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Office for an hour for a psychologist. What should a psychologist's office be like?

Olesya Shakiryanova

Cabinet psychologist - a specific room that functionally serves specific purposes to ensure a psychologically comfortable atmosphere and emotional well-being for all participants pedagogical process . And also, this is part of the developing subject environment, an element of microspace, subject to important laws of ergonomics of developing children's activity.

In new Federal State Educational Standard the requirements for the developing subject-spatial environment of preschool educational institutions are outlined. It should be content-rich, transformable, multifunctional, variable, accessible and safe, correspond age capabilities of children and the content of the program.

It was these requirements that we adhered to when creating and designing my office.

Cabinet located on the third floor of the building, the office is not passable, is located away from the music and sports hall. Available for both teachers, and for parents. In the hall in front office there is a waiting area for parents and children, equipped soft sofa and armchairs, information stand to familiarize yourself with the operating hours educational psychologist and reminders for parents, there are also "Mail educational psychologist» .

All space the office is organized according to with my specifics professional activity and consists of several work areas. Each zone has its own functional load.

Zone of organizational and methodological activities (work zone educational psychologist) contains:

A desk, a chair, a computer and office equipment (black and white and color printer, speakers, sets of CDs with educational videos, music.

Shelves with documentation (normative, special, organizational and methodological);

Cabinet for manuals with literature and printed publications to improve scientifically - theoretical level and professional competence;

Programs for processing and analyzing data obtained as a result of correctional and diagnostic activities – Diagnostic block

Sets of children's correctional and developmental equipment, fiction and benefits by age of children.

Interaction area with teachers and parents(Advisory work area) (for formal and informal communication)included in the areas of diagnostic and correctional-developmental work with children; it consists of:

Tables, chairs

Questionnaire forms, questionnaire forms, tests (located in the area of organizational and methodological activities)

printed material: booklets, reminders on various topics on stand information "For you, parents"

Literature on problems age development children, their behavioral characteristics, as well as on issues of family relationships;

Literature on the problems of cognitive, personal and emotional development of children, school readiness, adaptation to new social conditions, etc.;

Printouts with games and exercises for activities with children at home and in institutions;

This zone involves creating a trusting environment that helps the visitor who comes to the reception teacher-psychologist, calmly discuss the problems that concern him.

Functional areas office can partially overlap each other, completely coincide or transform into one another. The practice allows us to combine the initial reception areas and the psychologist’s work area, group areas correctional work and play therapy.

Correctional and developmental zone (play therapy area)is represented quite extensively and consists of several interconnected gaming centers:

Center for Emotional Development (development emotional intelligence, development of social and communication skills)

Author's manual on the door "Mood thermometer"- on it the child can indicate his mood or emotional state by choosing the color on which he will place the pointer slider. This diagnostic game can be played both before and after the game.

Corner of emotions:

A game "Our feelings and emotions", "zoo of moods", pencils of emotions, cube of emotions, designer doll "Pretender", a chest with a set for changing the doll's mood, glasses, "The ABCs of Mood", mirror.

Theater corner:

Hats, capes, pouch "for screaming", soft and paper masks. Scarves, headbands, medals, swords and a magic wand.

three sets of finger theater (family, wild and domestic animals, "Zayushkina's hut"; theater "Bibabo": family, "Little Red Riding Hood", a set of silhouette figures for shadow theater ( "Three piglets", Pets). Sets of backgrounds for staging theatrical games (more than 4).

Frame for puppetry, and it is also for shadow theater (also serves "football field" for games "Blow out the ball"(breathing game, "Score the ball" in a game with paper "football players" (for the development of motor skills).

Musical instruments: tambourine, pipes, whistles, plastic eggs with filling - intended for the development of auditory attention and breathing training (whistles and pipes)– necessary when working with both active and shy children.

Movement Center

Balls large and small, of different textures and weights, safe darts, volleyball, soft balls "snowballs", massagers and massage balls, game "Catch a Moth", Set of small bouncy balls (glow in the dark). Designed to stimulate motor activity, organize games in pairs or in a circle, develop attention and dexterity.

This large-scale painting is not only decorative, uniting the zones cabinet function,but also represents didactic manual to organize a series of educational games:

The lower tier is presented by the author's manual "Houses of Emotions". The houses are different in size, color, have different roof textures - sensory development of children younger age. Each house is locked with its own padlock (hook, ribbon, lacing, etc.) (development of fine motor skills of hands). When some houses are opened, music plays, selected to suit the mood of its occupant. Characters with different moods live in the houses (author's "Coffee" toys, (development of emotional intelligence). Playing with houses of emotions involves a conversation about the character, his mood; children are invited to come up with a story or fairy tale about the character, as well as play a game suggested by the character. Example: A mischievous pig lives in an orange house, he loves oranges and football, oranges and a round ball - find among geometric shapes round then orange figures. Touch the roof of the house with your finger, what does it feel like? - Velvet. Strings easily stick to velvet, let's draw a gift for the pig with thread. A game from the bag is offered "Nimble fingers"…

The middle tier in the center is a marker, magnetic board, on the back you can draw with chalk - it is used to demonstrate illustrations, tasks, or play with a cage or maze, that is, it has an educational function. The areas around the board include images of mountains, a castle, a river, a lake, a road, flowers, insects - intended for educational games "Plane orientation", attention games “How many butterflies are sitting on the flowers?”, “Where are the snails crawling, will they meet or not?”, “How many little men climbed the mountain?”, “What color is the castle with the round windows?”

