EntranceI.S. Turgenev "Bezhin Meadow": description, characters, analysis of the work
In the story “Bezhin Meadow” we are presented with a gallery of portraits of peasant children who were guarding a herd of horses in a meadow on a hot summer night. There are five boys: Pavlusha, Fedya, Ilyusha, Kostya and Vanya.
The boy Pavlusha attracted the narrator's attention the most. He was ugly: tousled hair, gray eyes, wide cheekbones, a pale, pockmarked face, a huge head, “as they say, the size of a beer kettle,” a squat and awkward body. The clothing was rather modest, “it all consisted of a simple, fancy shirt and patched ports.” Pavlush attracted attention with his intelligent look and voice, which sounded powerful. Pavel was a brave, confident, decisive boy. When, after Ilyoshi’s story about Ermil, the dogs began to bark loudly and rushed away from the fire, all the boys got scared. Only Pavlusha, without hesitation at all, rushed after the dogs with a scream. "Nice boy!" - thought the narrator, looking at the returning Pavlusha: “His ugly face, enlivened by fast driving, burned with bold prowess and firm determination.” The boy is not afraid of wolves or strange sharp cries at night. He is sure that these sounds belong to the heron, and not to the goblin.
Keeping the listeners in suspense, Pavlusha slowly leads the story about Trishka. “An amazing person” Trishka will appear on earth “when the last times" The people interpreted a solar eclipse, or “celestial foresight,” as one of the signs of the end of the world. Thus, the entire population of the village after solar eclipse I was looking forward to Trishka's appearance. Seeing a strange man on the road, “so sophisticated,” with an amazing head, everyone was alarmed. Arousing the superstitious feelings of the children, Pavel then gives a realistic explanation to the riddle about Trishka. The peasants' expectations were not met; the end of the world was postponed indefinitely. Trishka turned out to be not Trishka at all, but a local cooper, Vavila, who bought himself a new jug and put it on his head.
Pavel knew everything about nature, he could explain everything simply and clearly.
What is this? - Kostya suddenly asked, raising his head. Pavel listened.
These are the Easter cakes flying and whistling.
Where are they going?
And where, they say, there is no winter.
Is there really such a land?
Far, far away, beyond the warm seas.
Pavlusha is sure that his fate cannot be avoided, so he boldly draws water from the river even when he imagines the voice of a drowned comrade, which, according to the guys, foreshadowed his death. Pavlusha did not escape his fate: in the same year he died after falling from a horse.
The eldest of all the boys, Fedya, could have been about fourteen years old. “He was a slender boy with beautiful and thin, slightly small features, curly blond hair, light eyes and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile... He was wearing a motley cotton shirt with a yellow border; a small new army jacket, worn saddle-back, barely rested on his narrow shoulders; a comb hung on a blue belt.”
We can say with confidence that Fedya is from a rich family: new beautiful clothes, boots with low tops belonged to him, not his father. He went out into the field “not out of necessity, but for fun.” He listened enthusiastically to the stories of other boys, while he himself spoke very little (like the son of a rich peasant, afraid of losing his dignity).
Twelve-year-old Ilyusha was known as the best storyteller. His appearance was unattractive: a hook-nosed, elongated, short-sighted face, expressing “some kind of dull, painful solicitude.” The boy constantly squinted as if from fire. With both hands, he continually pulled a low felt cap over his ears, from under which his yellow, almost white hair constantly fell out. The boy knew many popular beliefs, and, judging by the stories about the brownie, about Ermil, about Trishka, he sincerely believed in everything unusual. He never saw the heroes of his stories, “and God forbid... to see; but others saw it.”
Unlike Pavlusha, Ilyusha found manifestations of otherworldly forces in everything. In his fantasies, a brownie appears, moving objects, coughing, making noise; the ram begins to speak in a human voice. Ilyusha, imitating the adults, began to speak out of his fear: “The power of the cross is with us!”; “Don’t scold, make sure [the devil] hears.”
