinematography. No one answered for the murders of people.
When the artillery fired at its own people, the dead were presented with government awards and... the murder was blamed on the militants. Who needed to know the truth?
On April 1, 1996, according to Yeltsin’s Decree, another peace came in Chechnya. And a few days later they fired at the village of Prigorodnoye, 3-4 km from Khankala, with a Hurricane. The only Hurricane division was stationed at that time on Khankala. The division command later admitted to its superiors: they fired at the village of Goiskoye (several tens of kilometers from Khankala), and three shells hit Prigorodnoye. Either they made a mistake with the calculations, or the shells were deformed, that is, subject to destruction... Apparently, Yeltsin did not declare peace for the village of Goysky.
How similar this is to today's events in Ukraine!
During the August 1996 battles for Grozny, the reconnaissance battalion of the 205-1 motorized rifle brigade stood 500 meters from the so-called GUOSH (Main Directorate operational headquarters Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia). The latter asked the scouts to help: to hit the militants who were nearby with mortar fire.
The signal captain who commanded the mortar men arrived in Chechnya straight from civilian life. A few years before this war, he retired from the army. But apparently, civilian bread was no more satisfying than army bread.
In general, the signal captain, holding a stewed meat sandwich with bread in one hand and an iron mug of sweet tea in the other, commands the mortar men: “Fire!” After this, the “Guoshites” are heard swearing over the radio station. And then the conversation resembled a plot from a cartoon about Winnie the Pooh. Remember when he went up in a balloon, and Piglet hit the balloon with a gun?
The artillerymen in Ukraine on both sides remind me of that signal captain, or Piglet, shooting a ball...
And innocent people die on trolleybuses, buses, and airplanes.
The signal captain, who fired at his own people, was surpassed by the First Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs V. Rushailo.
At the beginning of March 2000, Podolsk riot police stationed in the Staropromyslovsky district of Grozny, knowing that Sergiev Posad riot police were coming to replace them, opened fire on them, confusing them with militants. Their fear was so great that they stopped only after they had killed 21 riot police and injured several dozen. After this tragedy, in order to somehow cover up their tracks, they began to blame and kill local Chechens.
The State Duma Security Committee formed a commission to investigate this shooting. By the way, the most active in it were former ministers Ministry of Internal Affairs N. Kulikov and S. Stepashin and our Yura Shchekochikhin. When they asked the first Rushailov deputy, how did he know that the attackers on the convoy were Chechen militants, since not a single person was detained? He answered without embarrassment: “For fresh graves in the cemetery.”
Only a year later, Prosecutor General Vladimir Ustinov, we must give him his due, named the true culprits of the tragedy.
On the Novaya website I read how they scold our girls journalists who risk their lives in the East of Ukraine. And they wrote the truth, how women, children, and old people are dying in this monstrous war at the hands of shooting idiots. All these shells, bombs and bullets are ours, essentially Soviet.
A few days before the tragedy in Mariupol, a close friend from there called me on my mobile phone. He is my age, 60 years old. Russian. Here's our short conversation:
— I’m here, near Mariupol.
- Who are you there? How long have you been in a cassock?
“I put it on when it’s quiet, and in battle I’m a machine gunner.” I was even awarded...
“Oh my God,” I thought, “he’s there too!” But I served in the military forty years ago.”
No, to understand that there will be no winners in this massacre, this shed human blood is not enough for them...
Chechen fighters unexpectedly became famous in the field of struggle against the West. This happened on the Afghan front. In terms of their fighting qualities, they surpassed the local dushmans and Arab mercenaries. Military experts from NATO countries openly admitted this. In particular, the Canadian newspaper “The National Post” writes: “The most persistent enemies of the Canadian military in Afghanistan are people from Chechnya.” Her words are confirmed by the soldiers of the 22nd Canadian regiment “Van Doos”. According to them, the toughest resistance in Afghanistan to them It is not the Taliban who are exerting themselves, but Chechen militants: “In terms of their fighting qualities, these are the best opponents of those whom we have encountered before.”
It is worth noting that this regiment is conducting combat operations in the Panjwai and Zakhri regions. However, it would be a mistake to think that natives of Chechnya were noted only in these areas. It is very simple to determine the “geography” of the Chechen presence on Afghan soil: where the fiercest battles are taking place, that’s where the natives of Grozny and Vedeno made their mark. Traditionally, one of the most problematic provinces since Soviet times are the provinces of Kandahar and Helmand. Western forces have never been able to take full control of these areas. Or rather, they control only large populated areas where NATO troops are stationed, and even then only during the day. At night, in the same unruly Kandahar, Islamists reign.
NATO experts see the reason for the deterioration of the situation in Afghanistan, which some have almost written down as a “Western colony,” in the increased attention to this country from Al-Qaeda. According to Brigadier General Mark Haynes, the commander of the Canadian military contingent in Afghanistan and at the same time the deputy commander of NATO forces in the southern sector, foreign fighters are increasingly complicating the situation.