There is also a locomotive with pockets on the trailers - used for diagnostic purposes (definition emotional state as in the test "Lushera", and in didactic - "Who will go first, second...".

There are two benefits for breathing development "Mill", "Butterfly".

The upper tier has an aesthetic function and is designed to consolidate children’s knowledge of the order of the seasons, and also suggests didactic games on plane orientation and attention (How many ladybugs are crawling up? How many birds are on the wall)

The Fine Motor Development and Construction Center includes:

Travel bag "Nimble fingers"contains 3 games: “Embroidering a picture”, "Drawing with thread", "Button Games". DIY games with clothespins, including a game "Who eats what", "Knots", "Laces", rubber bands for weaving and playing with rubber bands "Put it on your fingers". Puzzles on a plane, large and small, based on the plots of fairy tales, Puzzle "By magic", where you not only need to collect an episode from a fairy tale, but also collect these episodes in the correct sequence, a three-dimensional puzzle "Baba Yaga's Hut". Flexible fluffy wire and Beads for weaving, Beads "Pyusla" are used not only for stringing, but also for laying out patterns on special plates. Figurines of domestic, wild, sea animals, insects, educational table for young children - 2-sided

Large selection of designers: "Lego", "Fun Construction", "Snowflake", "Sun", "Geometric constructor", "Fluffy Ball", "Pythagoras", "Magic Wands".

Sand games are available in two versions: "Plasotherapy"- playing with kinetic sand and drawing with colored sand on the glass of a Montesori table - used in art therapy. To work in this direction, there is all the necessary material (sets of scoops and beads, small toys, little people, glass and natural stones, sets of sea creatures).

For playing with water there are fish, a fishing rod, a set for playing with soap bubbles, and a mat for drawing with water.

The training center is represented by two tables that can easily be transformed into one table, or tables of any configuration based on the purpose of work, a sofa, armchairs, chairs according to the height of the children.

The training center is easily supplemented with educational board games, pencils, paper and the necessary materials for correctional and developmental activities. Plasticine traditional, ball, Modeling kits "Play-doh": Scissors, turtle with shapes, syringe for plasticine, molds, rolling pin, stacks. Watercolor paints, gouache, brushes, colored pencils, wax pencils, felt-tip pens, scissors, drawing paper, colored, corrugated, velvet paper, foil, white and colored cardboard, stencils "Insects", "Vegetables", "Fruits", "Cloth", "Pets", "Wild animals".

On the shelves on the wall, diagnostic, correctional, therapeutic material is always at hand (counting sticks, sets of cards "Vegetables fruits" etc., Metaphorical cards used both in diagnostic and therapeutic work with children and adults.

The zone of relaxation and relief of emotional stress is compatible with training center and area of interaction with teachers and parents, which does not at all detract from its functional purpose, since it is represented by a soft sofa and armchairs, plants that help create optimal sanitary, hygienic and aesthetic conditions for exercise and relaxation. A rack with green plants, a waterfall and a composition made of natural stone act as a corner of nature that is designed to have a beneficial psychological effect on clients, especially during those hours when they are most susceptible to this (fatigue at the end of a working day, emotional arousal due to intense social contacts). Additionally I use aromatherapy (aroma sachet, collection of aroma oils) and soundtrack ( sounds of nature: noise of the forest, sea surf, birdsong, which has a very beneficial effect on children of different ages).

Toy pillows with artificial filling are always loved and popular.

Dry showers also serve the purposes of relaxation, sensory development and development of hand motor skills. (combined with volleyball net)

I will separately introduce the biofeedback therapy center.

It is closely related to the work area itself, since the work of training diaphragmatic relaxation breathing is the work of both the small client and the psychologist.

On the working screen I monitor the respiratory rhythm and heartbeat, set thresholds, on the additional screen the child looks at the game plot, sensors attached to his body read the heart rate and breathing. On the table of the biofeedback center there is literature, the necessary accessories for conducting introductory and instructing classes (a balloon, a pump, a cup, straws, a color printer for printing out indications of the success of biofeedback training. During classes, a warning about maintaining silence is posted on the front door. Hanging on the wall a sign reminding you of the rules of relaxation breathing, information leaflets for parents regarding both biofeedback and general issues of child development and upbringing.

Center for Intellectual Development

Thinking games: chess and checkers, "Unicube", "Cuisinaire's Sticks", "Dyenes Blocks", Logico Baby, cards with educational tasks with games "What's first, what's next", a game "Count", "Logics", "Pentamino", Voskobovich Square, "T-puzzle", "Collect a square", "Hexamino", sets of flat geometric shapes.