Kostya was different from everyone else with his thoughtful, sad look. His eyes made a strange impression: “they seemed to want to express something for which there were no words in the language - in his language, at least.” Kostya had a story about a mermaid.
The mythical mermaid is amazingly pure and woven from a wide variety of natural elements. The mermaid is “fair, white, like some kind of raft or minnow.” And “her voice... she has such a thin and plaintive voice.” Kostya also spoke thoughtfully and sadly about the drowned boy Vasya. And it is no longer the mermaid who cries, but the mother of the drowned Vasya, “crying, crying, bitterly complaining to God.”
The youngest, seven-year-old Vanya, might not have been noticed: “he lay on the ground, quietly huddled under the angular matting, and only occasionally stuck his light brown curly head out from under it.” The boy, without moving and holding his breath, listened to the stories of his elders, only once drawing the attention of all the children to the stars. In Vanya’s imagination, the stars swarmed in the sky like bees.
The images of the guys are depicted vividly in the story, they are deeply individual, each is interesting and deep in its own way, as only a professional of such a class as I. S. Turgenev can have.
In the poetic story “Bezhin Meadow”, images of peasant children appear. Turgenev gives a detailed emotional and psychological description of peasant children. These guys are very active and inquisitive. They are independent not only in their children's worries and troubles, but also in their ideas about reality, imbued with superstition that is natural to them. In peasant boys, Turgenev reveals the poetic nature of the Russian people, their live connection with native nature.
Against the backdrop of the poetic and mysterious Central Russian nature, the author with extraordinary sympathy paints village children in the night. The lost hunter sits down next to the lighted fire and, in the mysterious light of the fire, peers into the faces of the boys. There were five of them: Fedya, Pavlusha, Ilyusha, Kostya and Vanya. They were very different.
The lost hunter loves the rare prowess, determination, courage and modesty of Pavlusha, who gallops after the dogs on a frightening night, without even a simple twig in his hands. The author is close to the curiosity and inquisitiveness of the mind of Ilyusha - an amateur scary stories and unusual rural beliefs, believing in the indispensable existence of forces hostile to people.
The writer also likes Fedya, an unusually attractive boy, very artistic. The hunter also likes little Kostya, endowed with a “thoughtful gaze” and a developed imagination. It is joyful for an adult guest to hear from Vanyusha with what amazing feeling he perceives the beauty of nature.
All these children talk very differently about people and village events, but they all sincerely believe in miracles and are ready to solve the unknown mysteries of life. Boys have a lot of prejudices and superstitions - this is a consequence of the darkness and downtroddenness of their fathers and mothers.
Real life, according to Turgenev, will soon dispel the boys’ illusions and mystical moods, but will certainly preserve their rare poetic feelings.
I.S. Turgenev “Bezhin Meadow”: images of peasant children.
Target: analysis of portraits of heroes as a means of depicting their characters.
Tasks: help get into art world writer; find and analyze portrait characteristics of boys; show how the author relates to his characters; talk about stories told by boys; find out how they characterize child narrators; develop the ability to analyze and draw conclusions.
Planned learning outcomes:
Subject: cognitive sphere: show the richness of the spiritual world of peasant children, Turgenev’s skill in creating portraits and comparative characteristics of heroes; generalization and deepening of what has been studied in the works of I.S. Turgenev; possess the skills of compiling oral and written characteristics of the hero, working with a dictionary literary terms; make up verbal portrait based on acquired knowledge and ideas; create a presentation and defend your own illustrations;
value-orientation sphere: evaluate the expressive reading of classmates; form your own attitude towards the works of I.S. Turgenev; become familiar with the spiritual and moral values of Russian literature;
communication sphere: possess the skills of retelling while maintaining style work of art, with a change in the narrator's face, expressive reading; be able to construct an oral response using quotation.
Personal: realize personal meaning teachings; show readiness for self-development.