And although Europe and the United States verbally act as such champions of democracy, in reality the situation is different. And a clear confirmation of this is, in fact, the information vacuum created in Afghanistan by their hands. However, sometimes the veil of secrecy is pierced by the news of massive bombings by NATO aircraft of a particular area, or that major military clashes have occurred in a particular area. In addition, the increased activity of local resistance is indicated by the fact that Lately Cases of helicopter crashes from coalition countries have become more frequent there.
Warriors from the North Atlantic Alliance mistakenly see one of the reasons for this escalation, unexpected for the West, in the decline in the authority of the Taliban among the Afghan population. In their opinion, Afghans are already tired of war and, first of all, want peace. And supposedly for this reason they began to recruit foreigners into their ranks, including Chechens, who give them heat. However, this explanation does not stand up to criticism. It is worth saying that the Taliban were and remain popular in the places where they come from. Mainly, these are areas of traditional residence of Pashtuns bordering Pakistan. At the same time, in the northern regions, where Uzbeks and Tajiks live, the Taliban have never had much influence. And this situation has changed little over the past decade.
Be that as it may, the reason for the increasing “relative weight” of foreigners among Afghans is different. In his comment "NewsInfo" Chief Editor in the magazine of the Ministry of Defense "Orientir", an expert in the field of anti-terrorism, Colonel Mikhail Boltunov, noted: “One should not be surprised that there are many foreign volunteers among the Taliban. In Afghanistan, this will not surprise anyone. Soviet troops set foot on Afghan soil in 1979, when we immediately encountered these foreign mujahideen. Who wasn’t there! Arabs from almost all countries of the world, Pakistanis, Persians. In general, you can’t count them all. When the Americans came to Afghanistan, they faced the same thing, if you remember who is still sitting in Guantanamo."
Thus, foreign mujahideen have already developed the tradition of a “jihad tour to Kabul” and are going there along a well-worn path. The thing is that after the fall of the Najibullah regime in the internecine struggle, the Afghans lost many veterans of the war against Soviet army and by the time the Western forces invaded, they did not have time to properly prepare new fighters. And therefore, according to NATO experts, the level of training of the Mujahideen, whom the Taliban manages to recruit from the local population, is very low. Therefore, they strive to obtain more “educated personnel” at any cost. The Chechens, veterans of the last two Caucasian wars, are the most attractive element in this situation. These are a kind of “universal soldiers” who are suitable not only for “direct” use in battle, but also as instructors.
However, the information about the “Chechen trace” is not so sensational. When NATO troops first entered Afghanistan, information immediately appeared that it was the natives of Chechnya who were offering the most fierce resistance to them.
It is worth noting that recently the number of terrorist activities on Chechen soil has sharply decreased. How can this situation be explained? Firstly, by the growing authority of Ramzan Kadyrov in Chechnya itself, on the other hand, by the behavior of Moscow, which is pursuing a policy in the republic aimed at showing the Chechens that it is much more profitable for them in all respects to live in peace with the federal center. In other words, according to reviews from the Arabic-language media, which previously occupied a Russophobic policy, Russia, in a certain sense, was able to reverse the previous situation, when many in the Islamic world perceived it as an aggressor.
Behind last years our country, supporting Iran and a number of Arab countries and movements against Israel and the United States, has established itself as a defender of the Islamic world. And not only abroad, but also among many Caucasians. This was facilitated to a large extent by the recent deployment of Chechen battalions and Russian units engineering troops to Lebanon, where they were engaged in the restoration of bridges destroyed by Israeli aircraft. This became a real and loud PR campaign for Russia in Arab and Muslim countries.
Is that why Chechen militants transferred their activity to Afghanistan and Iraq? In other words, they attacked the West, which had recently defended them. Russia simply must use this situation to its advantage. Of course, militant sentiments among part of the population of the Caucasus were observed quite often. For example, after a victorious completion Caucasian War 1817–64 Abrekism became one of the forms of their expression. However, tsarist Russia took advantage of such militant sentiments during the First World War, creating in 1915 the famous Wild (Native) Division from representatives of all Caucasian peoples, in varying proportions included in the Dagestan, Ingush, Kabardian, Tatar, Circassian and Chechen shelves.
Thus, the tsar placed great trust in the Caucasian peoples. Some of the advisers dissuaded him from this step, assuring him that such a part would immediately go over to the enemy’s side. However, the ideas of the pessimists were not heard. The tsar was forced to take this measure by the difficult situation at the front. However, Caucasian volunteers exceeded all expectations with their valor, heroism and patriotism. The experiment was so successful that in 1917 the division began to be deployed into a corps. And while in simple units there was widespread desertion under the influence of the defeatist agitation of the Bolsheviks, the “Natives” fully retained their combat effectiveness, as evidenced by their use by Kornilov during the August Uprising of 1917.
In such a situation, why not try to use a similar historical experience against the same West? It is worth noting that among a significant portion of Muslims living in Russia, US actions in Afghanistan and Iraq are perceived as personal grief and the murder of brothers in the Faith. So maybe we shouldn’t interfere, but should encourage the just desire on the part of many of them to protect their fellow believers? After all, such fighters secretly help Russia. After all, the more NATO gets bogged down in Afghanistan and Iraq, the less Brussels and Washington will put pressure on Moscow.