Games to develop perception and attention: 7 themed lotto, dominoes "Feelings", "Shadows", Puzzle "Shadows", a game "Big small", "Collect a plate", "Developing attention", "Colored rugs", earbuds "Insects","Wild animals", "Body parts", "Animals southern countries» , Cut wooden pictures "Seasons", "House", "Living World",

Games to develop general ideas about the world: games for studying time - cards for the panel "Times of Day", "What time is it now", "Learn by playing", watch dial with inserts different forms to study not only time, but also to train visual perception; group game "Guess who you are!", board and printed games "Become a friend of nature", "Pictures of halves", "Big and Small", "Sound, light, water", "Let's play",

Optional equipment:

Carpet tiles, cords, a grid of cords for teaching orientation by cells, bedspreads, game backgrounds.

Toys and aids for organizing surprise moments:

Story toys Baba Yaga, Good Fairy, Sad Clown, Parsley, designer toy puppet doll, chest with wooden toys, music box, toy candle (it goes out if you blow on it, game backgrounds.

Play Therapy Center for Children

Kits for role-playing games : "Hospital", "House", "Shop"

Games for girls (conditional): Dolls "Family", Set of doll furniture, dishes, printed board game "Dream House".

Games for boys: Sets of cars, helicopters, motorcycles, soldiers. Games to follow traffic rules, wooden construction set "Transport".

Description of the sensory room

Efficiency of functioning of the MBDOU sensory room "Berezka", is based on relevant requirements of organizational support, and is also supported by the necessary technical equipment and facilities. The sensory room is located on the third floor kindergarten, Near teacher-psychologist's office.

The color of the walls, floors, furniture, and blinds is selected based on the principle of using calm and neutral tones that do not cause additional excitement or irritation.

The room is equipped with a music center that allows for group and individual work using musical accompaniment, which helps to carry out office relaxation measures for psychological relief.

The room is intended for holding various types group work with total number participants up to 3-8 people.

Conventionally, the SC equipment can be divided into functional blocks:

Relaxation block - it includes soft coverings, ottomans and pillows, devices that create diffused light, an aromatherapy installation and a library of relaxation music. A child or an adult, lying on soft forms, can take a comfortable position and relax. Slowly passing diffused light, a pleasant smell combined with soothing music create an atmosphere of safety and tranquility. If necessary, additionally, psychotherapeutic work with the client can be carried out in such an environment.

Activation unit - it includes all equipment with light-optical and sound effects, touch panels for hands and feet. Bright light-optical effects attract, stimulate and maintain attention, creating a joyful holiday atmosphere. The use of the equipment of this SC block is aimed at stimulating research interest and physical activity: Safety bubble column with soft platform and 2-piece safety corner mirror, Projector "Mercury",Safe fiber optic bundle, Panel "Starry Sky" And « Milky Way» , Interactive wall panel "Infinity 50",Sound-activated light projector “Brainscan”, Bundle of fiber-optic fibers with side glow "Star Rain",Floor fiber-optic carpet "Stargazer", Mirror ball, Floor fiber-optic module "Magic Fountain", Lamp "Flame", Aroma lamp "Efa" and a set of oils Shar "Lightning", "Magic Thread"

Tactile environment - allows you to master new sensations and develop tactile sensitivity, teaches you to distinguish the various properties of objects and improves hand-eye coordination. Children's game cubes with applique, Mosaic "Heart",Children's didactic manual "Scarlet Flower", Educational game set "ABC + mathematics"

A properly organized environment performs correctional, educational, developmental, nurturing, stimulating, organizational, and communicative functions. This is the optimal condition for correctional work in general.

Based on the above, The teacher-psychologist's office is equipped everything necessary and is a full-fledged center for the psychological development of preschool children. Thus KRPPS teacher-psychologist's office fully meets the requirements GEF DO, promotes the comprehensive development of the preschooler, as well as the effective organization of work with parents and preschool teachers.

The portal Psy.firmika.ru contains offers for renting offices for psychologists in Moscow. When starting private practice, many psychologists are faced with the problem of lack of suitable premises for receiving clients. A good solution is to rent an office or hall for group training, but this also has its own nuances.

What do you need to know about renting private practice offices?

Offers to rent a psychologist's office are created by psychological and business centers. Depending on the type of occupation of the specialist, you can choose premises for individual, group and family therapy, classes with children. Psychological centers also provide facilities equipped for sandplay, art therapy and training.

When choosing an office for private practice, you should focus on the following criteria:

Convenient location of the center.
Cozy, “homely” atmosphere in the office, absence of extraneous noise. It is better if the room has soft sofas and armchairs and carpeting.
Availability of a waiting room.
Possibility of coffee breaks.
Availability of necessary equipment.

If you need to rent a psychologist’s office for group classes, it is better to choose rooms that have a projector that allows you to make presentations. A big plus would be the presence of a small kitchen or dining room.

Rent of psychologist's offices in the center psychological assistance carried out strictly by appointment, a weekly or monthly schedule is drawn up for all specialists. When the flow of clients is too large, you can rent another psychologist’s consulting room, sharing the appointment time with colleagues.

Cost of renting premises for psychological consultations

The cost of renting a psychologist's office per hour is perhaps the most important criterion. It depends on the size of the room, its equipment and the location of the center. A kitchenette fee may be included in the price.