Metasubject (criteria for the formation/assessment of UUD components):
educational: navigate the reference literature, answer the teacher’s questions; compare and draw conclusions; find the necessary information in a textbook, reference book, Internet resources;
regulatory: master the ability to understand the educational objectives of the lesson, evaluate their achievements in the lesson;
communicative: have the ability to pronounce a monologue, conduct a dialogue, work individually and in a group; use verbal means in accordance with the task of communication to express their feelings and thoughts; formulate and defend your opinion; show respect for another person and their opinion.
Methods and forms of training: frontal (conversation), individual, steam room
Equipment: The epigraph of the lesson is written on the board: “With what sympathy and good nature the author describes his heroes to us, how he knows how to make readers love them with all his heart!” (V.G. Belinsky).
Internet resources:http:// www. literature5. people. ru/ turgenev_ paxomov. html
Lesson progress:
I. Organization of the beginning of the lesson.
Creating a psychological atmosphere for the lesson, including students in the business rhythm of the lesson.
Invented by someone simply but wisely
When you meet, say hello: “Good morning”!
“Good morning” to the sun and birds,
“Good morning” to friendly faces.
And everyone becomes kind, trusting,
AND Good morning lasts until the evening!
II. Motivation for learning activities.
1. Reading the poem “In the Night” by Ivan Zakharovich Surikov
Summer evening. Behind the forests
The sun has already set;
At the edge of the distant sky
Zorka turned red;
But that too went out. Stomp
It is heard in the field.
That's a herd of horses at night
It rushes through the meadows.
Grabbing the horses by the mane,
Children are jumping in the field.
That's joy and fun,
That's the way for the children!
On the tall horse grass
They wander in the open;
The children gathered in a group,
The conversation starts...
And children come to mind
Grandmother's tales:
There's a witch rushing with a broom
For night dances;
There's a goblin rushing over the forest
With a shaggy head,
And across the sky, showering sparks,
The winged serpent flies;
And some are all in white
Shadows walk in the field...
Children are afraid - and children
The fire is lit.
2. Goal setting
Guys, what do you think: is this poem somehow connected with our lesson today? ( in Turgenev's story we meet the village boys who went out into the night).
What does it mean to go out at night? ( grazing horses at night).
What do you think “nighttime” means to boys? ( freedom, independence).
How does the hero-narrator feel about the guys he accidentally met in the night steppe? How do we know about this? (the author and the hero-storyteller convey their attitude through description).
So what are we going to talk about today? What will we devote the lesson to?
Well done, you correctly learned the topic and purpose of the lesson.
III. Updating knowledge, skills and abilities:
1. Work in pairs
There is text on your tables. What kind of text is this? ( description, portrait)
What is a portrait? (image of the hero’s appearance (his face, figure, clothes)
What can you learn from a portrait?
Can we tell from the portrait? internal qualities person? (yes, for example, kind eyes)
. (Fedya).
(Pavlusha).
. (Ilyusha)
(Kostya).
Your task is to determine who we are talking about. Look at the boys (Fedya's portrait, Vanya's portrait, Kostya's portrait, Ilyusha's portrait, Pavlusha's portrait on each table) and decide on the hero.
Go to the board and hang up a portrait of your hero, read the portraits of the boys to each other. Do you agree that you identified the hero correctly?
Which boy's description is missing? Why do you think?
IV. Studying new topic
1. Drawing up a characterization plan for the hero (using the example of one of the boys)
You are given a table (Appendix No. 2), which you must fill out and prepare a coherent story about the hero you found in the previous task. 5 minutes to work, 2-3 minutes to speak.
| Character | age | Family, status | Cloth | Facial expression | Character | My opinion about the boy |
|
Thanks for the answers.
Conclusion:(Slide No. 3) Portrait in literature is one of the means of artistic characterization, which consists in the fact that the writer reveals the typical character of his heroes and expresses his ideological attitude towards them through the image of the heroes’ appearance: their figure, face, clothes, movements, gestures, manners .
Guys, what do these children have in common? ( the boys are friendly, not spoiled, everyone knows how to tell a good story, they are village children, almost all of them are poor)
What is the difference between these boys? ( they have different characters)
2. Reading by role of the passage(from the words “Kostya shuddered” to the words “silence came again”)
How did the boys open up to you in this passage?
Let us turn to the words of the epigraph. Which of the boys did you fall in love with, who aroused the greatest sympathy and interest, and why?
Are there stories that make you smile, which ones?
Have you noticed what word Turgenev uses to describe the boys' stories? Maybe stories, or legends, or little tales? ( beliefs)
3. Working with a dictionary.
Belief - this is a belief, a sign, coming from antiquity and living among the people.
Tales of tales - fabrications, fabrications.
Tradition - a story about the past passed from mouth to mouth, from generation to generation, a legend.
Bylichka is a story about a fantastic event in which the narrator considers himself a participant or witness.
What did you hear from the boys’ lips?
Do you think the boys themselves believed what they were saying? Why do guys tell each other scary stories?
(The boys’ conversations reflect superstitions and fear of them: boys believe in something that does not exist in the world, but that is instilled in them by the ignorance and superstition of adults).
V.Relaxation
4. Blitz survey
Why did the peasant children end up on Bezhin Meadow at night?
Which boy is from the wealthiest family? How do you know about this?
(Fedya. By clothes)
How old were the children ? ( Fedya is about 14 years old, Pavlusha and Ilyusha look no more than 12 years old, Kostya is 10, Vanya is 7.)
What were the boys cooking? "Potato"
- who is the bravest of the boys? Why do you think so? Paul. He is not afraid to jump on a wolf, at night, without a twig in his hand, completely alone. It is Pavlusha who owns the funniest stories in this story. He goes for water, despite the stories about drowned people.
5. General conclusions
Each portrait contains a mystery. We feel that Turgenev seems to be calling us to peer and think, without stopping at the first impression. The author has sympathy for children. In Turgenev's portrayal, these are gifted, capable children. Each of them has its own special character.
- What are they?
(Fedya full of feeling self-esteem, which is expressed in the fact that he tries to listen more than to speak: he is afraid that he might say something stupid.
Pavlusha He is businesslike and caring: he cooks potatoes, goes to fetch water. He is the bravest and most courageous of the boys: alone, without a twig, he galloped towards the wolf, while all the other boys were terribly frightened. By nature he is endowed common sense.
Ilyusha inquisitive, inquisitive, but his mind and curiosity are directed only to the terrible and mysterious. It seems to him that all life is surrounded only by spirits hostile to man.
Kostya He is naturally compassionate: he sympathizes with all people who, in his opinion, have suffered from evil spirits.
Vanya, about whom almost nothing is said in the story, deeply loves nature. During the day he likes flowers, at night he likes stars. It was he, in a sincere outburst of his childish spontaneity, who diverted the boys’ attention from talking about the terrible to the beautiful stars.)
- Are children interesting to the hunter?
Despite the difference in age, education, upbringing, social status, children are interesting to Turgenev. He forgets about fatigue and listens carefully to all these stories. The hunter did not fall asleep by the fire, but watched the guys with undisguised curiosity. In his story, he expressed a feeling of deep, sincere sympathy for peasant children.
- How did you imagine the world of peasant children in the 19th century? What is it filled with? How did they live?
(On the one hand, independent from the cradle, they have absorbed everything Russian: attitude to nature, beliefs, signs, a lively mind. On the other hand, hard work, lack of opportunity to study.)
- Can we tell about a person’s inner qualities from a portrait?
- Is it possible to recognize and reveal the image of a hero from speech?
(The children's stories are colorful, bright, testify to the richness of their imagination, their ability to convey their impressions, but at the same time, to a greater extent, they speak about something else: about the darkness of children, about the fact that children are captive of the wildest superstitions.) Here is before You see another side of the world of childhood in the image of Turgenev.
But we will talk about this in more detail in the next lesson.
VI. Reflection.
1. I worked during the lesson
A) actively
B) passively
2. With my work I
A) satisfied
B) not happy
3. The lesson seemed to me
A) short
B) long
4. My mood has become
VII. Information about homework:
Analyze the image of one of the boys (your choice) using syncwine.