Hourly rent of a small psychologist's office costs on average 500 rubles. Since the evening is the most popular time, psychological centers increase prices for the second half of the day. Subscriptions for 10-20 hours are often provided and include a 5-10% discount. In some cases, an advance payment is required, which is not refundable in case of refusal to rent a psychological office.

A psychologist's office is a specific room that functionally serves certain purposes, and it is also part of the developing subject environment, an element of microspace, subject to important ergonomic laws of developing children's activity.
As for a mass educational institution, where children spend most of their time and one psychologist serves a large contingent of children, it is necessary to consider the psychologist’s workplace as part of the living environment. And this environment must respond general principles“rich, knowledge-intensive and contain natural and socio-cultural resources that provide a variety of child activities.” This environment must also meet the criteria of functional comfort.

First condition. It is more convenient to locate a psychologist’s office on the ground floor, since psychologists see not only children attending the institution, but also their parents.

Second condition: There should be maximum isolation, both territorial and sound. This means two particularly important points: the office should not be a walk-through or adjacent to premises such as physical education and music rooms.
Third condition: office is symbol psychologist's place of work. It would be more correct to imagine it as a room divided into three areas of activity, each of which is very specific both in terms of equipment and functional purpose: diagnostic, correctional, relaxing.

Specially equipped office practical psychologist(KPP) can function on the basis of a regular office of a teaching and educational institution. Its task is to provide timely qualified advisory and methodological, psychological and psychocorrection assistance to various categories of the population, including students of different levels of development and age, their parents, as well as solving problems of socio-psychological rehabilitation and adaptation.

A room or a separate classroom with an area of at least 25-30 m should be allocated for the office of a practical psychologist, so that 10-12 people can be in it at the same time, work with whom should take place in comfortable conditions.

Temperature regime. The room should be warm and at the same time well ventilated. In winter, due to increased dryness of the air, you can use the “Comfort” device to humidify and ionize it; It is advisable to have an air conditioning unit. The optimal temperature is considered to be between 20 and 22° C.

Soundproofing. To isolate from corridor noise, the room can be equipped with a double door. The maximum sound volume of recordings is 30 dB (muffled speech). During classes, a warning about maintaining silence must be posted on the front door.

Material and technical equipment and organization of office space
The implementation of a complex of psychocorrection and rehabilitation measures involves conducting classes in a specially equipped room, which must meet the appropriate conditions and requirements for the technical support and equipment of the psychological office:

Technical means: VCR, TV, stereo with a set of video and audio cassettes, computer, printer, copier, video camera.

Teaching materials: practical materials for psychological work at school; set of toys, board games, appropriate to the age of the children; set of various materials ( construction material, plasticine, paints, colored pencils, markers, paper, etc.); Library of a practical psychologist; handouts for students, parents and teachers, participants in socio-psychological training groups or for other group classes.

Documentation: There should be folders with the necessary documentation in the psychologist’s office

List of documentation

Annual work plan approved by the head of the educational institution.
Logbook of work performed
Schedule
Programs and methods of psychoprophylactic, diagnostic, developmental, correctional, consulting and other types of work.
Analytical report on the work carried out for the year, approved by the head of the educational institution.

Furniture:
psychologist's desk,
manual cabinet,
equipment cabinet,
children's jobs,
Coffee table,
2-3 soft chairs or sofa
chairs.
Additional tools for interior design: room partitions, flowers, aquarium. Partitions can be a rack or a composition of flowers and plants.

METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR THE WORK OF TEACHER-PSYCHOLOGIST

All areas of work of a practical psychologist’s office require methodological, organizational and technical support, which, of course, contributes to the effective functioning of the checkpoint.

Selection of methodological tools

The choice of examination method is one of the difficult stages of the diagnostic and correctional work of a practical psychologist. Of all the diversity existing on this moment Diagnostic techniques must be able to choose those that correspond to the goals and objectives of the study, as well as a number of important principles. These principles are directly related to the organization of methodological equipment for a practical psychologist, determining the necessary minimum of diagnostic tools in the work of a novice specialist. Let us list these principles.

1. The available arsenal of techniques in the office of a practical psychologist should be multidirectional in nature, covering all aspects of a person’s mental life, including mental processes, properties, states, personality orientation, its attitudes, value orientations, intellectual level, characteristics of interpersonal interaction, stress resistance and behavioral reactions in tense situations, etc.

2. In the office of a practical psychologist there should be methods for different age groups. Methods developed in scientific psychology and tested in practice, when used in early age require special modification, providing for in-depth psychological analysis and competent interpretation of a complex of different indicators in their dynamics. In child psychology, it is necessary not only to focus on what the child can currently accomplish, but also to predict what he is able to achieve in the near future, what his “zone of proximal development” is. This is especially important when diagnosing developmental disorders; in connection with this, it is necessary to develop separate diagnostic techniques in the form of a teaching, formative experiment.

3. Methods for both individual and group research should be presented.

4. Since a psychologist often needs operational information, great importance acquire methods that are not associated with a cumbersome processing procedure and allow for rapid diagnostics. It is advisable to use so-called functional tests as express methods in a psychological office.