Find descriptions of nature in the text, think about what role they play in the story.
He was a slender boy of fourteen years old, with beautiful and delicate, slightly small features, curly blond hair, light eyes and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile..
He has disheveled black hair, gray eyes, wide cheekbones, a pale, pockmarked face, a large but regular mouth; the whole head is huge, as they say, the size of a beer cauldron; the body is squat, awkward.
His face was rather insignificant: hook-nosed, elongated, blind, his compressed lips did not move, his knitted eyebrows did not diverge. His yellow, almost white hair stuck out in sharp braids from under his low felt cap..
This is a boy of about ten years old... His whole face was small, thin, freckled, pointed downwards, like a squirrel’s; lips could hardly be distinguished; but his large, black eyes, shining with a liquid brilliance, made a strange impression.
| Character | age | Family, status | Cloth | Facial expression | Character | My opinion about the boy |
|
| Character | age | Family, status | Cloth | Facial expression | Character | My opinion about the boy |
|
| Character | age | Family, status | Cloth | Facial expression | Character | My opinion about the boy |
|
| Character | age | Family, status | Cloth | Facial expression | Character | My opinion about the boy |
|
Fedya
Fedya was one of the ringleaders, the son of a wealthy peasant. Fedya, you would give him fourteen years. He was a slender boy, with beautiful and delicate, slightly small features, curly blond hair, light eyes and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile. He behaves with restraint, a little condescendingly - the position obliges him. He belonged, by all accounts, to a rich family and went out into the field not out of necessity, but just for fun. He was wearing a motley cotton shirt with a yellow border; a small new army jacket, worn saddle-back, barely rested on his narrow shoulders; a comb hung from a blue belt. His boots with low tops were just like his boots - not his father's.
Fedya lay leaning on his elbow and spreading the tails of his overcoat. is patronizing towards other boys. Fedya is patronizing towards other boys.
He listened carefully to all the boys, but with all his appearance he showed that he did not believe in their stories. It is felt that he received a good education at home and therefore he is not characterized by the naivety that is inherent in other children.
Pavlusha
The second boy, Pavlusha, had tousled black hair, gray eyes, wide cheekbones, a pale, pockmarked face, a large but regular mouth, a huge head, as they say, the size of a beer pot, a squat, awkward body. The guy was unprepossessing - needless to say! - but still I liked him: he looked very smart and direct, and there was strength in his voice. He could not flaunt his clothes: they all consisted of a simple homespun shirt and patched ports. Pavlusha watched the potatoes and, kneeling, poked a sliver of wood into the boiling water. Pavlusha tells three stories: about heavenly foresight, about Trishka, about Vasya’s voice. Pavlusha is distinguished by her efficiency and courage. He was not afraid to go and see why the dogs were worried.
Ilyusha - an ugly but neat boy. His face was hook-nosed, elongated, slightly blind, and expressed a kind of dull, painful solicitude. Yellow, almost white hair stuck out in sharp braids from under a low felt cap, which he pulled over his ears every now and then with both hands. He was wearing new bast shoes and onuchi; a thick rope, twisted three times around the waist, carefully tied his neat black scroll. Both he and Pavlusha looked no more than twelve years old.
Ilyusha tells 7 stories: a story about a brownie that happened to him and his comrades, about a werewolf, about the late master Ivan Ivanovich, about fortune telling on his parents' Saturday, about Trishka the Antichist, about a peasant and a goblin, and about a merman. Ilyusha differs from all the village boys in his ability to captivatingly tell scary stories.
Kostya In the description of Kostya, a boy of about ten years old, the author notes a thoughtful and sad look. His whole face was small, thin, freckled, pointed downwards, like a squirrel's; his lips could barely be distinguished, but a strange impression was made by his large, black eyes, shining with a liquid brilliance; they seemed to want to say something, but he had no words. He was short, frail in build, and dressed rather poorly. Kostya lowered his head a little and looked somewhere into the distance. He is thoughtful and sad.
Kostya retells the story about the mermaid, which he heard from his father, about the voice from the storm and about the boy Vasya from his village.
Vanya The author does not give a portrait description of Vanya, only writes that he was only seven years old. He lay and did not move under his matting. Vanya is timid and silent, he does not tell any stories because he is small, but he looks at the sky and admires God's stars. Vanya is a very kind boy. He speaks fondly of his sister.
Fedya 
Kostya
Pavlusha 
Vanya
Ilyusha
1. I worked during the lesson
A) actively
B) passively
2. With my work I
A) satisfied
B) not happy
3. The lesson seemed to me
A) short
B) long
4. My mood has become
1. I worked during the lesson
A) actively
B) passively
2. With my work I
A) satisfied
B) not happy
3. The lesson seemed to me
A) short
B) long
4. My mood has become
1. I worked during the lesson
A) actively
B) passively
2. With my work I
A) satisfied
B) not happy
3. The lesson seemed to me
A) short
B) long
4. My mood has become
1. I worked during the lesson
A) actively
B) passively
2. With my work I
A) satisfied
B) not happy
3. The lesson seemed to me
A) short
B) long
4. My mood has become
A) better B) worse
Fill out the form. Circle your answer.
1. I worked during the lesson
A) actively
B) passively
2. With my work I
A) satisfied
B) not happy
3. The lesson seemed to me
A) short
B) long
4. My mood has become
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev is one of the galaxy of remarkable Russian writers of the 19th century who received worldwide recognition and the love of readers during his lifetime. In his works, he poetically described pictures of Russian nature, the beauty of human feelings. The work of Ivan Sergeevich is complex world human psychology. With the story “Bezhin Meadow” the image was first introduced into Russian literature children's world and child psychology. With the appearance of this story, the theme of the world of Russian peasants expanded.
History of creation
Peasant children are depicted by the writer with tenderness and love; he notes their rich spiritual world, ability to feel nature and its beauty. The writer awakened in readers love and respect for peasant children, made them think about their future destinies. The story itself is part of a large cycle under the general title “Notes of a Hunter.” The cycle is notable for the fact that for the first time in Russian literature, types of Russian peasants were brought onto the stage, described with such sympathy and detail that Turgenev’s contemporaries considered that a new class had emerged that was worthy of literary description.
In 1843 I.S. Turgenev met the famous critic V.G. Belinsky, who inspired him to create “Notes of a Hunter.” In 1845, Ivan Sergeevich decided to devote himself entirely to literature. He spent the summer in the village, giving everything free time hunting and communicating with peasants and their children. Plans for creating the work were first announced in August September 1850. Then, notes containing plans for writing the story appeared on the draft manuscript. At the beginning of 1851, the story was written in St. Petersburg and in February it was published in the Sovremennik magazine.
Analysis of the work
Plot
The story is told from the perspective of the author, who loves to hunt. One day in July, while hunting for black grouse, he got lost and, walking towards the fire of a burning fire, came out into a huge meadow, which the locals called Bezhin. Five peasant boys were sitting near the fire. Having asked them for an overnight stay, the hunter lay down by the fire, watching the boys.
In the further narration, the author describes five heroes: Vanya, Kostya, Ilya, Pavlusha and Fyodor, their appearance, characters and stories of each of them. Turgenev was always partial to spiritual and emotional gifted people, sincere and honest. These are the people he describes in his works. Most of them live hard lives, while they maintain high moral principles, are very demanding of themselves and others.
Heroes and characteristics
With deep sympathy, the author describes five boys, each of whom has his own character, appearance, and characteristics. This is how the writer describes one of the five boys, Pavlusha. The boy is not very handsome, his face is wrong, but the author notices a strong character in his voice and look. Appearance it speaks of the extreme poverty of the family, since all his clothes consisted of a simple shirt and patched trousers. It is he who is entrusted with monitoring the stew in the pot. He speaks knowledgeably about a fish splashing in the water and a star falling from the sky.