5. Modern technologies make it possible to equip the offices of practical psychologists with computers diagnostic techniques, which significantly saves time, reduces the cost of preparing test material and forms, and simplifies the procedure for processing results. However, despite the undoubted advantages of computer psychodiagnostics, one should not get too carried away with it, since dialogue with a computer does not replace direct emotional communication between the client and the psychologist, when empathic interaction, acceptance, trusting contact and a sense of understanding are included, which is the purpose of contacting a psychologist.

Requirements for methods

The methods that form the methodological basis of the office of a practical psychologist must meet certain requirements:
- the goals, subject and scope of application of the methodology must be clearly formulated;
- the area of application must be clearly identified, which means a special social environment or sphere of social practice, the contingent of subjects (gender, age, education, professional experience, job position);
- the content of the methodology should include a clear statement of the processing procedure, statistically sound methods for calculating and standardizing test scores;
- methods must be tested for representativeness, validity and reliability in a given field of application;
- blank methods must be presented on separate sheets, carefully verified spelling and grammatically;
- methods containing drawings and text material must be clearly printed.
Methods that do not meet the above requirements cannot be recognized as a professional psychodiagnostic tool. A practical psychologist has the right to use only certified psychodiagnostic techniques.

Equally important is selection of psychological tools for correctional work, including a variety of handouts:
-balls, toys, children's crafts,
- soft ball chairs, building transformers and other materials that can be used in play therapy or fairy tale therapy.

The effectiveness of using various psychological means of influence increases significantly when they are used in a complex manner as interacting and complementary. This approach is also important in the process psychological diagnostics and subsequent correction, and in sessions of psychological support, relieving psycho-emotional stress, teaching self-regulation skills. Such means include, in particular, audiovisual means, gaming materials used in play therapy, music therapy and movement therapy.
The psychologist of the school psychological office bears full responsibility for the implementation of correction and development programs, the effectiveness of recommendations and the final result.
To evaluate his work, a psychologist can use specially designed questionnaires. Based on the results of a survey conducted regularly at the end of a certain cycle of classes, it is possible to analyze the adequacy of the selection of methodological tools and developmental programs individual work with students of different ages, assess the dynamics of the child’s achievements (for example, changes in the level of his personal anxiety or resistance to stress, etc.).
When conducting projective techniques with children of different ages, one should take into account the special situationally determined impressionability of the child’s psyche. Even the most inexperienced parent in the study of children's creativity noticed that after watching the film, children draw and sculpt something in accordance with the theme of the film. In this way, they experience the impressions they have just received and work to assimilate new experience. Therefore, one should not interpret in any special sense a drawing of a family if, after watching a cartoon about “Crocodile Gena and Cheburashka,” a child drew his dad as a crocodile [Shmelev, 1999]. When working with schoolchildren, it should be taken into account that children have not yet fully mastered social norms and for them “lie scales” work poorly or do not work at all. The younger the student, the less suitable questionnaires are for him.
In child psychodiagnostics, the results of diagnostic procedures also turn out to be unreliable for the reason that children do not always absolutely correctly understand the meaning of what is required of them in the methodology. Speech development children under 12-13 years of age does not allow them to clearly understand the meaning of many instructions and questions. Therefore, school psychologists should not be overly carried away by verbal techniques that use speech stimulus material.

MUSICAL MEANS

One of the psychological means of influence during individual and group sessions in the office of a practical psychologist is specially selected musical programs, the influence of which is characterized by multifaceted changes in the functional state of the human body. Thus, by varying the musical background, you can influence mood, induce a state of rest or excitement, control a person’s performance or enhance relaxation.

General characteristics musical works,
reflecting a similar emotional state

Basic options	Basics Mood	Literary definitions	Titles Works
Slow	Calm	Lyrical, soft, contemplative, elegiac, melodious, thoughtful, tender	A. Borodin: Nocturne from String quartet; F. Chopin: Nocturnes in F major and D major (extreme parts); F. Schubert. "Ave Maria"; K. Sen - Sans. "Swan"; S. Rachmaninov. Concerto No. 2 (beginning of movement II)
Slow Minor	Sadness	Gloomy, sad, tragic, sad, despondent, mournful	P. Tchaikovsky. Fifth Symphony (beginning), Sixth Symphony (final) E. Grieg. Death of Oze, Complaint Ingrid from the Peer-Gynt suite; F. Chopin. Prelude in C minor, March from the Sonata in B flat minor, Etude in C sharp minor; K. Gluck. "Melody"
Fast Minor	Anger	Dramatic, excited, alarming, restless, angry, angry, desperate	F. Chopin. Etudes No. 12, 23, 24; Scherzo No. 1, Prelude No. 16, 24; A. Scriabin. Etude No. 6 Op. 8; P. Tchaikovsky. Overture "The Tempest"; R. Schumann. "Rush"; L. Beethoven. Sonatas No. 14, 23 (finals)
Fast Major	Joy	Festive, jubilant, cheerful, cheerful, joyful	D. Shostakovich. Festive overture; F. Leaf. Hungarian Rhapsodies No. 6, 10, 11, 12 (finals); W. Mozart. Little night Serenade (parts I and IV); L. Beethoven. Symphonies No. 5, 6, 9 (finals)

Music therapy can be effective method treatment of school neuroses, which today increasingly affect not only students, but also teachers. Development of rich emotional sphere is achieved by involving people in a wide range of musical artistic experiences, the formation of an emotionally positive perception of the world, and an optimistic worldview.
If we consider a session of music psychotherapy from the perspective of the possibility of influencing the physical, emotional and intellectual spheres of the body, then, since music is the language of non-verbal communication, we can expect the greatest effect in influencing a person’s feelings and moods, weakening negative experiences in the process of their cathartic release under the influence music.

ORGANIZATION OF OFFICE SPACE

Taking into account the specifics of the tasks, the office of a practical psychologist should geographically include several zones, each of which has a specific purpose and appropriate equipment. It is necessary to separate the waiting area and the advisory area.

Waiting area It is a part of the room separated by a partition from outsiders and those visitors who are already at the checkpoint. It is recommended to use flowers extensively. There should not be any posters on the walls, especially medical ones, so as not to cause unwanted associations among children and their parents.

Initial reception area and conversation with the client is equipped with a desktop, a file cabinet with data about children, teachers, parents as clients of the office, a closed file cabinet containing data and survey results that should be inaccessible to outsiders. The cabinet contains psychological tables, posters, teaching materials and other tools for psychological examination of clients.

Advisory work area designed as comfortably as possible. A coffee table and comfortable soft chairs, dim lighting from the side sconces create an atmosphere of comfort, security, promote relaxation, calm, and promote open, trusting communication in individual, group or family counseling.

Play therapy area is of particular importance and therefore must be equipped accordingly: soft floor covering; movable furniture that facilitates quick changes in the situation in the game plot; toys, craft materials, pencils, albums. Children's crafts, drawings, and bright interior decoration are appropriate here. Color design and phytodesign complement each other in creating a “children's space.” All this makes it easy for children to adapt to working conditions in the office and helps relieve tension.

Relaxation and withdrawal zone psycho-emotional stress involves free placement of comfortable soft chairs for relaxation.
The effect of relaxation and relief, muscle tension can be achieved under the influence of certain elements of the environment (aquarium, light music, slide images), as well as functional music. Therefore, you need a tape recorder with a set of cassettes.
In this area of the psychological office, you can conduct classes and autogenic training sessions with viewing slide programs and video programs with musical accompaniment. These classes are especially important in our time, as the number of children and adults who have experienced traumatic stress is increasing.
All these zones, in fact, correspond to the goals and objectives of the functioning of the school psychologist’s office, the main contingent of which are students of various ages, their parents and teachers.

ORGANIZATION OF PHYTODESIGN

The school psychologist's office must have plants that help create optimal sanitary, hygienic and aesthetic conditions for classes and recreation. They can also perform functions professionally organized space when flowers, flower racks and walls act as functional partitions separating different areas of the office (reception area, for example, from the play area or advisory area).
When composing the interiors of a psychological office, you can place in them fresh flowers, green grass lawns, phytocompositions, and sometimes chirping birds in order to more fully imitate an ecological space, which is designed to have a beneficial psychological effect on clients, especially during those hours when they are most susceptible to this (fatigue at the end of a working day, emotional arousal due to intense social contacts).
An organic complement to the comfortable conditions of phytodesign is the use of recordings of natural sounds during classes: the noise of the forest, the sea surf, birdsong, which has a very beneficial effect on children of different ages.

LIGHT-COLOR DESIGN OF THE OFFICE

When organizing a practical psychologist’s office, it is necessary to pay serious attention to its light and color design.
Lighting . Light intensity should be adjusted over a wide range (from bright lighting to complete darkness).
Combined lighting is recommended, both fluorescent and incandescent lamps. Before and after restorative relaxation or developmental activities, regular overhead lighting is used; During special classes, the side wall sconces turn on with a weak green light. It is better to point all lamps at the ceiling to provide soft, diffused light.
Color climate. Color affects a person's mental state and can change his mood. The environment in which the client finds himself should be conducive to dialogue and trusting communication. Therefore, when designing an office, it is important to take into account the requirements of color psychology.
The effect of color on humans All colors can be divided into two groups: warm (shades of red and yellow) and cold (bluish-violet tones).
Green and blue colors have the most beneficial effect on vision and the central nervous system (CNS). All light colors have a good effect on a person’s psychophysiological state and cause a good mood. Dark tones and rich shades of color are depressing and cause a depressed state. Red and yellow colors excite and activate the central nervous system.

A person's feelings change depending on color environment:
yellow and light yellow-green colors evoke a feeling of something light, and vice versa, dark tones purple-blue colors - something heavy.
Blue furniture creates a cold feeling. Subconsciously, there is a feeling that sitting on “blue” is not as “warm” as sitting on red or brown. A room painted orange appears to have a higher temperature than a room painted blue-green, even though the temperature in both rooms is actually the same. In a room, especially with poor lighting, ceilings and walls painted white appear gray. This cool color does not create the impression of a bright room. From a psychological point of view, painting a room white is tiring and has an adverse effect. White color works well when used as a background for other colors.
When organizing the office of a practical psychologist, it is important to take into account the psychological impact of the color of the door in the office. The door is an important part of the room and almost always evokes certain psychological associations. Depending on the color of the doors, they seem to invite you to enter the room or, conversely, do not invite you to do so. Negative emotions and reluctance, they are caused by doors painted in a gloomy gray color; painted in cheerful colors - improve your mood.