It is clear from his actions and speech that he is the most courageous of all the guys. This boy evokes the greatest sympathy not only from the author, but also from the reader. With one twig, unafraid, at night he galloped alone towards the wolf. Pavlusha knows all the animals and birds very well. He is brave and not afraid of acceptance. When he says that it seemed to him that the merman was calling him, the cowardly Ilyusha says that this is a bad omen. But Pavel answers him that he does not believe in omens, but believes in fate, from which you cannot escape anywhere. At the end of the story, the author informs the reader that Pavlusha died after falling from a horse.
Next comes Fedya, a boy of fourteen “with beautiful and delicate, slightly small features, curly blond hair, light eyes and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile. He belonged, by all accounts, to a rich family and went to the field not out of necessity, but just for fun.” He is the oldest among the guys. He behaves importantly, according to the right of his elder. He speaks patronizingly, as if afraid of losing his dignity.
The third boy, Ilyusha, was completely different. Also a simple peasant boy. He looks no more than twelve years old. His insignificant, elongated, hook-nosed face had a constant expression of dull, painful solicitude. His lips were compressed and did not move, and his eyebrows were knitted, as if he was constantly squinting from the fire. The boy is neat. As Turgenev describes his appearance, “a rope carefully tied his neat black scroll.” He is only 12 years old, but he already works with his brother in a paper factory. We can conclude that he is a hardworking and responsible boy. Ilyusha, as the author noted, knew well all the popular beliefs, which Pavlik completely denied.
Kostya looked no more than 10 years old, his small, freckled face was pointed, like a squirrel’s, and his huge black eyes stood out on him. He was also poorly dressed, thin and short in stature. He spoke in a thin voice. The author's attention is drawn to his sad, thoughtful look. He is a slightly cowardly boy, but, nevertheless, he goes out with the boys every night to graze horses, sit by the night fire and listen to scary stories.
The most inconspicuous boy of all five is seven-year-old Vanya, who was lying near the fire, “quietly huddled under the angular matting, and only occasionally exposed his light brown curly head from under it.” He is the youngest of all, the writer does not give him a portrait description. But all his actions, admiring the night sky, admiring the stars, which he compares to bees, characterize him as an inquisitive, sensitive and very sincere person.
All the peasant children mentioned in the story are very close to nature, they literally live in unity with it. From early childhood they already know what work is, they independently learn the world around us. This is facilitated by working at home and in the field, and during night trips. That is why Turgenev describes them with such love and reverent attention. These children are our future.
The writer's story does not belong only to the time of its creation, to the 19th century. This story is deeply modern and timely at all times. Today, more than ever, a return to nature is required, to the understanding that we must protect it and live with it in unity, as a beloved mother, but not a stepmother. Raise our children on work and respect for it, on respect for the working person. Then the world around us will change, become cleaner and more beautiful.
I. S. Turgenev’s story about the beliefs of peasant children, who are the main characters of the story “Bezhin Meadow,” was first published in N. A. Nekrasov’s magazine “Sovremennik” in 1851.
Lost Hunter
Realizing that he had lost the right path, our hero wandered until the night, which descended to the earth, fragrant, warm and dark. Suddenly, in the distance, he noticed two small lights, and hurried towards their light, towards the people.
These turned out to be peasant boys who were released to graze horses at night. They are the main characters of the story “Bezhin Meadow”.
By the fire
There was gloomy darkness all around. The hunter quietly lay down under a bush. The kids, and there were five of them, decided that he had dozed off and began to carry on an interrupted conversation. Meanwhile, our hero took a closer look at everyone. Fedya, about 14 years old, Pavlusha and Ilyusha, about 12 years old, Kostya, about 10 years old, and the youngest, who looked to be about seven years old, Vanyusha, are the main characters. The Bezhin meadow where they grazed their horses was located near the river and very far from the hunter’s house.
Fedya and Pavlusha
Fedya is the oldest boy, slender and handsome, with blond curly hair and light eyes, obviously growing up in a rich family. His clothes were beautiful and new, and the boots belonged to him, not his father. He went out at night for fun.