Color is also associated with hearing. With noise, the function of visual receptors increases and therefore the perception of green color becomes more intense, and the increased perception of green color “covers” the noise to a certain extent.
Thus, sharp acoustic stimuli can be muffled by corresponding light stimuli.
Harsh noise will be perceived more calmly in a room painted olive green, swamp green or dark brown.

Research from the Institute of Color Psychology in Zurich (Switzerland) showed that children give preference to one color or another depending on their age.

The relationship between light and human psychological characteristics

Age (years)	Preferred Color	Evocative color negative attitude	Predominant psychological state
4 – 10	Red, purple, pink, turquoise	Black, dark brown, grey	Stay in the world of fairy tales
11 – 12	Green, yellow, red	Olive, pastel green, lilac	Predominance sensual perception of the world
13 – 16	Ultramarine, blue, orange, (green)	Violet, lilac	Rational approach to perception of the world development self-awareness
17 – 19	Red-orange	Purple, pink	Instinctively purposeful perception of the world

The same design technique for different elements of a room has different effects on people. Floor painted like chessboard, the person bears it calmly. The sight of such sex does not haunt him. But walls painted in the same way make an unpleasant impression. So, when examining a room, often more attention is paid to the walls and precisely their lower part. Color division of walls can optically lengthen them. When painting walls, you should use more intense colors compared to the muted color of the floor.
Depending on the location of the color in the room, it can affect a person differently.

The characteristic effect of color on a person.

Color	The effect of color on a person when this color is placed
Color	Up	On the side surfaces	At the bottom
Orange	Protects concentrates attention	Warms, envelops	Burns
Brown	Covers up makes it heavy	Produces impression earthiness, materiality	Instills confidence
Blue	Creates impression ease, friendliness, sky	Cools, alienates	Creates comfort for walking
Yellow	Makes it easier amuses	Excites	Raises

Classification of colors according to their psychological effects on humans.
1. Stimulating (warm) colors
red - strong-willed, life-affirming, able to motivate to action
orange - warm, cozy, conducive to intimate conversation
yellow - promotes better contact
2. Disintegrating (cold) colors
purple - stimulates self-absorption
blue - removes, creates distance
3. Calming and balancing colors
green - refreshing
olive - soothing, softening
yellow-green - liberates
4. Muffling and suppressing irritation
ocher - softens the growth of irritation
brown, earthy - stabilizes
dark brown – softens excitability
white, gray - extinguish irritation
dark gray, black-blue, green-blue - isolate and suppress irritation
5. Pastel colors
pink – evokes a feeling of tenderness
purple – enhances isolation and withdrawal
pastel green - softens
grayish-bluish - evokes restraint
These effects of color on the state of mind should be used when planning the functional areas of the office, depending on the tasks of the work.
Waiting area and advisory zone It is advisable to design it in such a way that the color scheme of the space ensures relative peace, a mood for dialogue, and free communication. Therefore, you should not use saturated shades of red-orange, and it is also not recommended to create sharp color contrasts in perception. The color scheme of the zones should be consistent in basic colors.
The play psychotherapy area is being decorated using bright, saturated tones, sometimes in sharp contrast.
Zone of relaxation and relief of psycho-emotional stress You should not oversaturate with small details, they will irritate and have a stimulating effect rather than a relaxing one. For the same reason, it is not recommended to use bright shiny surfaces. Relaxation sessions are best conducted in a semi-darkened room, which promotes relaxation and stress relief. Curtains on windows should be made of light-proof fabric.
The effect of relaxation and relieving psycho-emotional stress can be achieved under the influence of certain elements of the environment and light-colored design of the office. The color of walls, floors, furniture, curtains is selected in calm and neutral tones that do not cause additional excitement or irritation; in a color-light interior, blue and green colors are preferred (the ceiling is blue to imitate the sky, the floor covering is in green tones.
It is known that the life of an adult is built on the basis of his child development. What can affect a child's behavior? What will his character be? Why does he behave this way and not otherwise? These are the questions that are relevant for parents and educators of children. preschool age. An educational psychologist can answer these and many other questions.

Regardless of whether you are engaged in individual or family psychological counseling, whether it is a private practice, work in a psychological center or in government agency, it is very important how the office in which you provide psychological services is arranged.

Talking about the most exciting and important things, meeting their feelings, clients feel very vulnerable. Therefore, the psychologist strives to create for the client the safest and most comfortable conditions. This goal is served not only by the creation of a special trusting relationship between the client and the consultant, the guarantee of confidentiality, the empathy of the specialist and other things directly related to the counseling process, but also by the organization of a special microclimate in the room where the psychological consultation takes place.

What should be in a psychologist's office? What should a novice specialist pay special attention to when organizing his workplace?

1. Place of the psychological office.

It is best if your office is located in a special psychological center, with a convenient waiting area (in case the client arrives before the scheduled consultation time). The office can be rented, which is very convenient, since most often such offices are already equipped for the work of a psychologist and do not require significant refurbishment.

Many psychologists see clients in their homes, but I do not recommend this. The home environment (and the psychologist’s personal belongings) can interfere with the counseling process, and you should not mix work and home, personal spaces. The exception is cases when you have the opportunity to allocate a separate room for an office (where only psychological consultations will take place), and isolate your home, personal space from the client’s visibility zone.

2. Color design.

The predominant colors for office decoration are, of course, warm and pastel. Any combination of pale beige, soothing shades of yellow, green and blue are ideal for a psychologist's office. There should be no bright, flashy colors, eye-catching spots of color - anything that can distract the client.

3. Light.

The possibility of natural daylight is welcomed, as well as the possibility of artificially adjusting the brightness of lighting (for example, “spot” lighting, the presence of additional floor lamps near the chair of the client and the psychologist, etc.).

4. Furniture.

The main piece of furniture in a psychologist’s office, of course, is psychological chairs for the consultant and client. They should be comfortable, moderately soft (but not like “frameless chairs” or “bean bags”), not too formal (not like leather executive chairs). A small table is necessary if the client performs various practices that require writing, drawing, etc. The rest depends on the direction in which the psychologist works. For example, a sand therapist needs a special “sandbox” and small figures for work, a Gestalt therapist needs additional chairs (to perform the “empty chair” technique), an art therapist needs paints, colored pencils and drawing paper, etc. .d. To store materials for diagnostic work, professional literature, writing instruments, sheets of paper, etc., you need a cabinet, rack or desk.

5. Interior items.

All interior items in a psychologist’s office should carry a semantic load; there should be nothing superfluous or distracting. There may be diplomas and certificates of a psychologist on the walls (after all, clients want to be confident in the qualifications of a specialist), and flowers on the windowsills to create coziness. The specialist also needs to stock up on disposable paper tissues - after all, many clients cry at a psychologist’s appointment.

Many people create a “tea zone” in their office to offer the client water or tea and coffee while working. However, this is unnecessary, and I recommend moving this area outside the psychological office. Despite the fact that the atmosphere in the psychologist’s office is very cozy and relaxing, it is still working and serves exclusively the purposes of counseling. Therefore, nothing should interfere with the client’s maximum focus on himself and his feelings.

6. Seating arrangement.

There should be no barriers between the psychologist’s chair and the client’s in the form of a desk or coffee table. They should be located at a slight angle opposite each other. This position helps to establish trusting contact with the client, in contrast to the position where the specialist sits directly opposite the client.

7. Sound insulation.

A psychological office, of course, needs good noise insulation so that, firstly, the client is not distracted by extraneous sounds coming from the street, corridor or waiting area, and secondly, so that the client is sure that his speech is not heard by anyone outside the office.

8. Methodological equipment.

Everything that a psychologist may need for his work is any teaching materials, tests, forms, writing materials, etc., should find their place in your office.

Of course, the psychologist “works with his personality,” and his professional quality and personal capabilities are the main prerequisites efficient work. However, for the successful implementation of all the skills of a psychologist, it is necessary to create a special microclimate, a special space. Therefore, it is very important what exactly your future psychological office will be like.

Your psychologist, Yulia Zagorodneva.

I.V. Bagramyan, Moscow

The path of a person growing up is quite thorny. For a child, the first school of life is his family, which represents the whole world. In a family, a child learns to love, endure, rejoice, sympathize and many other important feelings. In the context of a family, an emotional and moral experience unique to it develops: beliefs and ideals, assessments and value orientations, attitudes towards people around them and activities. The priority in raising a child belongs to the family (M.I. Rosenova, 2011, 2015).

Let's declutter

Much has been written about how important it is to be able to let go and complete the old and outdated. Otherwise, they say, the new one will not come (the place is occupied), and there will be no energy. Why do we nod when reading such articles that motivate us to clean, but everything still remains in its place? We find thousands of reasons to put aside what we have put aside and throw it away. Or don’t start clearing out rubble and storage rooms at all. And we already habitually scold ourselves: “I’m completely cluttered, I need to pull myself together.”
Being able to easily and confidently throw away unnecessary things becomes a mandatory program for a “good housewife”. And often - a source of another neurosis for those who for some reason cannot do this. After all, the less we do “right” - and the better we can hear ourselves, the happier we live. And the more correct it is for us. So, let’s figure out whether it’s really necessary for you personally to declutter.

The art of communicating with parents

Parents often love to teach their children, even when they are old enough. They interfere in their personal lives, advise, condemn... It gets to the point that children do not want to see their parents because they are tired of their moral teachings.

What to do?

Accepting flaws. Children must understand that it will not be possible to re-educate their parents; they will not change, no matter how much you want them to. Once you accept their shortcomings, it will be easier for you to communicate with them. You will simply stop expecting a different relationship than you had before.

How to prevent cheating

When people start a family, no one, with rare exceptions, even thinks about starting relationships on the side. And yet, according to statistics, families most often break up precisely because of infidelity. Approximately half of men and women cheat on their partners within a legal relationship. In short, the number of faithful and unfaithful people is distributed 50 to 50.

Before we talk about how to protect a marriage from cheating, it is important to understand