His position obliged him to hold on significantly. Pavlusha, with disheveled hair and gray eyes, was squat and awkward. His pockmarked face was intelligent, and his voice sounded significant. He couldn’t boast of clothes, but that wasn’t the main thing about him.
This is what the main characters looked like. The Bezhin meadow they were on became mysterious at night. Pavlusha will play a special role in the story. I. Turgenev characterizes the four other boys (they are also the main characters, “Bezhin Meadow”) not as brightly as Pavlusha.
Ilyusha, Kostya and Vanya
Ilyusha had an insignificant face; he constantly squinted at the fire and pulled a cap over his almost yellow hair. He was neatly dressed in new bast shoes and onuchi and a black scroll. Kostya, sad and thin, seemed to want to tell something, but it seemed that he lacked words. Vanya, lying on the ground and covered up to his curly head with a matting, as it later turns out, was a poetic and kind boy. Here are all the main characters. Bezhin Meadow united different boys that night. Every single one of them loved to listen to scary stories, which Ilyusha told more than anyone else. The main characters of Turgenev's "Bezhin Meadow" are children with different characters. Now we will look at each of them in detail.
The main characters (“Bezhin Meadow”), their characteristics
Fedya - his position obliges him to behave taciturnly and it is important not to lose his dignity. He tries to maintain a patronizing air towards all the boys.
Pavlusha is the brightest of all the guys, despite his ugliness. Scary stories that take everyone's breath away pour out of him. Pavlusha can tell an endless number of scary stories. He is the only one who has heard the brownie walking around at night, rearranging objects at night in an old paper mill. He meaningfully explains to those present that the brownie cannot be seen.
On a dark night, his tales become completely believable. Pavlusha himself is not afraid of anything. When it seemed to him that the herd was attacked by wolves, he jumped onto his horse, the dogs flew after him, and only he was seen. When he returned, saying that, fortunately, there were no wolves, everyone was amazed at his courage and determination. No less bravely, he went to the river for water. Everyone was afraid that the merman might drag him away. But Pavlusha returned as if nothing had happened, bringing water. His entire behavior shows the reader an intelligent boy with a strong character. At the end, the author says that Pavlusha died that same year. He fell from his horse and died.
Characteristics of Ilyusha
Ilyusha is the same age as Pavel, he also knows local beliefs well, but he tells them in a hoarse manner in a weak voice. Ilyusha's story about the drowned man also captures the imagination of the boys, and they listen to him with unflagging attention, because the story turns into the appearance of a werewolf who can speak human language. Ilyusha is happy to tell a story about a risen dead man who searches for the gap-grass at night.
They ask him with surprise about this story and in general when they can see the dead. He even knows how to scout out who will die this year. Everyone is amazed. In fact, Ilyusha, unlike all the kids, already works with his brother at the factory. This earns the children's respect, as does his deep knowledge. These are the main characters (“Bezhin Meadow”) by Turgenev.
Kostya and Vanya
Kostya, a weak and thin boy, even looking sickly, in a thin voice told the story with the mermaid, which he had heard from his father. A carpenter from the settlement of Gavrila got lost in the forest, and he met a wondrous wonder: a silver mermaid with green hair was swinging on a branch and calling him to her.
Gavrila really wanted to approach her, but gave up on himself. And the hand was heavy, it could barely rise. The little mermaid became sad and told Gavrila that he too would now always be gloomy, and disappeared. So Gavrila walks around forever sad. But in general Kostya is a coward. He would not have dared, like Pavel, to go to disperse the wolves, and the cries of a heron over the river scared him.
The youngest and most inconspicuous is curly-haired Vanya. He lay there all night without getting up, so that the author did not see him at first.
He speaks with a slight burr, in a very childish voice. He only listens to his older comrades, and does not say anything. When he is offered a gift, he, a kind and caring boy, asks to give it to his sister, because Anyuta is a good girl.
So all the main characters of the story “Bezhin Meadow” are described. The characterization shows us the spiritual beauty of children with their little weaknesses. I. Turgenev is probably the first Russian writer to dwell in such detail on the topic of child psychology.